On the huntsman spider genera Sparianthina Banks, 1929 and Anaptomecus Simon, 1903 from South and Central America (Araneae, Sparassidae)

Th e huntsman spider genera Sparianthina Banks, 1929 and Anaptomecus Simon, 1903 are reviewed. Th e type species of Sparianthina, Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929, is redescribed, illustrated, and recorded from Costa Rica for the fi rst time; a lectotype and paralectotype are designated. Th ree species are transferred to the genus: Sparianthina pumilla (Keyserling, 1880) comb. n. from Heteropoda Latreille, 1804 (lectotype and paralectotype are designated), Sparianthina rufescens (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. n. from Anaptomecus and Sparianthina milleri (Caporiacco, 1955) comb. n. from Macrinus Simon, 1887. Th e ♂ of S. rufescens (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. n. and the ♀ of S. milleri comb. n. are described for the fi rst time. Th ree new species are described: Sparianthina adisi sp. n., S. deltshevi sp. n., and S. saaristoi sp. n. Th e male and female of Anaptomecus longiventris Simon, 1903 are described for the fi rst time and the species is recorded from Panama for the fi rst time. Two new species are described: Anaptomecus temii sp. n. and A. levyi sp. n.Fil: Jäger, Peter. Senckenberg Research Institute; AlemaniaFil: Rheims, Cristina Anne. Governo do Estado de Sao Paulo. Secretaria da Saude. Instituto Butantan; BrasilFil: Labarque, Facundo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

A new species of Decaphora Franganillo, 1931 (Araneae, Sparassidae, Sparianthinae) from Colombia, with an identification key for all known species of the genus

Rheims, Cristina Anne (2017): A new species of Decaphora Franganillo, 1931 (Araneae, Sparassidae, Sparianthinae) from Colombia, with an identification key for all known species of the genus. Zootaxa 4323 (3): 435-439, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4323.3.1

