Anxiety, depression and stress in nurses working in intensive therapy units with COVID-19 patients, Mendoza, 2021

En contextos de pandemia, los trabajadores de la salud son especialmente vulnerables a los problemas de salud mental y a patologías graves. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron explorar y describir los niveles de ansiedad y depresión en el personal de enfermería que atiende pacientes con COVID-19 en unidades de terapia intensiva, y describir los indicadores de estrés en relación con su actividad laboral. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Muestra intencional de 52 enfermeros y enfermeras que trabajan en unidades de terapia intensiva para pacientes con COVID-19 en la Ciudad de Mendoza. Se aplicaron cuestionarios validados para evaluar la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés percibido. RESULTADOS: Se observaron niveles elevados de ansiedad en el 72,1% de la muestra, y depresión en el 13,5%. Los indicadores más elevados de estrés fueron: sentirse desanimado y cansado (80,8%), agotado mentalmente (76,9%), no sentir energía (73,1%) y sentir muchas preocupaciones (75%). Los indicadores favorables fueron: 76,9% no se siente obligado a hacer sus tareas; y 55,8% siente que realmente disfruta de su quehacer. DISCUSIÓN: Se observaron niveles elevados de ansiedad y depresión, y se identificaron indicadores de estrés relacionados con la tensión, el agotamiento físico-emocional y la sobrecarga laboral; se encontraron indicadores relacionados a factores protectores dentro del ámbito laboral. Se analizan los datos preliminares sobre el malestar emocional del personal de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19.In pandemic contexts, health workers are especially vulnerable to mental health problems and risky pathologies. Objectives of the study: 1) to explore and describe levels of anxiety and depression in intensive care unit nurses who work with COVID-19 patients and 2) to describe indicators of stress in relation to their work activity. METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Intentional sample of 52 nurses, of both sexes, who work in intensive care units COVID-19, Mendoza. Validated questionnaires were applied to assess anxiety, depression and perceived stress. RESULTS: high levels of anxiety in 72.1% of the sample and 13.5% of depression; Higher indicators of stress: feeling discouraged and tired (80.8%), mentally exhausted (76.9%), not feeling energy (73.1%), feeling very worried (75%); as favorable indicators: 76.9% do not feel that they do things out of obligation, 55.8% feel that they are doing things that they really like. DISCUSSION: High levels of anxiety and depression were observed and indicators of stress related to tension and physical-emotional exhaustion and work overload were identified; Indicators related to protective factors were found within the workplace. Preliminary data is discussed on the emotional distress of male and female nurses in times of pandemic by COVID-19.Fil: Torrecilla, Norma Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Janet, Victoria M.. Universidad del Aconcagua. Facultad de Psicología; ArgentinaFil: Richaud de Minzi, C.. Universidad Austral; Argentin

Anxiety, depression and stress in nurses working in intensive therapy units with COVID-19 patients, Mendoza, 2021

En contextos de pandemia, los trabajadores de la salud son especialmente vulnerables a los problemas de salud mental y a patologías graves. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron explorar y describir los niveles de ansiedad y depresión en el personal de enfermería que atiende pacientes con COVID-19 en unidades de terapia intensiva, y describir los indicadores de estrés en relación con su actividad laboral. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Muestra intencional de 52 enfermeros y enfermeras que trabajan en unidades de terapia intensiva para pacientes con COVID-19 en la Ciudad de Mendoza. Se aplicaron cuestionarios validados para evaluar la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés percibido. RESULTADOS: Se observaron niveles elevados de ansiedad en el 72,1% de la muestra, y depresión en el 13,5%. Los indicadores más elevados de estrés fueron: sentirse desanimado y cansado (80,8%), agotado mentalmente (76,9%), no sentir energía (73,1%) y sentir muchas preocupaciones (75%). Los indicadores favorables fueron: 76,9% no se siente obligado a hacer sus tareas; y 55,8% siente que realmente disfruta de su quehacer. DISCUSIÓN: Se observaron niveles elevados de ansiedad y depresión, y se identificaron indicadores de estrés relacionados con la tensión, el agotamiento físico-emocional y la sobrecarga laboral; se encontraron indicadores relacionados a factores protectores dentro del ámbito laboral. Se analizan los datos preliminares sobre el malestar emocional del personal de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19.In pandemic contexts, health workers are especially vulnerable to mental health problems and risky pathologies. Objectives of the study: 1) to explore and describe levels of anxiety and depression in intensive care unit nurses who work with COVID-19 patients and 2) to describe indicators of stress in relation to their work activity. METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Intentional sample of 52 nurses, of both sexes, who work in intensive care units COVID-19, Mendoza. Validated questionnaires were applied to assess anxiety, depression and perceived stress. RESULTS: high levels of anxiety in 72.1% of the sample and 13.5% of depression; Higher indicators of stress: feeling discouraged and tired (80.8%), mentally exhausted (76.9%), not feeling energy (73.1%), feeling very worried (75%); as favorable indicators: 76.9% do not feel that they do things out of obligation, 55.8% feel that they are doing things that they really like. DISCUSSION: High levels of anxiety and depression were observed and indicators of stress related to tension and physical-emotional exhaustion and work overload were identified; Indicators related to protective factors were found within the workplace. Preliminary data is discussed on the emotional distress of male and female nurses in times of pandemic by COVID-19.Fil: Torrecilla, Norma Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Janet, Victoria M.. Universidad del Aconcagua. Facultad de Psicología; ArgentinaFil: Richaud de Minzi, C.. Universidad Austral; Argentin

