Quantum nonlinear spectroscopy via correlations of weak Faraday-rotation measurements

The correlations of fluctuations are key to studying fundamental quantum physics and quantum many-body dynamics. They are also useful information for understanding and combating decoherence in quantum technology. Nonlinear spectroscopy and noise spectroscopy are powerful tools to characterize fluctuations, but they can access only very few among the many types of higher-order correlations. A systematic quantum sensing approach, called quantum nonlinear spectroscopy (QNS), is recently proposed for extracting arbitrary types and orders of time-ordered correlations, using sequential weak measurement via a spin quantum sensor. However, the requirement of a central spin as the quantum sensor limits the versatility of the QNS since usually a central spin interacts only with a small number of particles in proximity and the measurement of single spins needs stringent conditions. Here we propose to employ the polarization (a pseudo-spin) of a coherent light beam as a quantum sensor for QNS. After interacting with a target system (such as a transparent magnetic material), the small Faraday rotation of the linearly polarized light can be measured, which constitutes a weak measurement of the magnetization in the target system. The correlated difference photon counts of a certain numbers of measurement shots can be made proportional to a certain type and order of correlations of the magnetic fluctuations in the material. This protocol of QNS is advantageous for studying quantum many-body systems

InterBoxes: A social innovation in education in rural China

Social innovation has increasingly become a hot topic in China, a process in which multiple sectors collaborate with each other, aiming to change the status quo through creative, effective, efficient and sustainable ways. InterBoxes is an innovative project in the form of a social enterprise that commits to improving physical school conditions by building libraries, classrooms, schools and dormitories with refurbished cargo shipping containers called “Boxes”. Within the scope of this project the word “Inter” signifies that each Box is equipped with an Internet connection to the outside world. Conceptually, as a social enterprise, the for-profit, business arm of InterBoxes is projected to operate within metropolitan areas, building structures such as cafés, gyms, bookstores, etc., all which will generate revenue to support the nonprofit operation in rural areas. This descriptive case study examines the implementation and use of InterBoxes as a library in a rural primary school and addresses the promises and challenges facing the project. The findings indicate that InterBoxes demonstrates much potential as a social innovation to improve physical school conditions and other rural education issues through the creative use of space and place. Recommendations for scaling up its operation in connection with a larger global network of innovation using shipping containers are discussed

Phase-encoded computer-generated-hologram implemented with liquid crystal television

ABSTRACT The advantages of phase-encoded computer-generated-hologram (CGH) are high diffraction efficiency and the ability to reconstruct images on-axis. These advantages are very fundamental and important for many applications. The implementation of phase-encoded CGH by using electrical-addressable liquid crystal television (LCTV) with pure phase-modulation provides the ability for programmable optical interconnections, optical neural systems, optical switches etc. In this paper we adopt the iterative Fourier transform algorithm to design a pure phase CGH. We also report the modulation characteristics of LCTV and its application for displaying the phase-encoded CGH. Criterions for evaluating the quality of output images are proposed

Ridge detection for nonstationary multicomponent signals with time-varying wave-shape functions and its applications

We introduce a novel ridge detection algorithm for time-frequency (TF) analysis, particularly tailored for intricate nonstationary time series encompassing multiple non-sinusoidal oscillatory components. The algorithm is rooted in the distinctive geometric patterns that emerge in the TF domain due to such non-sinusoidal oscillations. We term this method \textit{shape-adaptive mode decomposition-based multiple harmonic ridge detection} (\textsf{SAMD-MHRD}). A swift implementation is available when supplementary information is at hand. We demonstrate the practical utility of \textsf{SAMD-MHRD} through its application to a real-world challenge. We employ it to devise a cutting-edge walking activity detection algorithm, leveraging accelerometer signals from an inertial measurement unit across diverse body locations of a moving subject

Glass-Embedded Fan-Out Antenna-in-Packaging for 5G Millimeter Wave Applications

The paper proposes a novel Antenna-in-Packaging (AiP) structure design for 60 GHz, millimeter wave WiFi applications. In the AiP design, single- or double-sided glass redistribution layers were embedded in a typical fan-out (FO) packaging structure to introduce design flexibility and to improve the radiation properties of the antenna. ANSYS-HFSS software was employed for electromagnetic (EM) characteristic simulations on the fan-out AiP (FO_AiP) design. To improve antenna radiation performance, single factor analyses were first performed to study the impact of each of the design parameters. A consecutive procedure followed to find more suitable combinations of the design parameters. As a result, two typical glass-embedded FO_AiP structures - one with 7.6 GHz bandwidth plus 4.7 dB gain and upward radiation, and another with 5.3 GHz bandwidth plus 5.2 dB gain and downward radiation, are proposed for the 60 GHz applications

Glass-Embedded Fan-Out Antenna-in-Packaging for 5G Millimeter Wave Applications

The paper proposes a novel Antenna-in-Packaging (AiP) structure design for 60 GHz, millimeter wave WiFi applications. In the AiP design, single- or double-sided glass redistribution layers were embedded in a typical fan-out (FO) packaging structure to introduce design flexibility and to improve the radiation properties of the antenna. ANSYS-HFSS software was employed for electromagnetic (EM) characteristic simulations on the fan-out AiP (FO_AiP) design. To improve antenna radiation performance, single factor analyses were first performed to study the impact of each of the design parameters. A consecutive procedure followed to find more suitable combinations of the design parameters. As a result, two typical glass-embedded FO_AiP structures - one with 7.6 GHz bandwidth plus 4.7 dB gain and upward radiation, and another with 5.3 GHz bandwidth plus 5.2 dB gain and downward radiation, are proposed for the 60 GHz applications

Activation of Sp1-mediated transcription by Rta of Epstein–Barr virus via an interaction with MCAF1

Rta is a transcription factor encoded by BRLF1 of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). This factor is expressed during the immediate-early stage of the lytic cycle to activate the genes required for EBV lytic development. Although transcription activation by Rta is frequently associated with the binding of Rta to the Rta-response element (RRE) in promoters, Rta sometimes activates promoters without an RRE. Here we show that Rta interacts with an Sp1-interacting protein, MBD1-containing chromatin-associated factor 1 (MCAF1). This interaction is critical to the formation of an Sp1–MCAF1–Rta complex at Sp1 sites. Therefore, following lytic induction and the expression of Rta, Rta increases Sp1-mediated transcription. The genes that are thus activated include p16, p21, SNRPN and BRLF1. However, the binding of Rta to RRE prevents the interaction between Rta and MCAF1; therefore, transcription activation by RRE depends only on Rta, and not on MCAF1 or Sp1. Furthermore, this study finds that MCAF1 promotes the expression of Rta and Zta from EBV, indicating that MCAF1 participates EBV lytic activation. Our study documents the critical role of Rta in regulating the transcription of the genes that are mediated by Sp1