O caso Mauro Borges : Direito, Política e Constituição entre os dois primeiros atos institucionais

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, 2015.A tese tem como eixo central a reconstrução da história do habeas corpus preventivo do governador de Goiás, Mauro Borges Teixeira, julgado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) em novembro de 1964. O julgamento, no qual se reconheceu que o governador não poderia ser preso por ordem da justiça militar, serve como ponto de partida para uma análise das contingências locais e nacionais que podem ter influenciado na formação da opinião expressa no acórdão. Naquele momento, estavam em jogo, de maneira destacada, concepções diversas a respeito do esgotamento do prazo para as punições previstas no Ato Institucional de 9 de abril de 1964. Inserido naquele contexto tumultuado, o julgamento do habeas corpus de Mauro Borges permite observar o papel desempenhado pelo STF no processo político da época, bem como ajuda a compreender leituras e concepções jurídicas relacionadas à interpretação da Constituição de 1946. Mais do que simples argumento extraído da jurisprudência da corte, a tese propõe que a leitura da função política do governador realizada no caso Mauro Borges foi marcada pela ameaça latente de uma nova medida excepcional, ao final adotada em outubro de 1965, por meio do Ato Institucional nº 2.The doctoral thesis focuses on the ruling of the Supreme Court of Brazil on a writ of habeas corpus brought before that court by the governor of the state of Goiás, Mauro Borges. Issued in November, 1964, the opinion of the Brazilian Supreme Court asserted that a state governor could not be brought to trial before a federal military court. At that moment there were different and sometimes opposing views at stake, specially concerning the deadline for political sanctions established in Institutional Act of April 9th, 1964. Viewed in the light of that tumultous historical context, the ruling on Mauro Borges' case illustrates the political importance of the Brazilian Supreme Court and provides insight on the purposes which guided that court in the interpretation of the Constitution of 1946. Thus, the doctrine of the political function of the office of state governor expounded in the case can been seen not only as an interpretation of the precedent, but also as a direct effect of the threat of sanctions posed by groups of civilians and the military advocating for a second Institutional Act, a measure which was adopted in October, 1965, less than a year after the habeas corpus was decided by the Supreme Court

Morphometric analysis of three normal facial types in mixed dentition using posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs:preliminary results

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the craniofacial features of subjects with normal occlusion with different vertical patterns in the mixed dentition using morphometric analysis (Thin-Plate Spline analysis - TPS) applied to posteroanterior (PA) films. The sample comprised 39 individuals (18 females and 21 males), all in mixed dentition, aged from 8.4 to 10 years with satisfactory occlusion and balanced profile and with no history of orthodontic or facial orthopedic treatment. The sample was divided into three groups (mesofacial, brachyfacial and dolichofacial) according to the facial types proposed by Ricketts (1989). The average craniofacial configurations of each study group were obtained by orthogonal superimposition of Procrustes, thereby eliminating size differences and allowing only shape differences between groups to be analyzed by viewing the TPS deformation grid. Significant differences were found among the three facial types but were more remarkable between mesofacials and dolichofacials than between mesofacials and brachyfacials. TPS morphometric analysis proved efficient for accurate visualization of transverse and vertical differences among facial types even before pubertal growth spurt. These differences cannot be easily detected by traditional posteroanterior cephalometry.

3D Comparison of Mandibular Response to Functional Appliances: Balters Bionator versus Sander Bite Jumping

