On the efficiency of a genetic algorithm for the multiprocessor scheduling problem

In the multiprocessor scheduling problem a given program is to be scheduled in a given multiprocessor system such that the program's execution time is minimized. This problem being very hard to solve exactly, many heuristic methods for finding a suboptimal schedule exist. An efficient genetic algorithm which introduces some knowledge about the scheduling problem represented by the use of a list heuristic in the crossover and mutation genetic operations was recently proposed [3] in this paper we investigate the efficiency of this genetic algorithm from a theoretical point of view. In particular , we demonstrate the ability of the knowledge-augmented crossover operator to generate all the space of feasible solutions

Partially ordered distributed computations on asynchronous point-to-point networks

Asynchronous executions of a distributed algorithm differ from each other due to the nondeterminism in the order in which the messages exchanged are handled. In many situations of interest, the asynchronous executions induced by restricting nondeterminism are more efficient, in an application-specific sense, than the others. In this work, we define partially ordered executions of a distributed algorithm as the executions satisfying some restricted orders of their actions in two different frameworks, those of the so-called event- and pulse-driven computations. The aim of these restrictions is to characterize asynchronous executions that are likely to be more efficient for some important classes of applications. Also, an asynchronous algorithm that ensures the occurrence of partially ordered executions is given for each case. Two of the applications that we believe may benefit from the restricted nondeterminism are backtrack search, in the event-driven case, and iterative algorithms for systems of linear equations, in the pulse-driven case

An integer programming approach for the 2-class single-group classification problem

Two sets XB, XR ⊆ Rd are linearly separable if their convex hulls are disjoint, implying that a hyperplane separating XB from XR exists. Such a hyperplane provides a method for classifying new points, according to the side of the hyperplane in which the new points lie. In this work we consider a particular case of the 2-class classification problem, which asks to select the maximum number of points from XB and XR in such a way that the selected points are linearly separable. We present an integer programming formulation for this problem, explore valid inequalities for the associated polytope, and develop a cutting plane approach coupled with a lazy-constraints scheme.Fil: Corrêa, Ricardo C.. Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Blaum, Manuela. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; ArgentinaFil: Marenco, Javier Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; ArgentinaFil: Koch, Ivo Valerio. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; ArgentinaFil: Mydlarz, Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaLatin-American Algorithms, Graphs and Optimization Symposium (LAGOS 2019)Belo HorizonteBrasilCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Técnologico do BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerai

Phylogenetic relationships within the speciose family Characidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) based on multilocus analysis and extensive ingroup sampling

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>With nearly 1,100 species, the fish family Characidae represents more than half of the species of Characiformes, and is a key component of Neotropical freshwater ecosystems. The composition, phylogeny, and classification of Characidae is currently uncertain, despite significant efforts based on analysis of morphological and molecular data. No consensus about the monophyly of this group or its position within the order Characiformes has been reached, challenged by the fact that many key studies to date have non-overlapping taxonomic representation and focus only on subsets of this diversity.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the present study we propose a new definition of the family Characidae and a hypothesis of relationships for the Characiformes based on phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences of two mitochondrial and three nuclear genes (4,680 base pairs). The sequences were obtained from 211 samples representing 166 genera distributed among all 18 recognized families in the order Characiformes, all 14 recognized subfamilies in the Characidae, plus 56 of the genera so far considered <it>incertae sedis </it>in the Characidae. The phylogeny obtained is robust, with most lineages significantly supported by posterior probabilities in Bayesian analysis, and high bootstrap values from maximum likelihood and parsimony analyses.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A monophyletic assemblage strongly supported in all our phylogenetic analysis is herein defined as the Characidae and includes the characiform species lacking a supraorbital bone and with a derived position of the emergence of the hyoid artery from the anterior ceratohyal. To recognize this and several other monophyletic groups within characiforms we propose changes in the limits of several families to facilitate future studies in the Characiformes and particularly the Characidae. This work presents a new phylogenetic framework for a speciose and morphologically diverse group of freshwater fishes of significant ecological and evolutionary importance across the Neotropics and portions of Africa.</p

Effects of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation on a rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) extract rich in rosmarinic acid

The potential phytochemical losses occurring throughout the sequential steps of in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation of a rosemary aqueous extract were investigated. Crude (CE), digested (DE) and fermented (FE) extracts were characterized in terms of their phenolic profile and biological activities. Rosmarinic acid was the phytochemical that underwent the most significate transformation during digestion and fermentation, which amounted to 60% compared to the 26% degradation of the total phenolics. Overall, the simulated digestion step decreased the antioxidant activity estimated by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, ORAC and TBARS assays. Both CE and DE did not present antiproliferative potential, however, FE exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic activity (GI50 = 116 µg/mL) against HeLa cells. CE and DE showed to be moderate inhibitors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), S. aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, whilst the FE acted as a moderate inhibitor of MRSA and MSSA.G.A. Gonçalves and V.G. Correa thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the financial support provided for their post-graduate studies in the State University of Maringá. R.C.G. Corrêa thanks Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologia ( CNPq ) for financing her postdoctoral research at State University of Maringá (Process number 167378/2017-1). R.M. Peralta (Project number 307944/2015-8) and A. Bracht (Project number 304090/2016-6) are CNPq research grant recipients. The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013), L. Barros and R. Calhelha contracts; and also thank to FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme for financial support through the project 0377_Iberphenol_6_E. Appendix Ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio