Функціонування оцінних форм прикметників із префіксом пре-: відображення аксіологічних смислів (Functioning of the evaluative forms of the adjectives with the prefix pre-: display of the axiological meanings)

У статті розглянуто особливості функціонування оцінних форм прикметників української мови із префіксом пре- в різних видах дискурсу. (The article describes features of functioning of the evaluative forms of adjectives of Ukrainian language with prefix pre- in different types of discourse. The purpose of the article is to describe the functioning of the evaluative forms of adjectives with the prefix pre-, analyze peculiarities of the expression with their help a number of pragmatic values. Potential abilities of the prefix pre- for the combination with the basics of the vast majority of quality and sometimes relative adjectives and ability of these derivatives to transfer not only quantitative gradation of characteristics of the object, but also to actualize connotative and axiological component in the structure of lexeme are considered. Also cases of the modification of the meaning of adjectives, naming colours with prefix pre- are considered. Modification of the quantitative expression of characteristics of the object by such adjective leads to its increase and introduces such words to a functional-semantic field of intensity. The usage of the prefix pre- in the religious discourse, in colloquial speech and in the language of journalism is also regarded in the article. Pragmatic potential, primarily axiological one of such forms is analyzed. It is stated that a large number of uncodified by dictionaries author’s adjectives with prefix pre- makes it possible to conclude that certain word-formation trends have appeared at the modern state of development of the Ukrainian language.

Sharp changes of solar wind ion flux and density within and outside current sheets

Analysis of the Interball-1 spacecraft data (1995-2000) has shown that the solar wind ion flux sometimes increases or decreases abruptly by more than 20% over a time period of several seconds or minutes. Typically, the amplitude of such sharp changes in the solar wind ion flux (SCIFs) is larger than 0.5x10^8 cm^-2 s^-1. These sudden changes of the ion flux were also observed by the Solar Wind Experiment (SWE), on board the WIND spacecraft, as the solar wind density increases and decreases with negligible changes in the solar wind velocity. SCIFs occur irregularly at 1 AU, when plasma flows with specific properties come to the Earth's orbit. SCIFs are usually observed in slow, turbulent solar wind with increased density and interplanetary magnetic field strength. The number of times SCIFs occur during a day is simulated using the solar wind density, magnetic field, and their standard deviations as input parameters for a period of 5 years. A correlation coefficient of ~0.7 is obtained between the modelled and the experimental data. It is found that SCIFs are not associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs), corotating interaction regions (CIRs), or interplanetary shocks; however, 85% of the sector boundaries are surrounded by SCIFs. The properties of the solar wind plasma for days with 5 or more SCIF observations are the same as those of the solar wind plasma at the sector boundaries. One possible explanation for the occurrence of SCIFs (near sector boundaries) is magnetic reconnection at the heliospheric current sheet or local current sheets. Other probable causes of SCIFs (inside sectors) are turbulent processes in the slow solar wind and at the crossings of flux tubes.Comment: 33 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, Solar Physics 2011, in pres

Analysis of Public Discussions in Social Media as a Method for Studying Social Issues

The study of social problems using the analysis of the public sphere gained scientific legitimacy with the constructivist approach during the era when television was the predominant medium. The advent of social media has transformed the public space, altering the way in which discussions concerning social issues are organized. This article examines the advantages and limitations of constructivism in studying social problems and the elements constituting public discussions on social media. We searched whether analyzing public discourse could reveal the persistence of social issues. To exemplify the use of this method for studying discussions on social media, we analyzed how network users discussed the issue of personnel shortages, from November 2022 to February 2023. During this period, the most pressing issues proved to be shortages of professionals in healthcare, housing and communal services, secondary education, transport, defense industry and IT sectors. The research indicates that a crucial marker of a persistent social problem in people’s daily lives is the involvement of “ordinary” citizens as speakers who draw significant attention to the issue. This finding corroborates the democratizing impact of social media on the structure of the public sphere

Medical and social work with pregnant women in difficult life situations

The article deals with the position of women during pregnancy, who are in a difficult life situation. What problems can a woman face in this period and is it possible to solve them, the role of medical and social work with pregnant women in difficult life situations.В статье рассмотрены положения женщин во время беременности, которые находятся в трудной жизненной ситуации. С какими проблемами можно столкнуться в данный период женщина и возможно ли их разрешить, роль медико-социальной работы с беременными женщинами, находящимися в трудной жизненной ситуаци

