621 research outputs found
Immunologie de lâĆil
RĂ©sumĂ©LâĆil impose au systĂšme immunitaire des contraintes dâefficacitĂ© et dâinnocuitĂ© particuliĂšrement exigeantes et contradictoires. Interface avec le monde environnant, il constitue avec ses annexes un compartiment muqueux de lâorganisme de petite dimension, particuliĂšrement exposĂ©, mais apparemment peu vulnĂ©rable grĂące Ă une multiplicitĂ© de moyens de dĂ©fense : flore microbienne proche de celle de la peau ; clignement des paupiĂšres, flux continu du film lacrymal et composition complexe et variable de ce dernier qui doit ĂȘtre agressif Ă lâĂ©gard des microorganismes, mais protecteur et nutritif pour la cornĂ©e et de plus optiquement favorable ; et enfin tissu lymphoĂŻde associĂ© aux muqueuses caractĂ©risĂ© lĂ par la production abondante dâIgA1 et dâIgD et dâanticorps naturels. Ă la fois vitre et ultime barriĂšre, la cornĂ©e possĂšde tous les Ă©lĂ©ments nĂ©cessaires Ă une rĂ©ponse efficace, mais par leur distribution ou leur Ă©tat basal, ne les utilisera quâen dernier recours. LâĆil est en effet aussi un instrument dâoptique prolongeant le systĂšme nerveux central ; les vaisseaux doivent donc ĂȘtre absents de lâaxe optique et toute inflammation comporte le risque dâĂȘtre dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre. Le « privilĂšge immunitaire » rĂ©sulte localement du contrĂŽle Ă©troit exercĂ© sur les cellules lymphoĂŻdes et rĂ©actions immunitaires par lâexclusion molĂ©culaire due aux barriĂšres hĂ©mato-oculaires, une ambiance molĂ©culaire inhibitrice et diverses interactions cellulaires pouvant gĂ©nĂ©rer apoptose ou cellules rĂ©gulatrices. De plus, ce contrĂŽle peut sâaccompagner dâune rĂ©ponse systĂ©mique caractĂ©risĂ©e par une diminution de lâhypersensibilitĂ© retardĂ©e, une facilitation de la production dâanticorps ne fixant pas le complĂ©ment et la gĂ©nĂ©ration de cellules T rĂ©gulatrices spĂ©cifiques dâantigĂšnes, un phĂ©nomĂšne nommĂ© « dĂ©viation immunitaire associĂ©e Ă la chambre antĂ©rieure de lâĆil ». Cependant, la relative inaccessibilitĂ© de lâĆil sain au systĂšme immunitaire pourrait rendre les mĂ©canismes de tolĂ©rance immunitaire pĂ©riphĂ©rique moins efficaces dâoĂč une vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© particuliĂšre aux Ă©tats auto-immuns et des autoanticorps antirĂ©tine dans des syndromes paranĂ©oplasiques. LâĆil est ainsi armĂ© pour rĂ©agir, mais sa rĂ©ponse est Ă©troitement contrĂŽlĂ©e et orientĂ©e ; les associations entre pathologies et systĂšmes HLA ou du complĂ©ment sont aussi des clefs pour mieux comprendre les mĂ©canismes molĂ©culaires Ă lâĆuvre
Feedback Corrections for Ground Motion Effects at ATF2
accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/e08/papers/tupc122.pdfInternational audienceGoals of ATF2 will be to provide beams with a few tens of nanometers and stability at the nanometer level. To achieve this, several corrections have to be applied as tra- jectory corrections and optics correction. Once the most critical effects are found, they must be canceled by trajec- tory correction and rematching of the optics quickly and efïŹciently. A method using SVD-determined knobs and how it can be implemented in ATF2 are here described
A Novel Faceted UTD Solver in Altair Feko for Antenna Placement Applications
2022 3rd URSI Atlantic and Asia Pacific Radio Science Meeting (AT-AP-RASC), , 30/05/2022-04/06/2022, , EspañaA new Faceted UTD solver as implemented in Altair Feko is introduced here. The solver is based on UTD (Uniform Theory of Diffraction) applied to planar and arbitrarily convex curved surfaces meshed with planar triangles. It is most suitable for antenna placement applications in the high frequency regime
1,1,1,5,5,5-Hexafluoro-2,4-dimethÂoxyÂpentane-2,4-diol
The title compound, C7H10F6O4, was isolated as an unexpected product from a reaction of tantalum(V) methoxide with hexaÂfluoroÂacetylÂacetone in a methanol solution. The asymmetric unit consists of one half-molÂecule with the middle C atom lying on a twofold axis. The crystal structure is stabilized by OâHâŻO and an array of CâHâŻF hydrogen-bonding interÂactions. These interÂactions link the molÂecules into a stable supraÂmolecular three-dimensional network. The molÂecules pack in a ribbon-like form in the ac plane as a result of these interÂactions
Recent Improvements in the Tracking Code Placet
The tracking code Placet has recently undergone several improvements. A redesign of its internal data structures and a new user interface based on the mathematical toolbox Octave considerably expanded its simulation capabilities. Several new lattice elements, optimization algorithms and physics processes were added to allow for more complete start-to-end simulations. Finally, the use of the AML language and the Universal Parser Library have extended its interfacing capability. A review of these new features is presented in this paper
Engineered Tumor-Targeted T Cells Mediate Enhanced Anti-Tumor Efficacy Both Directly and through Activation of the Endogenous Immune System.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has proven clinically beneficial against B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, suboptimal clinical outcomes have been associated with decreased expansion and persistence of adoptively transferred CAR T cells, antigen-negative relapses, and impairment by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Improvements in CAR T cell design are required to enhance clinical efficacy, as well as broaden the applicability of this technology. Here, we demonstrate that interleukin-18 (IL-18)-secreting CAR T cells exhibit enhanced in vivo expansion and persistence and significantly increase long-term survival in syngeneic mouse models of both hematological and solid malignancies. In addition, we demonstrate that IL-18-secreting CAR T cells are capable of modulating the tumor microenvironment, as well as enhancing an effective endogenous anti-tumor immune response. IL-18-secreting CAR T cells represent a promising strategy to enhance the clinical outcomes of adoptive T cell therapy
- âŠ