Adcatomus Karsch 1880

Adcatomus Karsch, 1880 Type species: A. ciudadus Karsch, 1880, by monotypy. Adcatomus Karsch, 1880: 386; Simon, 1897: 89 (Clubionidae); Petrunkevitch, 1928: 171 (Clubionidae); Roewer, 1954: 476 (Clubionidae); Bonnet, 1955: 158 (Clubionidae); Jäger, 2000: 238 (transf. to Sparassidae); Platnick, 2008. Spatala Simon, 1897: 37, 41, 43, 47 _(Type species: S. flavovittata Simon, 1897, by monotypy); Simon, 1903: 1023; Mello-Leitão, 1918: 39; Petrunkevitch, 1911: 512; 1928: 158; Roewer, 1954: 711; Bonnet, 1958: 4111; Platnick, 2008. New synonymy. Diagnosis. The males of Adcatomus are distinguished from those of the remaining Sparassidae by the chelicerae fang with a median indentation (Figs. 3–4) and by the male palp with a slightly spiraled tegulum, embolus bent ventrad and hidden behind a laminar triangular projection at base (Figs. 5–8). The females are distinguished by epigynum with strongly sclerotized median septum with a large, wide anterior atrium bearing the copulatory openings (Figs. 9, 15) and vulva with anterior part of plate-like copulatory ducts covering the spermathecae (Figs. 10, 16). Description. Total length (males and females) 12.7–20.4. Prosoma slightly longer than wide. Cephalic region slightly higher than thoracic region, gradually flattening posteriorly. Fovea conspicuous on posterior third of prosoma. Eyes arranged in two rows, anterior slightly recurved and posterior straight. AME slightly larger than ALE and farther apart from each other than laterals. PME slightly smaller than PLE in males and subequal in females, as distant from each other as from laterals. Clypeus low, less than AME diameter. Chelicerae three times longer than wide in males (Fig. 3), slightly shorter in females. Fang with a median constriction, most pronounced in males (Figs. 3–4). Cheliceral groove with two promarginal teeth, the basal one smallest, and four to six retromarginal teeth, three subequal and the remaining basal ones smaller (Figs. 4, 11). Intermarginal denticles, if present (Fig. 11), agglomerated at base of furrow. Ventrally with 7–8 long setae arranged in an irregular row at the base of fang. Labium rebordered, slightly longer than wide. Endites longer than wide, slightly convergent, with dense scopulae on internal margin. Serrula with a single row of strong denticles. Sternum as long as wide, slightly projected between coxae IV. Legs laterigrade (2143). Spination in males: femora I–III: p 1 - 1 - 1; d 0-1 - 1; r 1 - 1 - 1; femur IV: p 1 - 1 - 1; d 0-1 - 1; r0- 0-1; tibiae I–II: p 1 - 0-1; d 1 - 0-1; r 1 - 0- 1; v 2 - 2 - 2; tibiae III–IV: p 1 - 0-1; d0- 0-1; r 1 - 0-1; v 2 - 2 - 2; metatarsi I–III: p 1 - 1 -0; r 1 - 1 -0; v 2 - 2 -0; metatarsi IV: p 1 - 1-2; r 1 - 1-2; v 2 - 2 -0. Spination in females as in males except tibiae I–II: d0- 0-1. Metatarsi I–IV with trilobate membrane with median hook much more developed than lateral projections (Fig. 12). Tarsi and distal half of metatarsi scopulate. Trichobothria present on dorsal tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi, arranged in two parallel rows that converge to a single file on posterior half of tarsi and on metatarsi. Tarsi with pair of pectinate claws with 10–15 teeth (Fig. 13) and claw tufts. Female pedipalp with single unmodified claw similar to those of legs, but shorter and with 5–6 teeth (Fig. 14). Opisthosoma oval, longer than wide. Six spinnerets: ALS contiguous, conical and bi-segmented. Basal segment slightly elongate and cylindrical. Distal segment short and truncated. AMS conical and short. PLS conical and bi-segmented. Basal segment elongate and cylindrical. Distal segment short and truncated. Male palp. Tibia elongate, almost as long as cymbium, with three prolateral, one dorsal and one retrolateral spines. RTA small and triangular. Cymbium with round basal alveolus. Bulb with slightly spiraled tegulum (Figs. 5–6). Embolus long and filiform with tip hidden behind large, laminar projection, proximally with thin and elongate tooth, at base (Figs. 5–8). Conductor hyaline and laminar hidden behind embolus projection (Fig. 8). Female epigynum. Lateral lobes smooth, not touching each other at any point. Median septum strongly sclerotized with anterior, slightly rectangular atrium bearing a pair of copulatory openings (Figs. 9, 15). Vulva with strongly sclerotized duct system. Copulatory ducts with anterior glandular projection, covering spermathecae. Spermathecae with large irregular head, elongate, slender stalk and small slightly globose base. Fertilization ducts short and hook shaped (Figs. 10, 16). Distribution. Known from northern South America: Peru and Venezuela. Composition. Two species: Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch, A. flavovittatus (Simon) new combination. Remarks. As suggested by Jäger (2000), it is probable that this genus belongs to Sparassinae, due to the presence of two promarginal teeth on the chelicerae and the well developed median hook of the trilobate membrane. The striking similarity between the female genitalic structures of A. ciudadus and A. flavovittatus leaves no doubt that both species are congeneric, although A. flavovittatus exhibits denticles in the cheliceral furrow, a character usually used to distinguish taxa at a higher phylogenetic level. Nevertheless, some genera such as Eusparassus Simon and Barylestis Simon exhibit a variable pattern of this character (Jäger 2001 and pers. comm.) suggesting that these denticles can be convergently acquired or lost in some species, as is the present case.Published as part of Rheims, Cristina Anne, 2008, On the Neotropical genus Adcatomus Karsch (Araneae: Sparassidae), pp. 61-66 in Zootaxa 1809 on pages 62-63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27433

Sparianthina parang Rheims, 2011, sp. nov.

