What parameters affect left ventricular diastolic flow propagation velocity? in vitro studies using color m-mode doppler echocardiography

BACKGROUND: Insufficient data describe the relationship of hemodynamic parameters to left ventricular (LV) diastolic flow propagation velocity (Vp) measured using color M-mode Doppler echocardiography. METHODS: An in vitro LV model used to simulate LV diastolic inflow with Vp measured under conditions of varying: 1) Stroke volume, 2) heart rate (HR), 3) LV volume, 4) LV compliance, and 5) transmitral flow (TMF) waveforms (Type 1: constant low diastasis flow and Type 2: no diastasis flow). RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed excellent correlations of Vp with stroke volume (r = 0.98), LV compliance (r = 0.94), and HR with Type 1 TMF (r = 0.97). However, with Type 2 TMF, HR was not associated with Vp. LV volume was not related to Vp under low compliance, but inversely related to Vp under high compliance conditions (r = -0.56). CONCLUSION: These in vitro findings may help elucidate the relationship of hemodynamic parameters to early diastolic LV filling

Endothelial function and urine albumin levels among asymptomatic Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background-</p> <p>Mexican-Americans (MA) exhibit increases in various cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), yet are reported to have lower CVD mortality rates. Our aim was to help explain this apparent paradox by evaluating endothelial function and urine albumin levels in MA and NHW.</p> <p>Methods-</p> <p>One hundred-five MA and 100 NHW adults were studied by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), blood and urine tests. Participants were studied by ultrasound-determined brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), blood and urine tests, at a single visit.</p> <p>Results-</p> <p>Despite higher BMI and triglycerides in MA, MA demonstrated higher FMD than did NHW (9.1 ± 7.3% vs. 7.1 ± 6.3%, p < 0.04). Among MA, urinary albumin was consistently lower in participants with FMD ≥ 7% FMD versus < 7% FMD (p < 0.006). In multivariate analyses in MA men, urinary albumin was inversely related to FMD (r = -0.26, p < 0.05), as were BMI and systolic blood pressure. In MA women, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio was an independent inverse predictor of FMD (p < 0.05 ).</p> <p>Conclusion-</p> <p>To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze, in asymptomatic adults, the relation of MA and NHW ethnicity to FMD and urine albumin levels. The findings confirm ethnic differences in these important subclinical CVD measures.</p

Endothelial function and urine albumin levels among asymptomatic Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites

Background-: Mexican-Americans (MA) exhibit increases in various cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), yet are reported to have lower CVD mortality rates. Our aim was to help explain this apparent paradox by evaluating endothelial function and urine albumin levels in MA and NHW. Methods-: One hundred-five MA and 100 NHW adults were studied by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), blood and urine tests. Participants were studied by ultrasounddetermined brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), blood and urine tests, at a single visit. Results-: Despite higher BMI and triglycerides in MA, MA demonstrated higher FMD than did NHW (9.1 +/- 7.3% vs. 7.1 +/- 6.3%, p &lt; 0.04). Among MA, urinary albumin was consistently lower in participants with FMD = 7% FMD versus &lt; 7% FMD (p &lt; 0.006). In multivariate analyses in MA men, urinary albumin was inversely related to FMD (r = -0.26, p &lt; 0.05), as were BMI and systolic blood pressure. In MA women, urinary albumin: creatinine ratio was an independent inverse predictor of FMD (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion-: To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze, in asymptomatic adults, the relation of MA and NHW ethnicity to FMD and urine albumin levels. The findings confirm ethnic differences in these important subclinical CVD measures