SPRAWL AND HUMAN MISERY: AN ECOMARXIST READING OF ARTHUR MILLER’S DEATH OF A SALESMAN

The study explores connection between emerging Markets and human misery in Death of a Salesman, focusing to prove Market reigns supremacy in the lives of Americans under the guise of ‘modernity’. The new Split in the personality of characters in the play is tallied to the ‘changing times’. The so-called progress has created an ‘industrialized world’ where the characters are unwillingly voyaging in the economic direction. The protagonists in the narrative are depicted as disconnected from the natural world, instead actively participating in market, pursuing marketecture, and contributing to the prevalence of consumerism within a society influenced by marketecture. The phenomenon emerges from urban sprawl disrupts the ecological equilibrium, leading to detrimental consequences for the individuals in United States. The phenomenon of urban expansion significantly impacts the development of characters and their outlook on life, exerting influences across many levels of society, ranging from private residences to larger communal spaces

Infiltrating syringomatous adenoma of nipple

Infiltrating syringomatous adenoma of the nipple is a rare, benign lesion with distinct clinical and histological features. Origin from ducts of dermal sweat glands has been postulated. Important differential diagnosis include nipple adenoma, tubular carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Appropriate local management includes accurate diagnosis and complete excision to avoid local recurrences. This report describes the condition in a 39-year-old parous lady

Uterine artery embolization combined with methotrexate for broad ligament ectopic pregnancy in a 30-year old primigravida

We present the case of 30-year old primigravida female at 11 weeks\u27 gestation who was diagnosed to have ectopic pregnancy on obstetric ultrasound. An MRI pelvis was ordered to assess invasion into the posterior myometrium which confirmed a single right-sided broad ligament-extra uterine pelvic ectopic pregnancy with extrinsic mass effect on the right lower uterine segment without frank myometrial invasion. On an urgent basis, a uterine artery embolization (UAE) was performed by targeting the right femoral artery. Selective catheterization was performed of both uterine arteries and the right side showed a major feeder of the gestational sac. Supplied dose of methotrexate (95mg) was infused in the right uterine artery and both arteries were then embolized by gel foam slurry. Thus, prompt treatment reduced the risk of infertility and saved the patient from obstetrical emergency. Further exploration needs to be done in this field to explore conservative management options to preserve fertility

Breast carcinoma with asymptomatic metastasis to the gallbladder

The biliary tract is an unusual site of metastasis from breast carcinoma, and this has rarely been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 42-year-old woman diagnosed with invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for an incidental finding of gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasonography, which was subsequently confirmed to be consistent with metastasis from the breast primary

Topological Structure of Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Data Analysis for Uncertain Supply Chains

From production to retail, the food supply chain (FSC) encompasses all stages of food production. Food is now transmitted across continents over long ranges. People depend on supply chains for basic necessities such as food, water, drinks, etc. Any disruption in these shipment pipelines poses a serious threat to human life. Supplier selection (SS) has been identified as a crucial component of FSC, which has been contemplated as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem in many studies. The failure of some specific MCDM problems is due to failure in contemplating the relationships between alternatives under uncertain circumstances. To address such challenges, we present a contemporary method for designating green suppliers based on single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy (SVNHF) information, in which the input assessment is taken into account using single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy numbers (SVNHFNs). The foremost purpose of this analysis is to construct a topological structure on single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy sets (SVNHFSs) as well as to validate several key properties with examples. We discuss certain properties of SVNHF topology such as the SVNHF closure, SVNHF interior, SVNHF exterior, and SVNHF frontier. We also examine the conceptualization of the SVNHF dense set and SVNHF base in SVNHF topology using comprehensive examples. Eventually, to demonstrate and validate the superiority and inferiority ranking (SIR) method and choice value (CV) method in terms of their rationality and scientific basis, a real-world example of supplier selection in a food supply chain is provided. A comparative analysis is also performed to discuss the symmetry, validity and advantage of the proposed techniques

Topological Data Analysis with Spherical Fuzzy Soft AHP-TOPSIS for Environmental Mitigation System

The idea of spherical fuzzy soft set (SFSS) is a new hybrid model of a soft set (SS) and spherical fuzzy set (SFS). An SFSS is a new approach for information analysis and information fusion, and fuzzy modeling. We define the concepts of spherical-fuzzy-soft-set topology (SFSS-topology) and spherical-fuzzy-soft-set separation axioms. Several characteristics of SFSS-topology are investigated and related results are derived. We developed an extended choice value method (CVM) and the AHP-TOPSIS (analytical hierarchy process and technique for the order preference by similarity to ideal solution) for SFSSs, and presented their applications in multiple-criteria group decision making (MCGDM). Moreover, an application of the CVM is presented in a stock market investment problem and another application of the AHP-TOPSIS is presented for an environmental mitigation system. The suggested methods are efficiently applied to investigate MCGDM through case studies

Topological Data Analysis with Spherical Fuzzy Soft AHP-TOPSIS for Environmental Mitigation System