<i>Sparianthina parang</i> sp. nov. <p>Figs 1–6</p> <p> <b>Type material. Holotype:</b> 3 from 1.2 mi SW Speyside (11°27’ N; 60°34’ W), River Dam, King’s Bay, St. Paul Parish, Tobago, 10–17 May 1991, G. Hormiga, S.F. Larcher & T.R. Litwak leg. (USNM). <b>Paratypes:</b> 33, 4Ƥ with the same data as holotype (USNM).</p> <p> <b> Additional material examined. TOBAGO: <i>St. Paul Parish:</i></b> 11Ƥ, King’s Bay, River Dam, 1.2 mi SW Speyside (11°27’ N; 60°34’ W), 10–17 May 1991, G. Hormiga, S.F. Larcher & T.R. Litwak leg. (USNM).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name is a noun in apposition. “ Parang ” is a popular folk music originating out of Trinidad and Tobago with Caribbean and Latin American cultural influences.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Males of <i>S. parang</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> can be distinguished from those of the remaining species of the genus by the embolus, distally narrow and with a long, distally concave projection at the base (Figs 1, 3) and by the RTA slightly widened distally with two dorsal projections (Fig. 2). Females resemble those of <i>S. selenopides</i> by female epigynum with an anterior atrium wider than long (Jäger <i>et al</i>. 2009, fig. 14) but can be distinguished by the much narrower median septum, with lateral lobes touching each other posteriorly (Fig. 4) and by the narrower internal duct system of the vulva (Fig. 5).</p> <p> <b>Description. Male (USNM, holotype):</b> Prosoma dark orange, brown along fovea and thoracic striae. Eye borders black. Chelicerae, legs and pedipalps dark orange. Sternum pale orange with slightly darker margins. Labium and endites orange, distally pale orange. Opisthosoma brownish gray. Dorsally with one pair of brown, round, muscular impressions on posterior half. Total length 5.0. Prosoma: 2.5 long, 2.4 wide. Opisthosoma slightly triangular: 2.4 long, 1.6 wide. Eye diameters: 0.16, 0.21, 0.15, 0.20; interdistances: 0.14, 0.06, 0.34, 0.38, 0.36, 0.30. Legs: I: 15.7 (4.2, 1.3, 4.7, 4.0, 1.5); II: 18.0 (4.9, 1.4, 5.4, 4.6, 1.7); III: 13.3 (3.7, 1.1, 3.8, 3.5, 1.2); IV: 15.3 (4.2, 1.1, 4.2, 4.4, 1.4). Spination: femora I–III p1-1-1, d0-1-1, r1-1-1; femur IV p1-1-1, d0-1-1, r0-0-1; tibiae I–II d1-1-1, v2-2 - 2-2-0; tibiae III–IV p1-0-1;, d1-0-1, r1-0-1, v2-2 -0; metatarsi I–II p1-0-0, r1-0-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus III p1-1-0, r1- 1-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus IV p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 -0. Palp: tibia slightly shorter than cymbium with one dorsal and three prolateral spines; VTA triangular and slightly retrolateral; cymbium scopulae inconspicuous; tegulum retrolaterally swollen; embolus with long thickened base from which arises an elongate, distally concave projection; conductor being a long, hyaline lamina; DTA distally concave and slightly bent retrolaterally (Figs 1–3).</p> <p> <b>Female (USNM, paratype):</b> Coloration as in male. Total length 6.4. Prosoma: 2.7 long, 2.7 wide. Opisthosoma: 3.6 long, 2.5 wide. Eye diameters: 0.15, 0.22, 0.17, 0.24; interdistances: 0.22, 0.08, 0.40, 0.44, 0.42, 0.20. Legs: I: 12.1 (3.4, 1.3, 3.5, 2.8, 1.1); II: 13.4 (3.9, 1.4, 3.8, 3.1, 1.2); III: 11.6 (3.2, 1.1, 3.8, 2.5, 1.0); IV: 12.1 (3.6, 1.1, 3.1, 3.1, 1.2). Spination as in male, except tibiae I–IV d0. Epigynum: epigynal plate longer than wide; median septum narrow, much longer than wide (Fig. 4). Vulva: glandular projection small and rounded, arising close to copulatory opening; duct system anteriorly widened with two dorsal chambers and internally convoluted posteriorly; fertilization ducts very long (Figs 5–6).</p> <p> <b>Variation.</b> Males (n = 4): total length 4.5–5.0; prosoma length 2.1–2.5; femur I 3.7–4.2. Females (n = 10): total length 4.8–7.1; prosoma length 2.4–3.4; femur I 3.1–3.5.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Only known from the type locality, in the island of Tobago.</p>Published as part of <i>Rheims, Cristina Anne, 2011, New species of Sparianthina Banks, 1929 (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae), pp. 64-68 in Zootaxa 3125</i> on pages 65-66, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/279408">10.5281/zenodo.279408</a&gt