Promotion of Resiliency in Children in Social Vulnerability: An Approach from Positive Psychology

The present chapter presents the concept of resilience based on person's resources and that of social vulnerability as a context at risk for child development and especially for brain development. The characteristics of resilient children and the possibilities of generate those resources in all children at risk will be analyzed through the revision of two great works on resiliency developed in Latin America: that done by the Van Leer Foundation that involved four programs developed in three Andean zones (Chile, Peru and Argentina) and in the shantytowns in Maranhão, Brazil; and another developed with the support of CONICET and the Argentina Ministry of Science, Technology, and Productive Innovation , in children in high risk situations of urban marginality.Fil: Richaud, Maria Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Lemos, Viviana Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi". Grupo Vinculado CIIPME - Entre Ríos - Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi"; Argentin

Links between perception of parental actions and prosocial behavior in early adolescence

We analyzed the links between parental styles, practices, and empathy and specific forms of prosocial behaviors in early adolescence. The Argentine scale of perception of relationships with parents for children and young adolescents, prosocial tendencies measure, parenting practices measure, and children’s perception of parental empathy were administered to a sample of 289 middle class children, aged 10–16, of both sexes, from primary and secondary schools in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Correlations and hierarchical regressions were used to examine (1) relationships between parental styles, children’s perception of parental empathy, parental practices, and children’s prosocial behavior, (2) the amount of unique prediction from parental styles, children’s perception of parental empathy, and parental practices to children’s prosocial behavior. Results indicated that different aspects of parental actions (parental styles, practice, and empathy) have a differential relation according to the type of prosocial behavior involved. When taking these three kinds of parental behavior into account, parental styles are related to public and responsive aspects especially through extreme control by the mother. Parental practices, in turn, are related mainly with anonymous and altruistic aspects, but with this latter negatively. Finally, adolescents’ perception of parental empathy explains added variance in all the cases, though to a lesser extent.Fil: Richaud, Maria Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J.a Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Mesurado, Maria Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J.a Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Lemos, Viviana Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J.a Rimoldi; Argentin

The varying roles of parents and the cognitive–emotional variables regarding the different types of adolescent prosocial behavior

Abstract: This article studies the relationship between parental variables (authoritative parental style, maternal and paternal challenges), empathy, and prosocial flow with different types of prosocial behaviors (prosocial behaviors toward different targets and different motivations of prosocial behavior). The sample included 539 students of both sexes (42.5% males; Mage¼ 19.13 years old, SD ¼ 1.92). The hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that prosocial behaviors toward family, followed by toward friends, are motivated to a much greater extent by the parental variable than by empathy and prosocial flow. Conversely, when the prediction of prosocial behavior toward strangers was analyzed, the variables that had greater weight were prosocial flow and empathy. In relation to prosocial tendencies, the results showed that parental variables, empathy, and prosocial flow explained a similar percentage of variables in the different types of public, responsive, altruist, and anonymous prosocial tendencies

Perception of Parenting Style by Children with ADHD and Its Relation with Inattention, Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Externalizing Symptoms

Children’s perception of their parents’ behavior is very important for their adjustment. Raising a child with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can be particularly challenging. However, little is known about how children with ADHD perceive their parents’ childrearing style. The main purpose of this paper is to study how children with ADHD perceive acceptance and control in parent–child relationships and this perception’s relationship with inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and externalizing behaviors. Participants were children between 7 and 13 years old with ADHD who were attending psychotherapy (ADHD), children without ADHD who were attending psychotherapy (APG), and children with unknown ADHD status who were not attending psychotherapy (NPG). Furthermore, one parent of each child participated in the study. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that children with ADHD perceived higher levels of pathological control in their relationships with their mothers than did APG and NPG children. NPG children perceived higher extreme autonomy than ADHD and APG children. Linear regression analyses revealed that the perception of pathological parental control and extreme autonomy predicted externalizing symptoms in children with ADHD. The perception of maternal acceptance and pathological control predicted inattention in APG children. Also, perceived maternal pathological control and perceived paternal acceptance predicted externalizing symptoms in APG children. Thus, these results show the importance of taking into account children’s perception of their relationships with their parents in addition to parental reports of their own behavior.Fil: Molina, María Fernanda. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Musich, Francisco Martín. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos "Eva Perón"; Argentina. Universidad Favaloro; Argentin