The idea of spherical fuzzy soft set (SFSS) is a new hybrid model of a soft set (SS) and spherical fuzzy set (SFS). An SFSS is a new approach for information analysis and information fusion, and fuzzy modeling. We define the concepts of spherical-fuzzy-soft-set topology (SFSS-topology) and spherical-fuzzy-soft-set separation axioms. Several characteristics of SFSS-topology are investigated and related results are derived. We developed an extended choice value method (CVM) and the AHP-TOPSIS (analytical hierarchy process and technique for the order preference by similarity to ideal solution) for SFSSs, and presented their applications in multiple-criteria group decision making (MCGDM). Moreover, an application of the CVM is presented in a stock market investment problem and another application of the AHP-TOPSIS is presented for an environmental mitigation system. The suggested methods are efficiently applied to investigate MCGDM through case studies

Topological Data Analysis of m-Polar Spherical Fuzzy Information with LAM and SIR Models

The concept of m-polar spherical fuzzy sets (mPSFS) is a combination of m-polar fuzzy sets (mPFS) and spherical fuzzy sets (SFS). An mPSFS is an optimal strategy for addressing multipolarity and fuzziness in terms of ordered triples of positive membership grades (PMGs), negative membership grades (NMGs), and neutral grades (NGs). In this study, the innovative concept of m-polar spherical fuzzy topology (mPSF-topology) is proposed for data analysis and information aggregation. We look into the characteristics and results of mPSF-topology with the help of several examples. Topological structures on mPSFSs help with both the development of new artificial intelligence (AI) tools for different domain strategies and the study of different kinds of uncertainty in everyday life problems. These strategies make it possible to recognise and look into a situation early on, which helps professionals to reduce certain risks. In order to address various group decision-making issues in the m-polar spherical fuzzy domain, one suggestion has been to apply an extended linear assignment model (LAM) along with the SIR method known as superiority and inferiority ranking methodology in order to analyze road accident issues and dispute resolution. In addition, we examine the symmetry of optimal decision and perform a comparative study between the research carried out using the suggested methodology and several existing methods

Androgen receptor expressing metaplastic carcinoma cell line established from non-caucasian female patient

Background:Metaplastic carcinoma (MCa) is a rare entity of breast cancer (BCa) where tumor of epithelial origin manifests differentiation into non-glandular, mesenchymal phenotype. These tumors exhibit heterogeneity with spindle, squamous, chondroid or osseous differentiation. Majority of these tumors do not express estrogen or progesterone receptors and are negative for HER-2/neu gene amplification, limiting use of available targeted therapies. This may translate into poor clinical outcome in this subset of patients as opposed to triple negative subtype of breast cancer. Cancer cell lines have been proved to be a valuable tool in understanding pathogenesis of BCa and development of appropriate drugs. Considering tumor heterogeneity, selecting an appropriate cell line model is imperative to understand signaling mechanisms of each of the distinct sub-types of BCa.Aim of this study was to establish and characterize a BCa cell line from a non-caucasian Pakistani patient.Methodology:Cell line was established from primary culture of tumor tissue from a 65 year old Pakistani female patient diagnosed with T4N1M0 MCa of breast. Specimen was procured in Dulbecco\u27s Modified Eagle\u27s Medium and processed under sterile conditions by mincing and gentle pipetting followed by culturing in complete medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Epitheliod colonies were visualized after 3 weeks of culture, which were subsequently passaged and propagated. This cell line has been phenotypically and genotypically characterized using karyotyping, gene expression analysis, immunocytochemistry and florescent insitu hybridization (FISH).Results:Cell line has a human karyotype with multiploidy and population doubling time of 60 hours. Gene expression profiling revealed negative expression of ER, PR and positive expression of androgen receptor (AR) and HER-2/neu. FISH analysis was negative for HER-2/neu amplification. Both basal (cytokeratins 5, 14 & 19) and luminal markers (cytokeratin 8 & 18) are expressed at mRNA level along with myoepithelial markers (CD10, S100A7, p-cadherin, desmin, S100A4, S100A2 & α-SMA). In accordance with mesenchymal phenotype, it has low expression of e-cadherin and high expression of vimentin. Invasion assay revealed this cell line to be non-invasive forming spheroids. CAG repeat length of AR is 22 and AR has been found to be functional by luciferase reporter assay in response to treatment with dihydrotestosterone.Conclusions:We report a novel metaplastic carcinoma cell line from a nan-caucasian female patient with functional AR. Targeting AR signaling may be a promising therapeutic target in this rare sub-type of BCa

The UN Incheon strategy Implementation and the Pakistani quagmire; ground realities

Abstract “Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific” (ESCAP) is the regional developmental arm of “United Nations” (UN). There are over 650 million persons with disabilities (PWDs) living in the region. In 2012, the members of the ESCAP, including Pakistan gathered and launched the new decade of PWDs from 2013 to 2022 adopting the Incheon Strategy to “Make the Right Real” for PWDs, which is based on the “Convention on the rights of Persons with Disabilities” (CRPD) and aims to accelerate the disability inclusive development with 10 measurable time-bound goals and targets. The year 2017 marked the mid-point of the decade, and a “Government Members Report on the Implementation of Incheon Strategy” was submitted to UN-ESCAP by the member countries