Adcatomus flavovittatus Simon 1897, new combination

Adcatomus flavovittatus (Simon 1897) new combination (Figs. 11–16) Spatala flavovittata Simon, 1897: 47; Petrunkevitch, 1911: 512; Roewer, 1954: 711; Bonnet, 1958: 4111; Platnick, 2008. Type material: Holotype: female, La Cumbre de Valencia, Parque Nacional Henri Pittier [10 ° 24 ' N, 67 ° 37 ' W, Carabobo, Venezuela] (MNHN 11440), examined. Diagnosis. The females of A. flavovittatus are distinguished from those of A. ciudadus by the presence of small intermarginal denticles in the cheliceral furrow (Fig. 11) and by the epigynum with medium septum with larger base and smaller anterior atrium (Fig. 15). Description. Female (holotype): Prosoma brown, darker along fovea and thoracic striae. Chelicerae dark brown, covered by long, orange setae. Pedipalps brown, except distal end of femora and patellae slightly lighter. Labium dark brown, distally orange. Endites dark brown, distally cream colored. Legs brown. Opisthosoma brownish gray with conspicuous, cream colored cardiac impression. Total length 20.4. Prosoma: 7.9 long, 7.0 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.42, ALE 0.46, PME 0.28, PLE 0.38, AME– AME 0.32, AME–ALE 0.22, PME–PME 0.60, PME–PLE 0.60, AME–PME 0.42, ALE–PLE 0.34. Intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements: I: femur 9.1; patella 3.2; tibia 8.5; metatarsus 7.9; tarsus 2.1; total 30.8; II: 9.6; 3.6; 8.9; 7.8; 2.1; 32.0; III: 7.8; 3.0; 6.5; 5.4; 1.8; 24.5; IV: 8.7; 2.8; 6.4; 6.4; 2.0; 26.3. Spination follows the generic pattern. Opisthosoma: 12.2 long, 9.2 wide. Male: unknown. Distribution. Only known from the type locality.Published as part of Rheims, Cristina Anne, 2008, On the Neotropical genus Adcatomus Karsch (Araneae: Sparassidae), pp. 61-66 in Zootaxa 1809 on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27433

Sparianthina gaita Rheims, 2011, sp. nov.

<i>Sparianthina gaita</i> sp. nov. <p>Figs 7–14</p> <p> <b>Type material. Holotype:</b> 3 from Rancho Grande, near Maracay (10°04' N; 67°32' W), Aragua, Venezuela, 1–15 July 1946, Beebee <i>et al.</i> leg. (AMNH). <b>Paratype:</b> 1Ƥ, with the same data as holotype (AMNH).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name is a noun in apposition. “ Gaita ” is a style of Venezuelan folk music.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Sparianthina gaita</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> can be easily distinguished from the remaining <i>Sparianthina</i> species by the male palps with DTA strongly curved retrolaterally (Figs 9, 11) and RTA dorsally curved at tip (Fig. 10), female epigynum with median septum with small posterior pocket (Fig. 12) and vulva with two large lobes, with long fertilization ducts opening on the anterior lobe (Fig. 13).</p> <p> <b>Description. Male (AMNH, holotype):</b> Prosoma orange, slightly darker laterally and at eye area, with brown fovea and thoracic striae. Eye borders black. Chelicerae and pedipalps brownish orange. Legs brownish orange with femora mottled with small pale brown spots. Sternum pale yellow with orange margins. Labium and endites pale orange, distally pale yellow. Opisthosoma yellowish orange with two pairs of conspicuous round muscular pits surrounded by bright orange setae dorsally (Fig. 7). Total length 8.2. Prosoma: 3.8 long, 4.3 wide. Opisthosoma slightly triangular: 4.1 long, 2.7 wide. Eye diameters: 0.22, 0.24, 0.20, 0.28; interdistances: 0.14, 0.04, 0.30, 0.32, 0.28, 0.24. Legs: I: 23.0 (6.3, 2.3, 6.6, 5.8, 2.0); II: 25.3 (7.2, 2.4, 7.3, 6.3, 2.1); III: 19.4 (5.6, 2.0, 5.3, 5.0, 1.5); IV: 21.3 (5.9, 1.8, 5.6, 6.0, 2.0). Spination: femora I–III p1-1-1, d0-1-1, r1-1-1; femur IV p1-1-1, d0-1-1, r0-1-1; tibiae I–II d1-1-1, v2-2 -2-2-0; tibiae III–IV p1-0-1; d1-0-1; r1-0-1; v2-2 -0; metatarsi I–II p1-0-0, r1-0-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus III p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -1; metatarsus IV: p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 -0. Palp: tibia slightly shorter than cymbium with one dorsal and three prolateral spines; VTA triangular and slightly retrolateral; RTA rounded with ventral projection dorsally bent at tip; cymbium scopulae inconspicuous; tegulum retrolaterally swollen; embolus long and conical, with short and stout projection at base; conductor long, hyaline lamina; DTA strongly curved retrolaterally (Figs 9–11).</p> <p> <b>Female (AMNH, paratype):</b> Coloration as in male except prosoma mottled with small brown spots and opisthosoma laterally mottled with white spots (Fig. 8). Total length 9.3. Prosoma: 4.1 long, 4.1 wide. Opisthosoma: 5.0 long, 3.4 wide. Eye diameters: 0.20, 0.24, 0.20, 0.30; interdistances: 0.14, 0.06, 0.32, 0.34, 0.26, 0.30. Legs: I: 17.9 (5.3, 2.1, 4.9, 4.1, 1.5); II: 19.7 (6.0, 2.3, 5.5, 4.4, 1.5); III: 15.1 (4.6, 1.8, 4.0, 3.5, 1.2); 16.3 (4.9, 1.6, 4.2, 4.1, 1.5). Spination as in male. Epigynum: epigynal plate as long as wide; median septum slightly pentagonal with small posterior pocket (Fig. 12). Vulva: glandular projection small and rounded, arising close to copulatory opening; duct system with two large, rounded lobes; fertilization ducts very long (Figs 13–14).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Only known from the type locality, Rancho Grande, Venezuela.</p>Published as part of <i>Rheims, Cristina Anne, 2011, New species of Sparianthina Banks, 1929 (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae), pp. 64-68 in Zootaxa 3125</i> on pages 66-68, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/279408">10.5281/zenodo.279408</a&gt

On the huntsman spider genus Vindullus Simon, 1880 (Araneae: Sparassidae)

Rheims, Cristina Anne (2019): On the huntsman spider genus Vindullus Simon, 1880 (Araneae: Sparassidae). Zootaxa 4544 (4): 572-580, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.

Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch 1880

Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch, 1880 (Figs. 1–10) Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch, 1880: 387, pl. 12, fig. 13 (Male holotype from Lima, Peru, V. Winthem leg., deposited in ZMB 1863, not examined). Simon, 1897: 89; Petrunkevitch, 1911: 135; 1928: 171; Roewer, 1954: 476; Bonnet, 1955: 158; Jäger, 2000: 238, figs. 1 –8, 18; Platnick, 2008. Material examined. VENEZUELA. Aragua: 1 #m 1 #f, Colonia Tovar (10 ° 25 'N, 67 ° 18 'W, 2.100 m), Dec. 2002, A. Pérez González & A. Giupponi (MHNLS II- 489). Diagnosis. For males see generic diagnosis. Females are distinguished from those of A. flavovittatus by the absence of intermarginal denticles on the chelicerae furrow and by the median septum with a narrower posterior region and a larger atrium in the female epigynum (Fig. 9). Description. Male (MHNLS II- 489): Prosoma reddish-brown, brown along fovea and thoracic striae. Clypeus dark brown. Chelicerae very dark brown with large anterior reddish-brown mark (Fig. 1). Legs reddish-brown, except metatarsi and tarsi dark brown. Sternum brown. Labium and endites brown, distally dark brown. Opisthosoma dorsally brownish gray with brown irregular pattern (Fig. 1). Ventrally with large median longitudinal brown band. Total length 15.0. Prosoma: 6.5 long, 6.3 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.48, ALE 0.40, PME 0.36, PLE 0.40, AME–AME 0.26, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.50, PME–PLE 0.50, AME–PME 0.40 ALE–PLE 0.30. Chelicerae with no intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 13.0; patella 3.8; tibia 12.6; metatarsus 12.1; tarsus 3.3; total 44.8; II: 12.6; 3.9; 12.5; 12.0; 3.3; 44.3; III: 10.0; 3.2; 8.8; 8.0; 2.3; 32.3; IV: 11.0; 3.1; 8.9; 9.0; 2.5; 34.5. Leg spination follows the generic pattern. Opisthosoma: 8.5 long, 5.4 wide. Female (MHNLS II- 489): Coloration pattern as in male, slightly lighter (Fig. 2). Ventral femora and tibiae I––IV densely covered with orange hairs. Total length 18.3. Prosoma: 7.8 long, 7.5 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.46, ALE 0.46, PME 0.32, PLE 0.32, AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.14, PME– PME 0.60, PME–PLE 0.66, AME–PME 0.44, ALE–PLE 0.30. Leg measurements: I: femur 10.0; patella 3.9; tibia 9.0; metatarsus 8.7; tarsus 2.3; total 33.9; II: 10.1; 3.9; 9.2; 8.5; 2.2; 33.9; III: 8.3; 3.1; 6.8; 6.2; 2.0; 26.4; IV: 9.0; 3.1; 6.2; 6.9; 2.2; 27.4. Leg spination follows the generic pattern. Opisthosoma: 10.4 long, 6.5 wide. Distribution. Known from northern South America: Peru and Venezuela.Published as part of Rheims, Cristina Anne, 2008, On the Neotropical genus Adcatomus Karsch (Araneae: Sparassidae), pp. 61-66 in Zootaxa 1809 on pages 63-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27433

FIGURES 11 – 16 in On the Neotropical genus Adcatomus Karsch (Araneae: Sparassidae)

FIGURES 11 – 16. Adcatomus flavovittatus (Simon). 11 Female, left chelicerae, ventral view; 12 Leg I, trilobate membrane, dorsal view; 13 Leg I, claw, prolateral view; 14 Pedipalp claw, prolateral view; 15 Epigynum, ventral view; 16 Vulva, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 mm