11,161 research outputs found
CMB Anisotropies in the Presence of Extra Dimensions
We discuss the effect of the time evolution of extra dimensions on CMB
anisotropies and large-scale structure formation. We study the impact of scalar
fields in a low-energy effective description of a general class of brane world
models on the temperature anisotropy power spectrum. We show that when the
coupling between these scalar fields and matter evolves over cosmological
timescales, current observations of the CMB anisotropies can constrain
primordial values of the fields in a manner complementary to local, late-time
tests of gravity. We also present the effect of these fields on the
polarization anisotropy spectra and the growth of large-scale structure,
showing that future CMB observations will constrain theories of the Universe
involving extra dimensions even further.Comment: 17 pages, 15 figure
Varying Constants in Brane World Scenarios
Higher-dimensional theories imply that some constants, such as the
gravitational constant and the strength of the gauge-couplings, are not
fundamental constants. Instead they are related to the sizes of the
extra--dimensional space, which are moduli fields in the four--dimensional
effective theory. We study the cosmological evolution of the moduli fields
appearing in brane world scenarios and discuss the implications for varying
constants.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures; based on a talk given by C. van de Bruck
at JENAM 2002, Porto; typos correcte
Trust, temporality and systems: How do patients understand safety in primary care? Health Expectations
INTRODUCTION: Patient safety research has tended to focus on hospital settings, although most clinical encounters occur in primary care, and to emphasize practitioner errors, rather than patients' own understandings of safety. OBJECTIVE: To explore patients' understandings of safety in primary care. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with patients recruited from general practices in northwest England. Participants were asked basic socioâdemographic information; thereafter, topics were largely introduced by interviewees themselves. Transcripts were coded and analysed using NVivo10 (qualitative data software), following a process of constant comparison. RESULTS: Thirtyâeight people (14 men, 24 women) from 19 general practices in rural, small town and city locations were interviewed. Many of their concerns (about access, length of consultation, relationship continuity) have been discussed in terms of quality, but, in the interviews, were raised as matters of safety. Three broad themes were identified: (i) trust and psychoâsocial aspects of professionalâpatient relationships; (ii) choice, continuity, access, and the temporal underpinnings of safety; and (iii) organizational and systemsâlevel tensions constraining safety. DISCUSSION: Conceptualizations of safety included common reliance on a bureaucratic framework of accreditation, accountability, procedural rules and regulation, but were also individual and contextâdependent. For patients, safety is not just a property of systems, but personal and contingent and is realized in the interaction between doctor and patient. However, it is the systems approach that has dominated safety thinking, and patients' individualistic and relational conceptualizations are poorly accommodated within current service organization
Geologic analysis of ERTS-1 imagery for the State of New Mexico
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
A Prospective Study of Religiousness and Psychological Distress among Female Survivors of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
This prospective study examined the pathways by which religious involvement affected the postdisaster psychological functioning of women who survived Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The participants were 386 low-income, predominantly Black, single mothers. The women were enrolled in the study before the hurricane, providing a rare opportunity to document changes in mental health from before to after the storm, and to assess the protective role of religious involvement over time. Results of structural equation modeling indicated that, controlling for level of exposure to the hurricanes, pre-disaster physical health, age, and number of children, predisaster religiousness predicted higher levels of post-disaster (1) social resources and (2) optimism and sense of purpose. The latter, but not the former, was associated with better post-disaster psychological outcome. Mediation analysis confirmed the mediating role of optimism and sense of purpose
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