Additional file 2 of High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its relation with disease severity

Additional file 2: S Figure 2. Cholesterol efflux capacities according to BMI categories. a) Total, b) Non-ABCA1, and c) ABCA1 CEC have shown no considerable change between normal weight (BMI  25) in the whole population. d) Total CEC, e) Non-ABCA1 CEC, and f) ABCA1 CEC demonstrated no change in normal weight (BMI  25) in both OSA patients and controls

Additional file 1 of High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its relation with disease severity

Additional file 1: S Figure 1. Cholesterol efflux capacities according to sex. a) Total, b) non-ABCA1, and c) ABCA1 CEC displayed no statistically remarkable difference between females and males in the whole population. d) Total CEC, e) Non-ABCA1 CEC, and f) ABCA1 CEC indicated no remarkable difference in males compared to females in both OSA patients and controls

A full factorial model of ANCOVA to adjust the effect of age, BMI and adiponectin on CTRP13 plasma levels in healthy controls, T2DM, NAFLD and NAFLD+T2DM patients.

<p>A full factorial model of ANCOVA to adjust the effect of age, BMI and adiponectin on CTRP13 plasma levels in healthy controls, T2DM, NAFLD and NAFLD+T2DM patients.</p

The Circulating CTRP13 in Type 2 Diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Patients

<div><p>Numerous studies have shown that C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs) are involved in the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders, such as Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). There is a little information concerning CTRP13 in the context of NAFLD and T2DM. We evaluated the plasma levels of CTRP13 in healthy control and patients with NAFLD, T2DM and NAFLD+T2DM, and also correlations between CTRP13 plasma levels and clinical and subclinical features. Circulating CTRP13 was examined in 88 male (20 healthy control, 22 T2DM patients, 22 NAFLD patients and 22 NAFLD+T2DM patients). CTRP13 and adiponectin plasma levels were measured by ELISA method. CTRP13 serum levels were higher in the control group than the other groups (all p <0.001). CTRP13 had significant negative correlation with unfavorable anthropometric and metabolic factors including BMI, visceral fat, Insulin, HOMA-IR, TG, AST, ALT and ɣ-GT and have a positive correlation with plasma concentration of adiponectin. CTRP13 had a significant inverse correlation with cIMT (r = -0.345) and liver stiffness (LS) (r = -0.372) (both, p <0.001). Also, the multiple stepwise linear regression has shown that visceral fat is a significant predictor of CTRP13 serum levels (p <0.001). Multiple stepwise linear regression with LS as the dependent variable showed that ALT (p < 0.001) and SBP (p = 0.010) were two predictor factors for LS. Strikingly, multiple stepwise linear regression showed that CTRP13 (p = 0.006) and SBP (p = 0.007) were two independent predictors for cIMT. Lower CTRP13 in patients with T2DM, NAFLD and NAFLD + T2DM was associated with increased risk of the diseases. CTRP13 have negative associations with unfavorable metabolic factors and also is a negative predictor of cIMT. Our results suggested that CTRP13 could be an associated factor with NAFLD in patients with and without T2DM.</p></div

Anthropometric and laboratory characteristics of study subjects.

<p>Anthropometric and laboratory characteristics of study subjects.</p

Circulating CTRP13 in study subjects.

<p>Data present with mean+SEM. * and *** represent p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively.</p

Correlation between CTRP13 plasma levels with anthropometric and laboratory variables.

<p>Correlation between CTRP13 plasma levels with anthropometric and laboratory variables.</p

Association of C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP3) and CTRP13 Serum Levels with Coronary Artery Disease in Subjects with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

<div><p>C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP3) and CTRP13 are two newly discovered adipokines regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. But their role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is still in infancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of gene expression and serum levels of CTRP3 and CTRP13 with CAD, metabolic and inflammatory markers in patients with and without T2DM. Serum levels of CTRP3, CTRP13, adiponectin and inflammatory cytokines and their gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were determined in 172 subjects categorized as group I (without T2DM and CAD), group II (with CAD but no T2DM), group III (with T2DM but no CAD) and group IV (with T2DM and CAD). Serum levels and gene expression of CTRP3, CTRP13 and adiponectin in the group I were higher compared to other groups. Inflammatory cytokines in the control group were lower than other groups too. CTRP3 serum levels have an independent association with BMI, smoking and CTRP3 gene expression; also CTRP13 serum levels has an independent association with BMI, HDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c and TNF-α. Decreased serum levels of CTRP3 and CTRP13 were also associated with CAD. It appears that the decreased levels of CTRP3 and especially CTRP13 were associated with increased risk of T2DM and CAD. These findings suggest an emerging role of these adipokines in the pathogenesis of CAD, but further studies are necessary to establish this concept.</p></div

Univariate and multivariate analysis of the association between CTRP3 serum levels with correlated parameters.

<p>Univariate and multivariate analysis of the association between CTRP3 serum levels with correlated parameters.</p

Univariate and multivariate analysis of the association between CTRP13 serum levels with correlated parameters.

<p>Univariate and multivariate analysis of the association between CTRP13 serum levels with correlated parameters.</p