12 research outputs found

    METODOLOG脥A PARA EL C脕LCULO DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DE LA LOG脥STICA FARMAC脡UTICA EN CUBA

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    Introducci贸n: El aumento del impacto ambiental en la log铆stica farmac茅utica, ha despertado el inter茅s por el uso de herramientas como el An谩lisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para lograr operaciones menos agresivas con el medioambiente. A pesar de esto, su uso continua siendo fragmentario y existe poca evidencia de su aplicaci贸n en la log铆stica de medicamentos en Cuba. Por lo tanto, es necesario dise帽ar una herramienta para el apoyo a la toma de decisiones con enfoque en el impacto ambiental de las operaciones log铆sticas. Objetivo: Dise帽ar una metodolog铆a para el c谩lculo del impacto ambiental de las operaciones log铆sticas en la cadena de suministro de medicamentos en Cuba. Materiales y M茅todos: A partir de la revisi贸n de la literatura especializada, se dise帽贸 una metodolog铆a con enfoque en el ACV y para el c谩lculo del impacto ambiental de la log铆stica farmac茅utica聽en Cuba. Adem谩s, se caracteriz贸 el funcionamiento log铆stico de la cadena de suministro de medicamentos para contextualizar la aplicaci贸n de la metodolog铆a y favorecer la toma de decisiones. Resultados y Discusi贸n: Se dise帽贸 una metodolog铆a adaptada a las caracter铆sticas de la log铆stica farmac茅utica en Cuba. Esta constituye una gu铆a para tomar decisiones enfocadas en las operaciones log铆sticas sostenibles. El dise帽o se llev贸 a cabo con enfoque en la mejora continua y la retroalimentaci贸n para asegurar la implementaci贸n efectiva. Conclusiones: La aplicaci贸n de la metodolog铆a permitir谩 el dise帽o de los procesos log铆sticos a lo largo de la cadena de suministro de medicamentos para la selecci贸n de alternativas m谩s limpias

    Editorial

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    ESTRATEGIA DE LOCALIZACI脫N CON ENFOQUE MULTIOBJETIVO PARA ALMACENES INTERMEDIOS EN PROCESOS DE RECICLAJE DE ENVASES DE VIDRIO

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    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="ES"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Los problemas de ubicaci贸n de instalaciones (<em>facilities location</em>) son considerados por diversos autores, como problemas complejos o tambi茅n llamados NP-<em>hard</em>, y han sido ampliamente estudiados en literaturas especializadas de Investigaci贸n de Operaciones. La localizaci贸n de instalaciones valora un conjunto de lugares factibles en los cuales pudieran situarse centros de producci贸n de bienes, servicios, almacenes, etc. La ubicaci贸n de estas instalaciones implica costo de inversi贸n en estructuras y otros costos asociados a la apertura de la misma, as铆 como, una posible ganancia futura. A diferencia de otras investigaciones, el presente trabajo propone la obtenci贸n 贸ptima de ubicaci贸n, con enfoque multiobjetivo, para varios almacenes simult谩neamente, los cuales son declarados como intermedios en procesos de reciclaje de envases de vidrios para una cervecer铆a cubana. El trabajo propone la utilizaci贸n de Algoritmos Evolutivos Multiobjetivo, los cuales han sido abordados en investigaciones relacionadas con el tema pero orientados esencialmente a instalaciones de servicio.</span></span></p&gt

    Mapeo del Flujo de Valor para el an谩lisis de sostenibilidad en cadenas de suministro agro-alimentarias

