Assessment Of Adaptability And Stability Of Six Tunisian Cereal Genotypes Under Rainfed Conditions And At Two Semi Arid Environments

Three durum wheat (Nasr, Maâli and Salim), two bread wheat (Tahent and Utique) and two barley varieties (Manel and Kounouz) were assessed in two different semi arid locations under rainfed conditions in 2012-2013 growing season for yield related traits performances, stability and adaptability parameters. For determining adaptability and stability of genotypes, regression coefficient (bi) and variance of deviation from regression (S²di) are used. The evaluation was based on five agro-morphological traits: tiller number/plant, spike number/m2, plant number/m2, 1000 kernel weight and grain number/ spike. Variance analysis indicated a highly significant (p<0.05) effect of locations and genotypes for all studied traits. Also, the interaction between the genotypes and environments found to be highly significant (p<0.001) for all studied traits except the tiller number/plant. Analysis of stability showed that there were differences in stability performances among the genotypes for the traits tested. The unstability for spike number/m², plant number/m 2, 1000kernel weight and grain number/spike among the genotypes was originated from the high mean squares of deviation from regression. Analysis of AMMI model showed that Principal Components (PC) Analysis indicated that the two PCs explained 78.17% (PC1 = 41.51% and PC2 = 36.66%) of the total variation. Results showed that the group of genotypes Nasr, Tahent, Kounouz and Manel having wide adaptability and could be recommended for cultivation across diverse environments

Yield of Durum Wheat Cultivar Grown under Different Nitrogen Regimes and Rainfed Conditions

The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in two different locations (Kef and Bousselem). The effect of four nitrogen treatments (0, 75, 100, 120 and 140 kg/ha of N) was assessed for Maali durum wheat variety on five agronomic traits: biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, 1000 kernel weight and nitrogen use efficiency. Analysis of variance revealed significant effect (P< 0.01; P< 0.001) of the nitrogen treatments for all studied traits. However, no nitrogen treatment x site interaction was noted. Except for nitrogen use efficiency, both location exhibited significant variation (p<0.01) for all the traits examined. Biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, 1000 kernel weight and nitrogen use efficiency increased with an increase in nitrogen levels. In comparison to kef site, greatest results were obtained in Bousselem site under all nitrogen levels for all measured traits. Maximum average yield (2157.27 kg/ha) and (3013.11 kg /ha) was unregistered under N4 treatment (140 kg/ha) in Kef and Boussalem site respectively. A significant and positive correlation was noted between nitrogen rates and biological yield (r = 0.74**), grain yield (r = 0.66**), harvest index (r = 0.84**) and 1000 kernel weight (r = 0.85**). In this region, it seems that the application of 140 kg/ha of N fertilization lead to great agronomic performance of Maali durum wheat variety

Long Term Effects of Tillage–Crop Rotation Interaction on Soil Organic Carbon Pools and Microbial Activity on Wheat-Based System in Mediterranean Semi-Arid Region

Conservation agriculture based on no-tillage (NT) and crop rotation allows to enhance soil health. Based on data collected from long-term trials in a semi-arid region of Tunisia, results showed that NT increased significantly soil organic carbon stock (SOCS), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) root colonization, and soil microbial respiration (CO2) at 0–20 cm topsoil layer compared to conventional tillage (CT). Moreover, triennial rotation (TRI), based on annual succession of Faba bean-Durum wheat-Barley, and biennial rotation (BI), based on annual succession of Faba bean-Durum wheat, increased significatively SMBC, AMF, and CO2. Likewise, a significant benefit of the two-way interactions Tillage × Rotation was observed. Furthermore, NT combined with TRI recorded the highest SOCS (2181 g C m−2), SMBC (515 mg C kg−1 soil), AMF (14%), and CO2 which is an indicator of soil microbial respiration (1071 mg CO2 kg−1 soil). The current results highlight the benefit adoption of minimum or (NT)combined with crop diversification on soil health

Long Term Effects of Tillage–Crop Rotation Interaction on Soil Organic Carbon Pools and Microbial Activity on Wheat-Based System in Mediterranean Semi-Arid Region

Conservation agriculture based on no-tillage (NT) and crop rotation allows to enhance soil health. Based on data collected from long-term trials in a semi-arid region of Tunisia, results showed that NT increased significantly soil organic carbon stock (SOCS), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) root colonization, and soil microbial respiration (CO2) at 0–20 cm topsoil layer compared to conventional tillage (CT). Moreover, triennial rotation (TRI), based on annual succession of Faba bean-Durum wheat-Barley, and biennial rotation (BI), based on annual succession of Faba bean-Durum wheat, increased significatively SMBC, AMF, and CO2. Likewise, a significant benefit of the two-way interactions Tillage × Rotation was observed. Furthermore, NT combined with TRI recorded the highest SOCS (2181 g C m−2), SMBC (515 mg C kg−1 soil), AMF (14%), and CO2 which is an indicator of soil microbial respiration (1071 mg CO2 kg−1 soil). The current results highlight the benefit adoption of minimum or (NT)combined with crop diversification on soil health

Extra‐gonadal mature teratoma: A case report of retroperitoneal location with a literature review

Abstract Extra‐gonadal mature teratoma is a benign tumor occurring rarely in adults. The retroperitoneal localization constitutes less than 4%. Treatment consists of surgical resection. Histological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis. We reported an unusual case of mature retroperitoneal teratoma discovered in a young man with abdominal pain