Multiparameter Telemetry as a Sensitive Screening Method to Detect Vaccine Reactogenicity in Mice

Refined vaccines and adjuvants are urgently needed to advance immunization against global infectious challenges such as HIV, hepatitis C, tuberculosis and malaria. Large-scale screening efforts are ongoing to identify adjuvants with improved efficacy profiles. Reactogenicity often represents a major hurdle to the clinical use of new substances. Yet, irrespective of its importance, this parameter has remained difficult to screen for, owing to a lack of sensitive small animal models with a capacity for high throughput testing. Here we report that continuous telemetric measurements of heart rate, heart rate variability, body core temperature and locomotor activity in laboratory mice readily unmasked systemic side-effects of vaccination, which went undetected by conventional observational assessment and clinical scoring. Even minor aberrations in homeostasis were readily detected, ranging from sympathetic activation over transient pyrogenic effects to reduced physical activity and apathy. Results in real-time combined with the potential of scalability and partial automation in the industrial context suggest multiparameter telemetry in laboratory mice as a first-line screen for vaccine reactogenicity. This may accelerate vaccine discovery in general and may further the success of vaccines in combating infectious disease and cancer

Molecular Modeling and Simulation: Force Field Development, Evaporation Processes and Thermophysical Properties of Mixtures

To gain physical insight into the behavior of fluids on a microscopic level as well as to broaden the data base for thermophysical properties especially for mixtures, molecular modeling and simulation is utilized in this work. Various methods and applications are discussed, including a procedure for the development of new force field models. The evaporation of liquid nitrogen into a supercritical hydrogen atmosphere is presented as an example for large scale molecular dynamics simulation. System-size dependence and scaling behavior are discussed in the context of Kirkwood-Buff integration. Further, results for thermophysical mixture properties are presented, i.e. the Henry’s law constant of aqueous systems and diffusion coefficients of a ternary mixture

Binary Gaseous Diffusion Coefficients VI. Chlorobenzene. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene. 1,3-Dichlorobenzene, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Tetrachloroethene, 1,4-Dioxane and Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane with Air at 1 atm and 283 k to 343 k

The binary gaseous diffusion coefficients D12 for chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethene, 1,4-dioxane and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) diffusing in air (i.e. 80% nitrogen + 20% oxygen) were measured at about 283, 298, 313, 328 and 343 K, and at atmospheric pressure, by the capillary tube method of Stefan. The experimental results are compared with diffusion coefficients calculated via the first-order Chapman-Enskog approximation. Effective pair-potential parameters for the large organic molecules were estimated by several semitheoretical correlations, i.e. the methods of Tee, Gotoh and Stewart, of Stiel and Thodos, and of Halkiadakis and Bowrey. Agreement is highly satisfactory, the only exception being OMCTS + air, where deviations up to ca. 30% are observed

Binary Gaseous Diffusion Coefficients VI. Chlorobenzene. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene. 1,3-Dichlorobenzene, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Tetrachloroethene, 1,4-Dioxane and Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane with Air at 1 atm and 283 k to 343 k

The binary gaseous diffusion coefficients D12 for chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethene, 1,4-dioxane and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) diffusing in air (i.e. 80% nitrogen + 20% oxygen) were measured at about 283, 298, 313, 328 and 343 K, and at atmospheric pressure, by the capillary tube method of Stefan. The experimental results are compared with diffusion coefficients calculated via the first-order Chapman-Enskog approximation. Effective pair-potential parameters for the large organic molecules were estimated by several semitheoretical correlations, i.e. the methods of Tee, Gotoh and Stewart, of Stiel and Thodos, and of Halkiadakis and Bowrey. Agreement is highly satisfactory, the only exception being OMCTS + air, where deviations up to ca. 30% are observed

Vorrichtungen zur elektrischen Anregung eines Gases mit Mikrowellenenergie

Vorrichtung (10) zur elektrischen Anregung eines Gases mit Mikrowellen, mit einem von einem Mikrowellensender gespeisten Hohlleiter (11), der einen Mikrowellenenergie zum Zuenden und Aufrechterhalten einer Gasentladung auskoppelnden Schlitz (12) in einer Aussenwand (13) hat, und mit einem im Bereich des elektrischen Schlitzfeldes (14) dem Hohlleiter (11) parallel angeordneten, eine Gasentladungsstrecke (15) enthaltenden Entladungsgefaess (16). Um eine insbesondere in Laengsrichtung der Gasentladungsstrecke (15) moeglichst homogene Anregung zu erhalten, ist die Vorrichtung (10) so ausgebildet, dass der Schlitz (12) ein der Laengsachse des Hohlleiters (11) wenigstens im wesentlichen paralleler Laengsschlitz in einer radial aussen liegenden Wand (13) des Hohlleiters (11) ist, und dass sich das Entladungsgefaess (16) mit seiner Gasentladungsstrecke (15) ueber die gesamte Laenge dieses Laengsschlitzes (12) erstreckt

Lichtquellen hoher Lebensdauer zum optischen Pumpen von Festkoerperlasern 2 Abschlussbericht

Procedures for the excitation of crypton high-pressure plasmas have been treated and the suitability of plasmas as pumping light sources for the excitation of solid state lasers has been studied. Different structures of excitation are presented, that allow an efficient power coupling and simultaneously the integration of a pump cavity. The inductive power coupling in the MHz-range is particularly suited to the excitation of the lamp plasmaSIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F93B1198+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

A time-domain terahertz spectrometer with 90 dB dynamic range

We present a time-domain terahertz spectrometer based on 1550 nm fiber laser technology and InGaAs photoconductive switches. The system features a voice-coil delay stage, which offers a high scanning speed of up to 60 traces per second. Owing to a precise reconstruction of the time axis, the system achieves a high dynamic range: a single pulse trace of 50 ps is acquired in only 44 ms, and transformed into a spectrum with a peak dynamic range of 60 dB. With 800 averages, the dynamic range increases to 90 dB and the measurement time still remains as short as 35 seconds

Synergiepotentiale im Stadt-Umland-Bezug Leipzigs Abschlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F02B602 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany); Arbeitsgemeinschaft Industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen 'Otto von Guericke' e.V. (AIF), Koeln (Germany)DEGerman

Dynamic Simulation of the Temporal Response of Microstructure Formation in Magnetorheological Fluids

this paper, a novel two-dimensional simulation of MR fluid microstructure dynamics is presented. This simulation treats the particle inclusions as twodimensional magnetic entities. The time evolution is considered to be magnetically quasi-static and magnetostatic forces are derived from the solution of (steady) Maxwell's equations, recomputed at each instant in time. For this we use a potential theoretic formulation where the boundary integral equations are solved with