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    Currently, it is attempted to determine how to feed the growing world population sustainably. To achieve it is necessary to know the current and the desired state of the agri-food supply chains; for which, the Value Stream Mapping has been formerly used. The research aims to determine the state of knowledge and its implementation practice for supply chain sustainability analysis through a systematic literature review and use of backward and forward search methods. It is concluded that the Value Stream Mapping encompasses a wide range of elements, when combined with approaches such as Life Cycle Analysis, Methods and Time Study, Ergonomics, Occupational Health and Safety . Besides, the value stream simulation facilitates the identification of feasible improvements.En la actualidad, se intenta determinar c贸mo alimentar de forma sostenible la creciente poblaci贸n mundial; para ello, es necesario conocer el estado actual y deseado de las cadenas de suministro agro-alimentarias. El presente estudio busca determinar el estado del conocimiento y de la pr谩ctica de su implementaci贸n para el an谩lisis de sostenibilidad en cadenas de suministro. Mediante con el mapeo de flujo de valor, el an谩lisis sistem谩tico de la literatura existente en bases de datos cient铆ficas reconocidas y la utilizaci贸n de los llamados: m茅todos de b煤squeda hacia detr谩s y hacia adelante. Se concluye que el Mapeo de Flujo de Valor abarca un amplio rango de elementos, al combinarse con enfoques, tales como: an谩lisis del ciclo de vida, m茅todos y tiempos de trabajo, ergonom铆a, seguridad y salud. La simulaci贸n del flujo de valor facilita la identificaci贸n de mejoras factibles

    APLICACI脫N DE UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA DETERMINACI脫N Y EVALUACI脫N DE LOS FALLOS EN UN BANCO DE SANGRE

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 </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">La aplicaci贸n de un procedimiento para la determinaci贸n y evaluaci贸n de los fallos en el proceso de donaci贸n de sangre total del Banco de Sangre Provincial de Villa Clara, permiti贸 caracterizar este proceso, identificar sus variables cr铆ticas, proporcionar las bases para proponer nuevos puntos cr铆ticos de control y establecer las acciones necesarias para la reducci贸n o eliminaci贸n de las fallas detectadas; contribuy茅ndose a garantizar la calidad y seguridad de la sangre y hemocomponentes y el aumento de la satisfacci贸n de los servicios de transfusi贸n hospitalarios y pacientes, lo cual constituye una necesidad para el logro de la seguridad transfusional. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">聽</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-GB">The application of a procedure for the determination and evaluation of the shortcomings in the process of donation of total blood of the Bank of Provincial Blood of Villa Clara, allowed to characterize this process, to identify her critical variables, to provide the bases to propose new critical points of control and to establish the necessary actions for the reduction or elimination of the detected flaws; being contributed to guarantee the quality and security of the blood and hemocomponentes and to the increase of the satisfaction of the hospital and patient transfusion services that which constitutes a necessity for the achievement of the transfusional security.</span></em></p> <em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: " lang="ES"></span></em></p></span></em&gt

    La gesti贸n de Tecnolog铆as de la Informaci贸n: an谩lisis factorial confirmatorio

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    The management of information technologies plays a significant role in organizations, given the importance that is given to the business to each of the components that comprise it individually. However, the interrelation that exists between all edges has not been empirically tested, using statistical or mathematical methods that give foundation and credibility to this relationship. In the present investigation, a multivariate statistical technique was applied in order to verify the relationship between these components: the Structural Equation Models, specifically the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, an extremely useful procedure in the field of hypothesis testing and confirmation of theories. As a result, the empirical validation of all the interrelationships was obtained, the differentiation of the levels of interrelation between the different components and the identification of which elements of the evaluated ones have greater influence within each component.La gesti贸n de tecnolog铆as de la informaci贸n desempe帽a un rol significativo en las organizaciones, dada la importancia que se le confiere para el negocio a cada uno de los componentes que la conforman de manera individual. Sin embargo, no ha sido probado emp铆ricamente la interrelaci贸n que existe entre todas las aristas, empleando m茅todos estad铆sticos o matem谩ticos que den fundamento y credibilidad a dicha relaci贸n. En esta investigaci贸n se aplic贸 una t茅cnica estad铆stica multivariante con el objetivo de comprobar la relaci贸n existente entre dichos componentes: los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, espec铆ficamente el an谩lisis factorial confirmatorio, procedimiento sumamente 煤til en el 谩mbito de la prueba de hip贸tesis y la confirmaci贸n de teor铆as. Se obtuvo la validaci贸n emp铆rica de todas las interrelaciones planteadas, la diferenciaci贸n de los niveles de interrelaci贸n entre los distintos componentes y la identificaci贸n de qu茅 elementos de los evaluados tiene mayor influencia dentro de cada componente

