Dez anos de acompanhamento de uma série de casos de neoplasias epiteliais primárias da glândula lacrimal: características clínicas, tratamento cirúrgico e achados histopatológicos

PURPOSE: To describe and analyze the features of a cases series of patients with primary epithelial neoplasms of the lacrimal gland, its surgical treatment, and histopathological findings. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of files from patients with primary epithelial neoplasms of the lacrimal gland in the period from 1997 to 2007. All patients with primary epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland were included in this study. Data on gender, age, clinical features, surgical treatment, histopathological findings and follow-up were collected. The slides with histological sections of the tumors were reviewed by the same pathologist. RESULTS: During the study period, there were 12 patients, 5 (41.7%) with benign tumors, all pleomorphic adenomas (benign mixed tumor) and 7 (58.3%) with malignant neoplasms, thus distributed: four cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma, two of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and one carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma. Globally, patients mean age was 54.1 years-old (ranging from 14 to 70 years-old), with mean age of 52.4 years-old (ranging from 14 to 65 years-old) for benign neoplasms, and 55.3years-old for malignant neoplasms (ranging from 26 to 70 years-old). Clinical follow-up information, ranging from 2 to 10 years-old, was available for all patients. Three patients developed distant metastasis and died of disease. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent primary epithelial neoplasms of the lacrimal gland were pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma during the study period. Malignant tumors were more frequent than benign tumors. The histopathological diagnosis and the disease initial stage can play a significant role in patient's survival.OBJETIVO: Descrever e analisar as características de uma série de casos de portadores de neoplasias epiteliais primárias da glândula lacrimal, o tratamento cirúrgico, assim como os achados histopatológicos. MÉTODOS: Avaliação retrospectiva dos arquivos de pacientes com neoplasias epiteliais primárias da glândula lacrimal, no período de 1997 até 2007. Todos os pacientes com tumores epiteliais primários da glândula lacrimal foram incluídos neste estudo. Foram analisados os dados sobre sexo, idade, características clínicas, tratamento cirúrgico, achados histopatológicos e seguimento dos pacientes. As lâminas com secções histológicas dos tumores foram revisadas pelo mesmo patologista. RESULTADOS: No período do estudo, foram encontrados 12 pacientes, sendo 5 (41,7%) portadores de tumores benignos, todos adenomas pleomórficos (tumor benigno misto), e 7 (58,3%) com neoplasias malignas, assim distribuídos: quatro casos de carcinoma adenóide cístico, dois de carcinoma mucoepidermóide e um de carcinoma ex-adenoma pleomórfico. Analisando-se de modo global, a idade média dos portadores foi de 54,1 anos (variando de 14 a 70 anos); com média de idade de 52,4 anos (variando de 14 a 65 anos) para neoplasias benignas, e 55,3 para neoplasias malignas (variando de 26 a 70 anos). Informações do seguimento, variando de 2 a 10 anos, estavam disponíveis para todos os pacientes. Três pacientes desenvolveram metástases distantes e morreram devido à doença. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria das neoplasias epiteliais primárias da glândula lacrimal foi o adenoma pleomórfico e o carcinoma adenóide cístico no período de estudo. Os tumores malignos foram mais frequentes que os benignos. O diagnóstico histopatológico e o estadiamento inicial da doença podem desempenhar uma papel significante na sobrevida do paciente.Santa Casa de Misericórdia São Paulo Department of Ophthalmology Corneal and External Disease ServiceUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of OphthalmologySanta Casa de Misericórdia São Paulo Department of Pathology Ophthalmic Pathology ServiceSanta Casa de Misericórdia São Paulo Department of Ophthalmology Oculoplastics ServiceSanta Casa de Misericórdia São Paulo Department of OphthalmologyUNIFESP, Department of OphthalmologySciEL

Primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland: case report

A 78-year-old male patient presented with double vision, painless palpable mass under the right superolateral orbital rim, downward displacement and restricted adduction of the right eye. His visual acuity was 20/50 OD and 20/20 OS. Hertel exophthalmometry was 21 mm OD and 17 mm OS. Computed tomographic scans showed an infiltrative orbital mass with ill-defined, irregular margins, involving the lacrimal gland and the lateral rectus muscle. The patient underwent an anterior transcutaneous transseptal orbitotomy with incisional biopsy and surgical debulking. Histopathologic evaluation revealed primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Following the metastatic work up, he underwent an eyelid-sparing orbital exenteration. Microscopically, the tumor elements were characterized by large polygonal cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and amphophilic cytoplasm. The tumor components comprised duct-type structures with papillary and cribriform patterns, surrounded by prominent basement membrane. The tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin-7, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, MMP-13 and proto-oncogene Her-2/neu, but negative for cytokeratin-5, cytokeratin-20, p63, prostate-specific antigen, S-100 protein and thyroid transcription factor. These histopathologic findings were compatible with poorly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland, T3N0M0. Twenty-four months after orbital exenteration, the patient was diagnosed with ipsilateral parotid gland and cervical lymph node metastases and died of disease

