The Politics of Memory in Post-War Europe

The University Archives has determined that this item is of continuing value to OSU's history.Richard Ned Lebow is the James O. Freedman Presidential Professor of Government at Dartmouth College and fellow of the Centre of International Studies at the University of Cambridge. He will lecture on "The Politics of Memory in Post-War Europe."Ohio State University. Mershon Center for International Security StudiesEvent webpage, photo

Counterfactuals, history and fiction

'Kontrafaktische Überlegungen helfen uns, die Zufälligkeit vieler Ergebnisse in der Politik zu erkennen, die Ursachen und Kontingenz dieser Resultate zu testen und sie durch einen Kontrast mit anderen möglichen Ergebnissen und Konsequenzen auf die Probe zu stellen. Noch wichtiger aber ist, dass kontrafaktisches Denken uns bewusst machen kann, in welchem Grad unser Welt- und Geschichtsbild selbst ein Ergebnis von Rückschlüssen sind, die aufgrund kontingenter Annahmen gezogen wurden. Diese Erkenntnis kann uns helfen, einen Moment unsere eigene Welt zu verlassen und sie aus einer anderen Perspektive zu betrachten.' (Autorenreferat)'Counterfactuals help us recognize the contingent nature of many political outcomes, probe the causes and contingency of these outcomes and evaluate them by imagining other outcomes and their consequences. Most importantly, counterfactuals have the potential to make us aware of the extent to which our deepest held assumptions about how the world works are themselves the result of inferences drawn from contingent outcomes. This recognition can help us step outside of our world and view it from perspectives.' (author's abstract

Failure to regulate: counterproductive recruitment of top-down prefrontal-subcortical circuitry in major depression

Although depressed mood is a normal occurrence in response to adversity in all individuals, what distinguishes those who are vulnerable to major depressive disorder (MDD) is their inability to effectively regulate negative mood when it arises. Investigating the neural underpinnings of adaptive emotion regulation and the extent to which such processes are compromised in MDD may be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of depression. We report results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study demonstrating left-lateralized activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) when downregulating negative affect in nondepressed individuals, whereas depressed individuals showed bilateral PFC activation. Furthermore, during an effortful affective reappraisal task, nondepressed individuals showed an inverse relationship between activation in left ventrolateral PFC and the amygdala that is mediated by the ventromedial PFC (VMPFC). No such relationship was found for depressed individuals, who instead show a positive association between VMPFC and amygdala. Pupil dilation data suggest that those depressed patients who expend more effort to reappraise negative stimuli are characterized by accentuated activation in the amygdala, insula, and thalamus, whereas nondepressed individuals exhibit the opposite pattern. These findings indicate that a key feature underlying the pathophysiology of major depression is the counterproductive engagement of right prefrontal cortex and the lack of engagement of left lateral-ventromedial prefrontal circuitry important for the downregulation of amygdala responses to negative stimuli

In Search of Ourselves: The Politics and Ethics of Identity

Streaming video requires Flash Player, RealPlayer, or Windows Media Player to view.Lebow's research interests include international relations theory, conflict management, psychological models of learning, philosophy of social science, conflict prevention, regional conflict, bargaining and negotiation, and methodologies including case studies, psychological experiments, and scenario generation.Ohio State University. Mershon Center for International Security StudiesEvent Web page, streaming video, event photo