    Desarrollo sostenible: afectaciones en la dimensi贸n social de la cadena de suministro inversa

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    The study addresses the relationship between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and sustainable development as an articulating element of its three dimensions: environmental, economic and social. Variables that integrate the social dimension in the field of recycling are evaluated, where in a previous study it is concluded that in Ecuador the reverse supply chain in household appliances (refrigerators) has shortcomings in this dimension and affects the sustainability of the RENOVA program. A method to integrate the results of the evaluation of variables at the level of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) dedicated to the recycling of refrigerators using the survey is proposed. The effects on the working environment are significant, interfering with sustainable development in the area of recycling, where the Social Group Entropy Optimization Algorithm (SGEO) model to optimize the variable was used. The results set the basis for an organizational change from the use of ICT, tending to open innovation, knowledge management, shared information management and project monitoring.Se aborda la relaci贸n entre las Tecnolog铆as de la Informaci贸n y la Comunicaci贸n (TIC) y desarrollo sostenible como elemento articulador de sus tres dimensiones: ambiental, econ贸mico y social. Se eval煤an variables que integran la dimensi贸n social en el campo del reciclaje. Se propone un m茅todo para integrar resultados de evaluaci贸n de la dimensi贸n social a nivel de Peque帽as y Medianas Empresas (PyMES) dedicadas al reciclaje de refrigeradores haciendo uso de la encuesta. Las afectaciones en el clima laboral son significativas, interfiriendo el desarrollo sostenible en el 谩rea del reciclaje, donde para optimizar la variable se utiliz贸 el modelo Social Group Entropy Optimization Algorithm (SGEO), por sus siglas en ingl茅s. Los resultados sientan bases para un cambio organizacional desde el uso de las TIC, tendiente a la innovaci贸n abierta, gesti贸n del conocimiento, gesti贸n de informaci贸n compartida y seguimiento de proyectos

    Aplicaci贸n del an谩lisis modal de fallos y efectos en el proceso de donaci贸n de sangre total Application of modal analysis of failures and effects in the process of total blood donation

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    La b煤squeda constante de medidas para garantizar la calidad y seguridad de la sangre y hemocomponentes constituye una necesidad para el logro de la seguridad transfusional. Aunque las buenas pr谩cticas de producci贸n tienen el objetivo de disminuir los riesgos para obtener productos puros, seguros y eficaces, es necesario complementarlas con herramientas que permitan prevenir los posibles fallos y detectar dichos riesgos. Tal es el caso de la aplicaci贸n del An谩lisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos en el Banco de Sangre Provincial de Villa Clara, donde se identificaron y evaluaron las posibles fallas del proceso de donaci贸n de sangre total, lo que permiti贸 caracterizar este proceso, identificar sus variables cr铆ticas, proporcionar las bases para proponer nuevos puntos cr铆ticos de control y establecer las acciones necesarias para la reducci贸n o eliminaci贸n de las fallas detectadas. Esto contribuy贸 al aumento de la satisfacci贸n de los servicios de transfusi贸n hospitalarios y de los pacientes.<br>The constant search of measures to guarantee the quality and the safe of blood and hemocomponents is a need to achieve the transfusion safe. Although the aim of the good practices of production was to decrease the risks to obtain pure, safe and effective products, it is necessary its fulfillment with tools allowing to prevent the potential failures and to detect such risks. That is the case of the application of the Modal Analysis of Failures and Effects in the Provincial Blood Bank of Villa Clara where the potential failures in the process of total blood donation were identified and assessed, allowing to characterize it, to identify its critical variables, to lay the foundations to propose new critical points of control and to establish the actions necessary to reduce or to eliminate the failures detected. All this contributed to the satisfaction of hospital transfusion services and of patients

