ASISTENCIA DECISIONAL EN EL PROCESO DE OPTIMIZACIÓN PARA EL ENRUTAMIENTO DE VEHÍCULOS

Abstract

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table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} --> <!--[endif]--></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">El problema de enrutamiento de vehículos ha sido ampliamente estudiado por diferentes autores, generalmente especialistas en las áreas de la Investigación de Operaciones y la Logística. En ocasiones este problema se hace tan complejo que requiere algoritmos que encuentren su solución en tiempo factible y con adecuada calidad. Diversas investigaciones científicas han mostrado el uso efectivo de algoritmos heurísticos en problemas reales de enrutamiento de grandes dimensiones. Por otra parte, en un grupo no menos importante de investigaciones, se evidencian valiosas soluciones con algoritmos exactos y aproximados (los aproximados no serán abordados en esta investigación) aplicados a problemas de dimensiones inferiores. Es por ello que la motivación fundamental de esta investigación conduce a realizar un análisis previo a la optimización concreta de problemas reales de enrutamiento, con la finalidad de conocer en qué grupo de algoritmos (exactos o heurísticos) estará la posible solución de los mismos. En el trabajo se propone el uso de Análisis Discriminante, con vista a clasificar el área de solución para problemas reales de enrutamiento de vehículos en empresas cubanas.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-US">The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) has been extensively studied by different authors, often specialists in the areas of Operations Research and Logistics. Sometimes this problem is so complex that it requires algorithms to find feasible solution in time with adequate quality. Several researches have shown the effective use of heuristic algorithms on vehicle routing for large dimension problem.</span></em><span class="longtext1"><em><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;" lang="EN-US"> </span></em></span><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-US">Moreover, in a not least important researches solutions are demonstrated with exact and approximate algorithms (the approximate not be addressed in this research) applied to problems with lower dimensions. For that reason the aim is to make an analysis before optimization process of real VRP in order to know which group of algorithms (exact or heuristic) will be the possible solution of them. The paper proposes <a name="OLE_LINK25"></a><a name="OLE_LINK24"><span>Discriminate Analysis</span></a> in order to classify the solution area for a real VRP in Cuban Enterprise.</span></em></p&gt