Щодо питання принципів професійної підготовки кадрів поліції зарубіжних країн

Рязанцева, І. М. Щодо питання принципів професійної підготовки кадрів поліції зарубіжних країн / Рязанцева І. М. // Підготовка поліцейських в умовах реформування системи МВС України : зб. наук. пр. [конф. (м. Харків, 28 трав. 2021 р.)] / МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ, Каф. тактич. та спец.-фіз. підгот. ф-ту № 2. – Харків : ХНУВС, 2021. – С. 87-88.В тезах здійснено аналіз принципів професійної підготовки поліцейських зарубіжних країн. Наголошено на необхідності запровадження їх у систему професійної підготовки Національної поліції України, оскільки це визначає рівень розвитку та наближення до європейських стандартів професійної підготовки кваліфікованих поліцейських кадрів в Україні.The abstracts analyze the principles of professional training of foreign police officers. It is emphasized the need to introduce them into the training system of the National Police of Ukraine, as it determines the level of development and approximation to European standards of training of qualified police personnel in Ukraine.В тезисах осуществлен анализ принципов профессиональной подготовки полицейских зарубежных стран. Отмечена необходимость введения их в систему профессиональной подготовки Национальной полиции Украины, поскольку это определяет уровень развития и приближения к европейским стандартам профессиональной подготовки квалифицированных полицейских кадров в Украине

Pressure balance at the magnetopause: Experimental studies

The pressure balance at the magnetopause is formed by magnetic field and plasma in the magnetosheath, on one side, and inside the magnetosphere, on the other side. In the approach of dipole earth's magnetic field configuration and gas-dynamics solar wind flowing around the magnetosphere, the pressure balance predicts that the magnetopause distance R depends on solar wind dynamic pressure Pd as a power low R ~ Pd^alpha, where the exponent alpha=-1/6. In the real magnetosphere the magnetic filed is contributed by additional sources: Chapman-Ferraro current system, field-aligned currents, tail current, and storm-time ring current. Net contribution of those sources depends on particular magnetospheric region and varies with solar wind conditions and geomagnetic activity. As a result, the parameters of pressure balance, including power index alpha, depend on both the local position at the magnetopause and geomagnetic activity. In addition, the pressure balance can be affected by a non-linear transfer of the solar wind energy to the magnetosheath, especially for quasi-radial regime of the subsolar bow shock formation proper for the interplanetary magnetic field vector aligned with the solar wind plasma flow.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Physics of Auroral Phenomena

Abstract. The nighttime region at geocentric distances ~7-10R E is ordinarily considered as the near tail region. However the results of observations including latest THEMIS mission clearly demonstrate the existence of surrounding the Earth plasma ring at these geocentric distances. The distribution of plasma pressure in the ring is near to azimuthally symmetric. Daytime compression of magnetic field lines and shift of minimal value of the magnetic field till high latitudes lead to splitting of daytime transverse currents in Z direction. As a result nighttime transverse currents in the surrounding the Earth plasma ring are concentrated near equator, daytime transverse currents are spread along compressed by solar wind field lines forming the cut ring current (CRC) which is the high latitude continuation of the ordinary ring current. CRC is supported by directed to the Earth plasma pressure gradients. The role of CRC in the development of magnetic storm and the creation of the Dst variation is analyzed. We stress that the development of partial ring current, which is one of the well-known features of magnetic storm, in the CRC region helps to eliminate paradox, appeared when it was suggested that tail current could have the considerable role in the Dst formation. The contribution CRC in the process of Dst formation during magnetic storms is evaluated for selected magnetic storms with known radial profile of plasma pressure. The magnetospheric substorm is one of the most extensively stydied magnetospheric phenomena for the most than 50 latest years. However the mechanism of observed energy explosion and localization of substorm onset continue to be widely discussed. We summarize the results of observations demonstrating the isolated substorm onset at geosentric distances smaller than 10R E . It is suggested that isolated substorm onset is localized in CRC