Aim. To assess the three-dimensional (3D) maxillomandibular and dental response to Balters Bionator (BB) and the Sander Bite Jumping Appliance (SBJA) in growing patients. Materials and Methods. Twenty-seven Class II division 1 patients (13 males, 14 females), consecutively treated with either the BB (9 females, 7 males; 10.1±1.6 years) or SBJA (5 females, 6 males; 11±1.9 years), were collected from a single orthodontic practice. All patients presented overjet ≥5 mm, full Class II or end-to-end molar relationship, mandibular retrusion. CBCT scans were available at T1 and after removal of the functional appliances (T2) with a mean interval of 18 months. The 3D location and direction of skeletal and dental changes with growth and treatment were quantitatively assessed. Statistical analysis was performed by means of Mann–Whitney U test (p<0.05). Results. Patients treated with the SBJA and BB orthopedic appliances presented, respectively, 4.7 mm and 4.5 mm of 3D displacement of the chin, with marked ramus growth of, respectively, 3.7 mm and 2.3 mm. While the mandible and maxilla grew downward and forward, no opening of the mandible plane was observed. Both appliances adequately controlled labial inclination of lower incisors (1.3° and 0.3°, for the SBJA and BB groups, resp.). No significant between-group differences were found for the T2−T1 changes for any of the variables, with the exception of molar displacements (significantly greater in the SBJA group than in the BB group, 1.2 mm and 0.9 mm, resp.). Conclusions. The maxillomandibular and dental growth responses to BB and SBJA therapies are characterized by vertical ramus growth and elongation of mandible that improve the maxillomandibular relationship with adequate control of lower incisor position

<b>Morphometric analysis of three normal facial types in mixed dentition using posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs: preliminary results

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the craniofacial features of subjects with normal occlusion with different vertical patterns in the mixed dentition using morphometric analysis (Thin-Plate Spline analysis - TPS) applied to posteroanterior (PA) films. The sample comprised 39 individuals (18 females and 21 males), all in mixed dentition, aged from 8.4 to 10 years with satisfactory occlusion and balanced profile and with no history of orthodontic or facial orthopedic treatment. The sample was divided into three groups (mesofacial, brachyfacial and dolichofacial) according to the facial types proposed by Ricketts (1989). The average craniofacial configurations of each study group were obtained by orthogonal superimposition of Procrustes, thereby eliminating size differences and allowing only shape differences between groups to be analyzed by viewing the TPS deformation grid. Significant differences were found among the three facial types but were more remarkable between mesofacials and dolichofacials than between mesofacials and brachyfacials. TPS morphometric analysis proved efficient for accurate visualization of transverse and vertical differences among facial types even before pubertal growth spurt. These differences cannot be easily detected by traditional posteroanterior cephalometry.

A Constituição domada : democracia e o conselho de comunicação social

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, 2007.Esta dissertação é uma análise do debate que conduziu à aprovação do capítulo da comunicação social da Constituição de 1988 e também uma avaliação do atual Conselho de Comunicação Social à luz do seus objetivos constituintes. O primeiro capítulo descreve as expectativas e os resultados da discussão constituinte sobre o potencial democrático das comunicações. Neste sentido, destaca a interação da parte mais importante desta indústria, a televisão, com os três poderes da República no período anterior à aprovação da Constituição de 1988. Em seguida, o texto identifica o surgimento, no interior da Constituinte, de um direito novo, o direito à comunicação, e analisa a importância deste direito naquele contexto. Por fim, retoma a relação problemática entre os três poderes e a indústria das comunicações, desta vez com foco na idéia de se criar um conselho para democratizar as comunicações. O segundo capítulo enfoca o Conselho de Comunicação Social. Primeiramente, trata do processo de instalação do Conselho e da definição de suas funções. Em seguida, discute a sua atuação efetiva. Por fim, destaca como foi realizada a reativação, no Conselho, de argumentos que se contrapunham ao direito à comunicação na versão constituinte, em especial a defesa da autonomia da indústria. A dissertação conclui que a diferença entre o que o Conselho de Comunicação Social deveria ser e o que realmente é é uma evidência do caráter contraditório da Constituição. Assim, o Conselho pode ser considerado um produto da Constituição “domada” que reafirma princípios democráticos ao mesmo tempo em que dificulta a sua efetivação. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe thesis tells a history of the chapter on social communication of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and evaluates the present Board of Social Communication (Conselho de Comunicação Social) against the background of its proposed objective: a democracy based on the right to communicate. In the first chapter, I describe the expectations and the results of the constitutionmaking process, underlining the firm belief of some of the delegates to the Constituent Assembly of 1987 on the democratic potential of communication technologies. I focus on the interaction between broadcasting and the State. Emphasis is given to the industry’s opinion regarding the three powers of the Republic. I show how it was possible to appeal to a new right, the right to communicate, in order to advance democracy in communication. Finally, I address the tension between separation of powers and the lobby of the broadcasting industry. My focus is the disagreement regarding the proposal of creating a “board” with an clear agenda of pursuing democracy in communication In the second chapter, I address the reality of the Social Communication Board, an organization created in accordance to the final text of the Constitution of 1988. It is not difficult to conclude that the real Board is far from what the delegates had in mind. Instead of a regulator, an almost irrelevant body is to be found. The option for a Board devoid of all relevant competence not only illustrates the limiting effect of all following legislation, but also indicates that the Board may have been captured by the same interests which dismissed its necessity during the Constituent Assembly. The work concludes that the difference between what the Social Communication Board was supposed to be and what it actually is is itself an evidence of the contradictory character of the Constitution. Thus, the Board is itself an evidence of the “tame Constitution” that affirms democratic principles while preventing its effectiveness

