Contribution of the xenograft bone plate-screw system in lumbar transpedicular stabilization of dogs: an in-vitro study

We performed biomechanical comparison of a xenograft bone plate-screw (XBPS) system for achieving cadaveric lumbar transpedicular stabilization (TS) in dogs. Twenty dogs' cadaveric L2-4 lumbar specimens were harvested and their muscles were removed, but the discs and ligaments were left intact. These specimens were separated to four groups: the L2-4 intact group as control (group I, n = 5), the L3 laminectomy and bilateral facetectomy group (LBF) (group II, n = 5), the LBF plus TS with metal plate-screw group (group III, n = 5) and the LBF plus TS with XBPS group (group IV, n = 5). Five kinds of biomechanical tests were applied to the specimens: flexion, extension, left-right bending and rotation. The averages of the 16 stiffness values were calculated and then these were statistically analyzed. The statistical results show that the XBPS system contributes spinal stability and this system can be a good choice for achieving TS

Experimental determination of bearing strength in fiber reinforced laminated composite bolted joints under preload

In this study, a failure analysis was carried out to determine bearing strengths of mechanically fastened joints with single bolt in glass-epoxy laminated composite plates. Two different geometrical parameters that were the edge distance-to-hole diameter ratio (E/D) and plate width-to-hole diameter ratio (W/D) were investigated. For that reason, E/D ratio was selected from 1 to 5, whereas W/D ratio was chosen from 2 to 5. Tensile tests were subjected to composite bolted joints for four different ply orientations such as angle-ply [0/30](s), [0/45](s), [0/60](s), and cross-ply [0/90](s). The major focus of this study was to observe the failure mechanisms of bolted joints under various preload moments as 0, 2.5, and 5 Nm. The experimental results showed that the magnitudes of bearing strengths in bolted joints were strictly influenced from increasing value of applied preload moments, changing of W/D and E/D ratios, and also ply orientations of laminated composite plates

<strong>Failure response of single bolted composite joints under various preload</strong>

39-48In this study, an experimental failure analysis is performed to calculate bearing strength of single bolted joints in laminated composites reinforced unidirectional glass fibers. The main goal of this study is to determine the failure behaviour of bolted composite joints under various preload moments as 0, 2.5 and 5 Nm. Furthermore, two different geometrical parameters that are the edge distance-to-hole diameter ratio (E/D) and plate width-to-hole diameter ratio (W/D) are investigated. For that reason, E/D and W/D ratios are selected from 1 to 5 and from 2 to 5, respectively. Besides, the effect of orientation angle of laminated plates is considered. Therefore, four different ply orientations are selected as [30o]4, [45o]4, [60o]4 and [90o]4. The experimental results show that the magnitudes of bearing strengths in single bolted composite joints are strictly influenced from increasing value of applied preload moments, changing of W/D and E/D ratios and also ply orientations

Successful Desensitization of a Patient with Rituximab Hypersensitivity

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody which targets CD20 in B cells that is used for the treatment of CD20 positive oncologic and hematologic malignancies. Rituximab causes hypersensitivity reactions during infusions. The delay of treatment or loss of a highly efficient drug can be prevented by rapid drug desensitization method in patients who are allergic to rituximab. We report a low grade B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma patient with rituximab hypersensitivity successfully treated with rapid drug desensitization. In experienced centers, drug desensitization is a novel modality to break through in case of hypersensitivity that should be considered