    A meta-analytical study of the impact of Lean Production on business performance

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    Lean Production (LP) is one of the most common initiatives in Operations Management that firms adopt to boost their competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extant research on the relationship between LP and business performance (BP). The study analyses the data from 30 articles published from 2000 to 2016 that meet two targeted criteria, that they have: (i) empirically analysed the relationship between LP, or any measure of LP, and at least one measure of BP, and (ii) reported the effect size of the relationship between LP and BP measured with Pearson's correlation coefficients or related methods. Distinctions are made between two different performance outcomes (financial and market) and six LP practices. Using the Hunter and Schmidt (2004) meta-analysis based correlations approach, the obtained results show that a positive and moderate relationship exists between aggregate level LP and aggregate level business performance (r 虆麓 = 0.31). There is also a positive relationship with market performance, but not with financial performance. Only three individual practices are statistically related to business performance (Process Control and Improvement, Workforce Development, and Customer Focus). The country鈥檚 level of economic development is also found to act as a moderating variable in several of the studied relationships and to have a greater effect in Emerging Economies than in Advanced Economies.Junta de Andaluc铆a (Espa帽a) Proyectos de Excelencia PAIDI (P08- SEJ-03841)Junta de Andaluc铆a-EE. UU. Acci贸n especial SGUIT-2015 (SBAPA2015-06) HPM-Proyecto 2015-148Programa Nacional Espa帽ol de Dise帽o y Producci贸n Industrial (

    ASISTENCIA DECISIONAL EN EL PROCESO DE OPTIMIZACI脫N PARA EL ENRUTAMIENTO DE VEH脥CULOS

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&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference" /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title" /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography" /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading" /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;mce:style&gt;&lt;! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} --&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;El problema de enrutamiento de veh铆culos ha sido ampliamente estudiado por diferentes autores, generalmente especialistas en las 谩reas de la Investigaci贸n de Operaciones y la Log铆stica. En ocasiones este problema se hace tan complejo que requiere algoritmos que encuentren su soluci贸n en tiempo factible y con adecuada calidad. Diversas investigaciones cient铆ficas han mostrado el uso efectivo de algoritmos heur铆sticos en problemas reales de enrutamiento de grandes dimensiones. Por otra parte, en un grupo no menos importante de investigaciones, se evidencian valiosas soluciones con algoritmos exactos y aproximados (los aproximados no ser谩n abordados en esta investigaci贸n) aplicados a problemas de dimensiones inferiores. Es por ello que la motivaci贸n fundamental de esta investigaci贸n conduce a realizar un an谩lisis previo a la optimizaci贸n concreta de problemas reales de enrutamiento, con la finalidad de conocer en qu茅 grupo de algoritmos (exactos o heur铆sticos) estar谩 la posible soluci贸n de los mismos. En el trabajo se propone el uso de An谩lisis Discriminante, con vista a clasificar el 谩rea de soluci贸n para problemas reales de enrutamiento de veh铆culos en empresas cubanas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;聽&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-US"&gt;The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) has been extensively studied by different authors, often specialists in the areas of Operations Research and Logistics. Sometimes this problem is so complex that it requires algorithms to find feasible solution in time with adequate quality. Several researches have shown the effective use of heuristic algorithms on vehicle routing for large dimension problem.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span class="longtext1"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;" lang="EN-US"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-US"&gt;Moreover, in a not least important researches solutions are demonstrated with exact and approximate algorithms (the approximate not be addressed in this research) applied to problems with lower dimensions. For that reason the aim is to make an analysis before optimization process of real VRP in order to know which group of algorithms (exact or heuristic) will be the possible solution of them. The paper proposes &lt;a name="OLE_LINK25"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a name="OLE_LINK24"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Discriminate Analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in order to classify the solution area for a real VRP in Cuban Enterprise.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt
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