Estudo longitudinal das alterações dentoesqueléticas à longo prazo da má oclusão de classe II, divisão 1ª tratada com o Bionator de Balters utilizando-se a cefalometria radiográfica e a morfometria geométrica

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos à longo prazo do tratamento com o bionator base (Classe II) de Balters de pacientes com maloclusão de Classe II e retrusão mandibular em crescimento usando-se a morfometria (análise de thin-plate spline [TPS]). Materiais e Métodos: Vinte e três pacientes (8 meninos e 15 meninas) foram consecutivamente tratados com o bionator de Balters (grupo bionator). A amostra foi avaliada em T0, início do tratamento; em T1, final da terapia com o Bionator; e em T2, na observação à longo prazo (incluindo uma fase com aparelhos fixos). A idade média ao início do tratamento foi de 10 anos e 2 meses (T0); no pós-tratamento foi de 12 anos e 3 meses; e no acompanhamento à longo prazo de 18 anos e 2 meses (CVM 6). O grupo controle constou de 22 indivíduos (11 meninos e 11 meninas) sem tratamento da maloclusão de Classe II. As radiografias cefalométricas foram analisadas nos três tempos de observação para todos os grupos. A análise TPS avaliou estatisticamente (testes de permutação) as diferenças na forma e tamanho craniofacial entre os grupos bionator e controle. Resultados: A análise TPS mostrou que o tratamento com o bionator foi capaz de produzir alterações favoráveis na forma mandibular (deslocamento para frente e para baixo) que contribuiu significantemente para a correção da desarmonia dentoesquelética de classe II, e esses resultados observados à longo prazo são mantidos após cessar o crescimento. O grupo controle não apresentou diferenças estatísticamente significantes no sentido da correção da Classe II. Conclusões: Este estudo sugere que o tratamento com o bionator na Classe II mantém resultados favoráveis à longo prazo na forma craniofacial com a combinação de alterações dentoalveolares e esqueléticas.Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of the standard (Class II) Balters bionator in growing patients with Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion by using morphometrics (thin-plate spline [TPS] analysis). Material and Methods: Twenty-tree Class II patients (8 male and 15 female) were treated consecutively with the Balters bionator (bionator group). The sample was evaluated at T0, start of treatment; T1, end of bionator therapy; and T2, long-term observation (including fixed appliances). Mean age at the start of treatment was 10 years 2 months (T0); at posttreatment, 12 years 3 months (T1); and at long-term follow-up, 18 years 2 months (CS 6). The control group consisted of 22 subjects (11 males and 11 females) with untreated Class II malocclusions. Lateral cephalograms were analyzed at the three time points for all groups. TPS analysis evaluated statistical (permutation tests) differences in the craniofacial shape and size between the bionator and control groups. Results: TPS analysis showed that treatment with the bionator is able to produce favorable mandibular shape changes (forward and downward displacement) that contribute significantly to the correction of the Class II dentoskeletal imbalance and these results are maintained at long-term observation after completion of growth. The control group showed no statistically significant differences in the correction of Class II malocclusion. Conclusions: This study suggests that bionator treatment of Class II malocclusion maintains shape favorable results over the long-term with a combination of skeletal and dentoalveolar changes.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Fios ortodônticos superelásticos e sua aplicabilidade na clínica ortodôntica: revisão da literatura