Regeneração aberrante do nervo oculomotor secundária a aneurisma intracraniano: relato de caso Aberrant regeneration of the oculomotor nerve followed by intracranial aneurysm: case report

Relatar um caso de regeneração aberrante secundária à paralisia aguda do nervo oculomotor causada por aneurisma intracraniano. Paciente atendida em fevereiro de 2006 queixando-se de dor de cabeça acompanhada de visão dupla e queda da pálpebra no olho direito. Na avaliação da motilidade ocular extrínseca, verificou-se incapacidade da adução, da supradução e da infradução associada à blefaroptose no olho direito. Com relação à motilidade intrínseca, midríase paralítica no olho direito. Formulou-se diagnóstico de paralisia aguda de nervo oculomotor no olho direito e solicitou-se avaliação neurológica. No Departamento de Neurocirurgia, após ser diagnosticada presença de aneurisma de artéria comunicante posterior, a paciente foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico. Em dezembro de 2006, observou-se melhora relativa da adução, mantendo a incapacidade da supradução e da infradução com blefaroptose melhorada à adução do olho direito. Com relação à motilidade intrínseca, miose no olho afetado. O diagnóstico de regeneração aberrante do nervo oculomotor pós-paralisia aguda foi formulado baseando-se na anamnese e nos exames oftalmológicos seqüenciais.<br>To report a case of aberrant regeneration followed by acute palsy of the oculomotor nerve caused by intracranial aneurysm. A 59-year-old patient was attended in February 2006 complaining of headache with diplopia and blepharoptosis in the right eye. At the external ocular motility exam. Aduction, supraduction and infraduction defects with blepharoptosis in the right eye were observed. Regarding the internal ocular motility, mydriasis in the right eye. Acute palsy of the oculomotor nerve in the right eye was diagnosed and neurological examination was requested. At the Department of Neurosurgery, after having diagnosed aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery, the patient was submitted to an operation. In December 2006, it improvement of the aduction was observed, supraduction and infraduction defects remained and blepharoptosis improved during aduction of the right eye. In the internal ocular motility, miosis in the affected eye. The diagnosis of the aberrant regeneration of the oculomotor nerve after acute palsy was formulated based on anamnesis and ophthalmological follow-up tests

Involutional Entropion and Ectropion of the Lower Eyelid: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in the Elderly Population

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of involutional entropion and ectropion of the lower eyelid in the elderly population; to examine how these disorders are related to gender, age, skin color, and axial ocular globe projection; and to define the incidence of associated ocular surface and pathologic eyelid findings.Methods: An ophthalmic survey was conducted in 24,565 elderly people. All participants underwent ophthalmic examination by general ophthalmologists to identify entropion and ectropion. Information about associated ocular surface and pathologic eyelid findings were collected from all patients with involutional eyelid malposition. Patients with involutional entropion and ectropion underwent measurements of the axial ocular globe projection. the Pearson chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test were performed.Results: the prevalence of involutional entropion was 2.1%; 1.9% in men and 2.4% in women. the prevalence of involutional ectropion was 2.9%; 5.1% in men and 1.5% in women. Dry eye syndrome, lower retractor laxity, and superficial punctate keratopathy were seen significantly more often in patients with involutional entropion than in those with involutional ectropion (p < 0.001). Chronic conjunctivitis was significantly more common in patients with involutional ectropion than in those with involutional entropion (p < 0.001). the axial ocular globe projection was significantly smaller in patients with involutional entropion than in those with involutional ectropion (p < 0.001).Conclusions: the prevalence of involutional entropion and ectropion in the elderly population is 2.1% and 2.9%, respectively. the axial ocular globe position plays a pathogenic role in involutional lower eyelid malposition. (Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 27: 317-320)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ophthalmol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Vis Inst, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ophthalmol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Vis Inst, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc