Un esperimento di distrettualizzazione dell’economia civile

In this paper we analyse both positive and negative aspects of an emerging civil economy’s district. We consider the problems that arise in two of the principal “third sector” economic activities (the non-profit enterprise and the co-op) and we highlight both advantages and rationality of a civil economy’s district. Moreover, we present the results of a research conducted at the Polo Lionello Bonfanti. This Italy-based structure which gathers economic activities that follow the “Economy of communion” values and that may represent a civil economy’s district at its embryonic state. In the last part, we stress the threats to a civil economy’s district and suggest some possible solutions.Third sector, district, civil economy, economy of communion

Subcellular localization of the five members of the human steroid 5α-reductase family

In humans the steroid 5a-reductase (SRD5A) family comprises five integral membrane enzymes that carry out reduction of a double bond in lipidic substrates: D4-3-keto steroids, polyprenol and trans-enoyl CoA. The best-characterized reaction is the conversion of testosterone into the more potent dihydrotestosterone carried out by SRD5A1-2. Some controversy exists on their possible nuclear or endoplasmic reticulum localization. We report the cloning and transient expression in HeLa cells of the five members of the human steroid 5a-reductase family as both N- and Cterminus green fluorescent protein tagged protein constructs. Following the intrinsic fluorescence of the tag, we have determined that the subcellular localization of these enzymes is in the endoplasmic reticulum, upon expression in HeLa cells. The presence of the tag at either end of the polypeptide chain can affect protein expression and, in the case of trans enoyl-CoA reductase, it induces the formation of protein aggregates

Algoritmo baseado em enxame de partículas para otimização da contratação do montante de uso do sistema de transmissão

The National Agency of Electric Energy (ANEEL) defined that the distributors must contract for each point of connection between the distributor system and the transmitter the necessary demand for the use of its electric system, this contracting is known as the amount of use of the transmission system (MUST). From these amounts, the transmission network usage tariffs are defined, thus establishing the transmission charges to be paid by the distributors and passed on by the company in the energy bills. This work proposes an algorithm based on swarf of particles (PSO) to determine an optimal solution for contracting the amount of the transmission system, with the objective of guaranteeing the lowest cost for contracting, without any type of operational loss in the company, as well as the quality and continuity of energy supply to consumers. We will compare the current process performed by the distributors and the proposed method, with an analysis of a case of an actual distribution system, with the presentation of the results of both the traditional method applied in the concessionaire and the proposed method for realization of hiring.NenhumaA Agencia Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL) definiu que as distribuidoras devem contratar, para cada ponto de conexão entre o sistema da distribuidora e a transmissora, a demanda necessária para utilização do seu sistema elétrico. Essa contratação é conhecida como Montante de Uso do Sistema de Transmissão (MUST). A partir destes montantes, são definidas as tarifas de uso da rede de transmissão, estabelecendo os encargos de transmissão a serem pagos pelas distribuidoras e repassados pela empresa nas contas de energia. Este trabalho propõe um algoritmo baseado em enxame de partículas (PSO) para determinar uma ótima solução para a contratação do montante do sistema de transmissão, com o objetivo de garantir o menor custo para contratação, sem que haja qualquer tipo de perda operacional na empresa, assim como a qualidade e a continuidade do fornecimento de energia para os consumidores. Comparar-se-á o processo atual realizado pelas distribuidoras e o método proposto, com uma análise de um case de um sistema elétrico de distribuição real, com a apresentação dos resultados tanto do método tradicional, aplicado na concessionária, como do método proposto para realização da contratação

The level of control of mild asthma in general practice: an observational community-based study

The aim of the present community-based study was to evaluate the level of asthma control in patients with mild asthma, regularly treated with inhaled steroids (ICS)

Anemia and hemoglobin serum levels are associated with exercise capacity and quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Little is known about the relationship between hemoglobin concentrations, functional status and health related quality of life (HRQL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of anemia and the association of hemoglobin with shortness of breath, exercise capacity, muscle strength and HRQL, in COPD patients