During clinical routine, the orthodontist uses several materials, which include metallic alloys in the form of metallic wires. However, it is necessary that the professional has some knowledge of the properties of those wires. Different types of wires are commercially available: stainless steel wires, chrome-cobalt wires, nickel-titanium wires and beta-titanium wires. Among the nickel-titanium wires, there are three subdivisions: a conventional alloy and two superelastic alloys. The superelasticity, associated to the effect of form memory, is a property used in orthodontics to initiate the dental movement in the first phase of the orthodontic treatment. This property is considered to be biologically compatible with the effective dental movement. These wires are available at the market in different transformation temperatures, and they offer the best adaptation in the groove of the bracket, simplicity and a faster treatment. However, they present little formability, and they don’t accept solder. They are also more onerous than other wires. Moreover, the low rigidity of these wires doesn’t allow them to be used for the retraction of the anterior teeth or closing of spaces. Therefore, the coherent use of superelastic orthodontic wires is recommended, accompanied by a detailed diagnosis and planning, so the result will be an efficient orthodontic correction, accomplished in a shorter period of time.Na rotina clínica diária, o ortodontista usa diversos materiais, que incluem ligas metálicas na forma de fios metálicos. Entretanto, para que o profissional exerça uma Ortodontia de excelência é necessário que ele tenha conhecimento das propriedades desses fios. Existem diferentes tipos de fios no mercado: fios de aço inoxidável, fios de cromo-cobalto, fios de níquel-titânio e fios de beta-titânio. Entre os fios feitos de liga de níquel-titânio, existem três subdivisões: uma liga convencional e duas ligas superelásticas. A superelasticidade, associada ao efeito memória de forma, é uma propriedade usada em ortodontia para iniciar o movimento dentário na primeira fase do tratamento ortodôntico. Essa propriedade é considerada biologicamente compatível com o movimento dentário efetivo. Esses fios apresentam-se no mercado em diferentes temperaturas de transformação, oferecem a melhor adaptação na ranhura do braquete, proporcionando maior simplicidade e rapidez ao tratamento. Entretanto, apresentam pouca formabilidade, e não aceitam solda. Também são mais onerosos que outros fios. Além disso, a baixa rigidez desses fios não permite que sejam utilizados para a retração dos dentes anteriores ou fechamento de espa- ços. Portanto, recomenda-se o uso coerente dos fios ortodônticos superelásticos, acompanhado de um ótimo diagnóstico e planejamento, para que o resultado seja uma correção ortodôntica mais eficiente e realizada em menor período de tempo

Morphometric analysis of long-term dentoskeletal effects induced by treatment with Balters bionator

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of the standard (Class II) Balters bionator in growing patients with Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion by using morphometrics (thin-plate spline [TPS] analysis). Materials and Methods: Twenty-three Class II patients (8 male, 15 female) were treated consecutively with the Balters bionator (bionator group). The sample was evaluated at T0, start of treatment; T1, end of bionator therapy; and T2, long-term observation (including fixed appliances). Mean age at the start of treatment was 10 years 2 months (T0); at posttreatment, 12 years 3 months (T1); and at long-term follow-up, 18 years 2 months (T2). The control group consisted of 22 subjects (11 male, 11 female) with untreated Class II malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms were analyzed at the three time points for all groups. TPS analysis evaluated statistical differences (permutation tests) in the craniofacial shape and size between the bionator and control groups. Results: TPS analysis showed that treatment with the bionator is able to produce favorable mandibular shape changes (forward and downward displacement) that contribute significantly to the correction of the Class II dentoskeletal imbalance. These results are maintained at a long-term observation after completion of growth. The control group showed no statistically significant differences in the correction of Class II malocclusion. Conclusions: This study suggests that bionator treatment of Class II malocclusion produces favorable results over the long term with a combination of skeletal and dentoalveolar shape changes