Cooperación internacional para el desarrollo entre pasado, presente y futuro: Agenda 2030 a prueba

Tassara, Carlo. Cooperación internacional para el desarrollo: gobierno, economía y sociedad. Evolución de las políticas y escenarios futuros. Universidad de La Salle, 2016. 132 págs.Agudelo Taborda, Jairo y Rodríguez Albor, Gustavo (eds.). La cooperación internacional en transición 2015-2030. Análisis global y experiencias para Colombia. Universidad de San Buenaventura,2016. 226 págs.

Analytical and experimental FWHM of a gamma camera: theoretical and practical issues

It is well known that resolution on a gamma camera varies as a function of distance, scatter and the camera\u2019s characteristics (collimator type, crystal thickness, intrinsic resolution etc). Manufacturers frequently provide only a few pre-calculated resolution values (using a line source in air, 10\u201315 cm from the collimator surface and without scattering). However, these are typically not obtained in situations resembling a clinical setting. From a diagnostic point of view, it is useful to know the expected resolution of a gamma camera at a given distance from the collimator surface for a particular setting in order to decide whether it is worth scanning patients with \u201csmall lesion\u201d or not. When dealing with absolute quantification it is also mandatory to know precisely the expected resolution and its uncertainty in order to make appropriate corrections. Aim. Our aims are: to test a novel mathematical approach, the cubic spline interpolation, for the extraction of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) from the acquisition of a line source (experimental resolution) also considering measurement uncertainty; to compare it with the usually adopted methods such as the gaussian approach; to compare it with the theoretical resolution (analytical resolution) of a gamma camera at different distances; to create a web-based educational program with which to test these theories. Methods. Three mathematical methods (direct calculation, global interpolation using gaussian and local interpolation using splines) for calculatingFWHMfroma line source (planar scintigraphy) were tested and compared. A NEMA Triple Line Source Phantom was used to obtain static images both in air and with different scattering levels. An advanced, open-source software (MATLAB/Octave and PHP based) was created \u201cad hoc\u201d to obtain and compareFWHMvalues and relative uncertainty. Results and Conclusion. Local interpolation using splines proved faster and more reliable than the usually-adopted Gaussian interpolation. The proposed freely available software proved effective in assessing bothFWHMand its uncertainty

El acorde que muere cuando nace. Alteridad y ética del cuerpo sin órganos en la improvisación de jazz

We enter these processes of subjectivation in which the jazz musician experiences in himself other forms of corporeality, which are settled between subjection to schemes (Bourdieu) and breakup of the corsets by a theatricality on stage (Artaud). Apparently, in improvisation what is subversive and the reification of the musician as a free author take priority; nevertheless, we empirically observe a plural corporeality that goes beyond the space of the scene and that facilitates that all the actors (musicians, technicians, audience and researchers) take part in the process of creation. We found a solidarity network that continuously displaces the fixed points where music circulates; thus, when a musician is short of breath, his partner takes over. If what is fundamental in the praxis of music is the continuous alternatives it offers, we conclude with an ethical reflection on the transitory nature of music and its kairological temporality, in which the musician, feeling the briefness of the instant of the note that dies when it is born, joins the insignificance of his human condition.Nos adentramos en esos procesos de subjetivación en los que el músico de jazz experimenta en sí otras formas de corporalidad, que se dirimen entre sujeción a esquemas (Bourdieu) y ruptura de los corsés por una teatralidad en escena (Artaud). Aparentemente, en la improvisación prima lo subversivo y la reificación del músico como autor libre; sin embargo, observamos empíricamente una corporalidad plural que trasciende el espacio de la escena y que facilita que todos los actores (músicos, técnicos, público e investigadores) intervengan en el proceso de creación. Hallamos una red de solidaridad que desplaza continuamente los puntos fijos por donde transita la música; así, cuando a un músico le falta el aire, su compañero le da el relevo. Si lo fundamental en la praxis de la música son las continuas alternativas que ofrece, concluimos con una reflexión ética sobre la naturaleza transitoria de la música y su temporalidad kairológica, en la que el músico, sintiendo la brevedad del instante de la nota que muere cuando nace, se reencuentra con lo insignificante de la que está hecha su condición humana

Nine ideas to improve the clinical management of HIV infected patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

Globally, in 2019, HIV infection was still responsible for 1.7 million new infections 2.2 and for 690,000 deaths in the same year. Tailored and new antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, individualised follow-up and new technologies to support data-sharing between health—care professional caring for people living with HIV (PLHIV) and to deliver ART to patients are desperately needed to reach the 90-90-90-90 ambitious goals. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, responsible for the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic that spread globally in 2020, posed a huge challenge for PLHIV and HIV physicians worldwide in terms of continuum of care.In this paper we encourage “up-to-date patient-centred HIV medicine” and we give nine ideas to improve HIV management in clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic

Coordinating Pluggable Transceiver Control in SONiC-based Disaggregated Packet-Optical Networks

Effective control of pluggable transceivers in SONiC-based packet-optical nodes is demonstrated. A workflow for multi-layer recovery upon soft failure detection is validated, showing no traffic disruption and fast node-driven coordination between packet and optical operations

Enabling hierarchical control of coherent pluggable transceivers in SONiC packet–optical nodes

Traditional metro networks are composed of packet switching nodes (i.e., routers) interconnected by optical transport links. In this scenario, the packet and optical domains are clearly separated, using dedicated controllers. Standalone muxponders/transponders will be replaced in optical metro and transport networks by the utilization of hybrid packet-optical nodes equipped with coherent pluggable transceivers. Thus, the traditional packet control plane is unable to manage and fully support the specific optical parameters required to configure such pluggable modules. Moreover, the coordination between the optical and packet layers within this hybrid node has not been standardized yet and requires careful design to enable effective management of connectivity services. This paper proposes two software-defined networking (SDN)-based hierarchical solutions to coordinate and control coherent pluggable transceivers in a multi-layer network exploiting hybrid packet-optical nodes. The two solutions have been designed and validated focusing on the pluggable module configuration and the communication within the SDN hierarchical architecture. An experimental testbed including two packet-optical nodes, running an extended version of the open-source Software for Open Networking in the Cloud (SONiC) operating system, is deployed to show the effectiveness of the two solutions, with a deep analysis of the time required to set up end-to-end connections spanning the packet and optical domains