AIgunes espècies de dípters (Diptera, Syrphidae) de Mallorca (/lles Balears, Espanya) amb especial referència als hàbitats del parc natural de s'Albufera de Mallorca

Abstract not availabl

Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of the Parc Natural de s’Albufera de Mallorca

[eng]Eleven sawfly species are recorded from the largest wetland area in the Balearic Islands. Seven of these species are recorded for the first time in the archipelago, with one of them, Janus luteipes, being an addition to the recorded fauna of the Iberian Region.[cat]S’han registrat onze símfits a la zona humida més gran de les Illes Balears. Set d’aquestes espècies han estat primera cita per a l’arxipèlag, essent una d’elles, Janus luteipes, també una addició per a la fauna de la regió Ibèrica

Decline in an Atlantic Puffin population : evaluation of magnitude and mechanisms

Funding: This study was funded annually by Fair Isle Bird Observatory Trust (www.fairislebirdobs.co.uk) with contributions from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (jncc.defra.gov.uk). Funding was received from these two sources by Fair Isle Bird Observatory from 1986 to 2013. The Joint Nature Conservation Committee and Fair Isle Bird Observatory Trust supplied guidance on study design, data collection, analyses, preparation of the manuscript and the decision to publish.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Quantifying full phenological event distributions reveals simultaneous advances, temporal stability and delays in spring and autumn migration timing in long-distance migratory birds

Acknowledgements We thank all Fair Isle Bird Observatory staff and volunteers for help with data collection and acknowledge the foresight of George Waterston and Ken Williamson in instigating the observatory and census methodology. We thank all current and previous directors of Fair Isle Bird Observatory Trust for their contributions, particularly Dave Okill and Mike Wood for their stalwart support for the long-term data collection and for the current analyses. Dawn Balmer and Ian Newton provided helpful guidance on manuscript drafts. We thank Ally Phillimore and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. This study would have been impossible without the Fair Isle community's invaluable support and patience over many decades, which is very gratefully acknowledged. WTSM and JMR designed and undertook analyses, wrote the paper and contributed to data collection and compilation, MB contributed to analysis and editing, all other authors oversaw and undertook data collection and compilation and contributed to editing.Peer reviewedPostprin

Among‐species variation in six decades of changing migration timings explained through ecology, life‐history and local migratory abundance

We thank all Fair Isle residents for their long-term support, and W.T.S. Miles and I.J. Andrews for database construction and management. V.R.D was funded by a UK NERC SUPER DTP PhD studentship supported by University of Aberdeen and Fair Isle Bird Observatory Trust.Species exploiting seasonal environments must alter timings of key life‐history events in response to large‐scale climatic changes in order to maintain trophic synchrony with required resources. Yet, substantial among‐species variation in long‐term phenological changes has been observed. Advancing from simply describing such variation towards predicting future phenological responses requires studies that rigorously quantify and explain variation in the direction and magnitude of changing timings across diverse species in relation to key ecological and life‐history variables. Accordingly, we fitted multi‐quantile regressions to 59 years of multi‐species data on spring and autumn bird migration timings through northern Scotland. We demonstrate substantial variation in changes in timings among 72 species, and tested whether such variation can be explained by species ecology, life‐history and changes in local abundance. Consistent with predictions, species that advanced their migration timing in one or both seasons had more seasonally restricted diet types, fewer suitable breeding habitat types, shorter generation lengths and capability to produce multiple offspring broods per year. In contrast, species with less seasonally restricted diet types and that produce single annual offspring broods, showed no change. Meanwhile, contrary to prediction, long‐distance and short‐distance migrants advanced migration timings similarly. Changes in migration timing also varied with changes in local migratory abundance, such that species with increasing seasonal abundance apparently altered their migration timing, whilst species with decreasing abundance did not. Such patterns broadly concur with expectation given adaptive changes in migration timing. However, we demonstrate that similar patterns can be generated by numerical sampling given changing local abundances. Any apparent phenology‐abundance relationships should, therefore, be carefully validated and interpreted. Overall, our results show that migrant bird species with differing ecologies and life‐histories showed systematically differing phenological changes over six decades contextualised by large‐scale environmental changes, potentially facilitating future predictions and altering temporal dynamics of seasonal species co‐occurrences.Peer reviewe

Molecular underpinnings and environmental drivers of loss of heterozygosity in Drosophila intestinal stem cells

International audienceDuring development and aging, genome mutation leading to loss of heterozygosity (LOH) can uncover recessive phenotypes within tissue compartments. This phenomenon occurs in normal human tissues and is prevalent in pathological genetic conditions and cancers. While studies in yeast have defined DNA repair mechanisms that can promote LOH, the predominant pathways and environmental triggers in somatic tissues of multicellular organisms are not well understood. Here, we investigate mechanisms underlying LOH in intestinal stem cells in Drosophila. Infection with the pathogenic bacteria, Erwinia carotovora carotovora 15, but not Pseudomonas entomophila, increases LOH frequency. Using whole genome sequencing of somatic LOH events, we demonstrate that they arise primarily via mitotic recombination. Molecular features and genetic evidence argue against a break-induced replication mechanism and instead support cross-over via double Holliday junction-based repair. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of mitotic recombination, an important mediator of LOH, and its effects on stem cells in vivo

Population size estimates for Atlantic Puffin and Great Skua.

<p>A. The maximum count of individual adult Atlantic Puffins on Fair Isle in census years between 1986 and 2013 and B. the total number of Great Skua nesting pairs (apparently occupied territories) on Fair Isle in 1987 to 2013.</p

Atlantic Puffin survival and resighting probability estimates.

<p>A. Mean estimated adult Atlantic Puffin apparent survival probability (φ) and B. resighting probability (p) during 1987 to 2012. Estimates of φ and p are from models with random year effects on φ and p (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131527#pone.0131527.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> and see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131527#sec002" target="_blank">Methods</a>). Dashed lines represent ± 95% confidence intervals.</p