Hydrologic Investigations of Small Watersheds in Ohio: Terminal Report Phase I: 1966-1969

(print) iii, 69 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.Traditional statistical, analytical techniques and deterministic models were used to study runoff phenomena from agricultural and strip-mined areas at the North Appalachia Experimental Watersheds Station near Coshocton, Ohio. Agricultural land use and surface strip mining were found to influence the hydrology of the watershed and the physical and chemical quality of the runoff water. Peak runoff rates were predicted using the standard formulas and with the Stanford and Purdue computer models. The latter were modified and input parameters had to be developed before using them. A basic study to better understand the fundamental phenomena and the mechanics of runoff were studied. Small watersheds were defined as watersheds whose hydrology is modified with agricultural and industrial practices on the land during a year's time.Foreword -- Introduction -- General Description of the Study Area -- The Influence of Land Use and Treatment on the Hydrology of Small Watersheds -- Instrumentation of a Strip-Mine Study Area for Hydrologic Investigations -- Applicability of Runoff Formulas to Coshocton Watershed -- Application of the Stanford Streamflow Similation Model to Agricultural Watersheds -- A Stochastic Approach to Overland Flow -- Runoff Simulation with a Model Developed by Huggins and Monke -- Reference

Perbedaan Kompetensi Sosial Anak Berdasarkan Tipe Pendidikan Prasekolah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran tipe pendidikan prasekolah dalam kompetensi sosial anak. Dua hipotesis diajukan untuk menguji perbedaan kompetensi sosial anak dengan tipe pendidikan prasekolah penuh waktu dan paruh waktu. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 209 orang anak usia lima sampai dengan enam tahun yang mengikuti salah satu tipe pendidikan prasekolah (paruh waktu atau penuh waktu) yang berasal dari enam Taman Kanak-kanak di Yogyakarta (Budi Mulia I Kaliurang, Primagama Kaliurang, ABA Purwodiningratan, Nurul Islam Ringroad Barat, BIAS Kaliurang, dan Budi Mulia Dua Seturan). Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunaka skala kompetensi sosial, kuesioner keluarga dan dokumentasi sekolah. Skala kompetensi sosial dinilai oleh guru kelas dengan menggunakan teknik interrater. Jumlah item pada skala kompetensi sosial adalah 30 item. Setelah uji coba terdapat 4 item yang gugur. Daya beda item berkisar dari 0,303-0,581 dengan angka reliabilitas 0,890. Sedangkan nilai reliabilitas antar rater berkisar antara 0,867-0,998. Hasil ANCOVA, diperoleh kesimpulan hasil penelitian bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan kompetensi sosial anak dengan tipe pendidikan prasekolah paruh waktu dan penuh waktu. Kompetensi sosial anak dengan tipe pendidikan prasekolah penuh waktu lebih tinggi daripada kompetensi sosial anak dengan tipe pendidikan prasekolah paruh waktu (F = 21,612; p = 0,000). (2) tidak ada korelasi antara kompetensi sosial anak yang berusia lima tahun sampai dengan enam tahun (F = 1,781; p = 0,184)

Kelvin Wave Cascade and Decay of Superfluid Turbulence

Kelvin waves (kelvons)--the distortion waves on vortex lines--play a key part in the relaxation of superfluid turbulence at low temperatures. We present a weak-turbulence theory of kelvons. We show that non-trivial kinetics arises only beyond the local-induction approximation and is governed by three-kelvon collisions; corresponding kinetic equation is derived. On the basis of the kinetic equation, we prove the existence of Kolmogorov cascade and find its spectrum. The qualitative analysis is corroborated by numeric study of the kinetic equation. The application of the results to the theory of superfluid turbulence is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Size Tracers

We examine the dependence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) band intensity ratios as a function of the average number of carbon atoms and assess their effectiveness as tracers for PAH size, utilising the data, models, and tools provided by the NASA Ames PAH Infrared Spectroscopic Database. To achieve this, we used spectra from mixtures of PAHs of different ionisation fractions, following a size distribution. Our work, congruent with earlier findings, shows that band ratios that include the 3.3 ${\mu}$m PAH band provide the best PAH size tracers for small-to-intermediate sized PAHs. In addition, we find that band ratios that include the sum of the 15-20 ${\mu}$m PAH features (I$_{\Sigma_{15-20}}$) and the 6.2 or 7.7 ${\mu}$m bands also serve as good tracers for PAH size in the case of small-to-intermediate sized PAHs, for objects under a similar PAH size distribution as with the presented models. For different PAH size distributions, the application of a scaling factor to the I$_{6.2}$/I$_{\Sigma_{15-20}}$ ratio can provide estimates for the size of the small-to-intermediate PAH population within sources. Employment of the I$_{6.2}$/I$_{\Sigma_{15-20}}$ and I$_{7.7}$/I$_{\Sigma_{15-20}}$ ratios can be of particular interest for JWST observations limited only to $\sim$ 5-28 ${\mu}$m MIRI(-MRS) coverage.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRA

The integrability of Lie-invariant geometric objects generated by ideals in the Grassmann algebra

We investigate closed ideals in the Grassmann algebra serving as bases of Lie-invariant geometric objects studied before by E. Cartan. Especially, the E. Cartan theory is enlarged for Lax integrable nonlinear dynamical systems to be treated in the frame work of the Wahlquist Estabrook prolongation structures on jet-manifolds and Cartan-Ehresmann connection theory on fibered spaces. General structure of integrable one-forms augmenting the two-forms associated with a closed ideal in the Grassmann algebra is studied in great detail. An effective Maurer-Cartan one-forms construction is suggested that is very useful for applications. As an example of application the developed Lie-invariant geometric object theory for the Burgers nonlinear dynamical system is considered having given rise to finding an explicit form of the associated Lax type representation

Physical Activity, Obesity, Family History, and their Associations with Hypertension among The Elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh

Background: Hypertension is an important global health challenge due to its high prevalence and resulting cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity, obesity, family history, with hypertension among the elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study carried out in Aceh Singkil, Aceh. A sample of 132 elderly was selected for this study, consisting 66 elderly with hypertension and 66 elderly without hypertension. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were physical activity, obesity, and family history. Hypertension data was measured by sphygmomanometer. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression model. Results: Hypertension was associated with physical inactivity (OR= 5.12; 95% CI= 2.41 to 10.86; p<0.001), obesity (OR= 3.30; 95% CI= 1.61 to 6.74; p<0.001), and family history (OR= 7.73; 95% CI= 3.56 to 16.78; p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical inactivity, obesity, and family history, are associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Keywords: physical activity, obesity, family history, hypertensio

Lie group analysis of a generalized Krichever-Novikov differential-difference equation

The symmetry algebra of the differential--difference equation $$\dot u_n = [P(u_n)u_{n+1}u_{n-1} + Q(u_n)(u_{n+1}+u_{n-1})+ R(u_n)]/(u_{n+1}-u_{n-1}),$$ where $P$, $Q$ and $R$ are arbitrary analytic functions is shown to have the dimension 1 \le \mbox{dim}L \le 5. When $P$, $Q$ and $R$ are specific second order polynomials in $u_n$ (depending on 6 constants) this is the integrable discretization of the Krichever--Novikov equation. We find 3 cases when the arbitrary functions are not polynomials and the symmetry algebra satisfies \mbox{dim}L=2. These cases are shown not to be integrable. The symmetry algebras are used to reduce the equations to purely difference ones. The symmetry group is also used to impose periodicity $u_{n+N}=u_n$ and thus to reduce the differential--difference equation to a system of $N$ coupled ordinary three points difference equations