342 research outputs found
Ferroelectricity and related effects on carrier transport in type-II Weyl semimetal WTe thin film
We investigate ferroelectric polariation as well as the formation of
long-range order and the carrier density distribution in type-II Weyl semimetal
WTe in phase.
It is been found that the metallicity and ferroelectricity can coexist in
bulk WTe which has a significant impact on the electrical
transport\cite{Sharma}, despite its large conductance. Also, our theoretical
calculation and numerical simulation provide a deeper insight to the electrical
structure-dependent dynamics of WTe. Base on the two-level approximation
verify that the polarization stems from uncompensated out-of-plane interband
transition of the electrons, which is base on the calculations of the dipole
transition moment (in both the momentum space and frequency domain), and we
found that the topological character of type-II Weyl system is closely related
to the electronic behaviors (like the carrier compensation) and the excitations
near the Weyl cone. The anisotropy and the topologically protected
spin-polarized bulk (Weyl orbit) and surface states in WTe induce
hysteresis, which exhibitspotential in applications of non-volatile
energy-efficient data-storage devices. Part of the properties of WTe are
also shares shared by the thermoelectric properties with other two-dimensional
transition-metal dichalcogenides, like the WSe and MoTe
Improving Outfit Recommendation with Co-supervision of Fashion Generation
The task of fashion recommendation includes two main challenges: visual
understanding and visual matching. Visual understanding aims to extract
effective visual features. Visual matching aims to model a human notion of
compatibility to compute a match between fashion items. Most previous studies
rely on recommendation loss alone to guide visual understanding and matching.
Although the features captured by these methods describe basic characteristics
(e.g., color, texture, shape) of the input items, they are not directly related
to the visual signals of the output items (to be recommended). This is
problematic because the aesthetic characteristics (e.g., style, design), based
on which we can directly infer the output items, are lacking. Features are
learned under the recommendation loss alone, where the supervision signal is
simply whether the given two items are matched or not. To address this problem,
we propose a neural co-supervision learning framework, called the FAshion
Recommendation Machine (FARM). FARM improves visual understanding by
incorporating the supervision of generation loss, which we hypothesize to be
able to better encode aesthetic information. FARM enhances visual matching by
introducing a novel layer-to-layer matching mechanism to fuse aesthetic
information more effectively, and meanwhile avoiding paying too much attention
to the generation quality and ignoring the recommendation performance.
Extensive experiments on two publicly available datasets show that FARM
outperforms state-of-the-art models on outfit recommendation, in terms of AUC
and MRR. Detailed analyses of generated and recommended items demonstrate that
FARM can encode better features and generate high quality images as references
to improve recommendation performance
Current Status of the Open Abdomen Treatment for Intra-Abdominal Infection
The open abdomen has become an important approach for critically ill patients who require emergent abdominal surgical interventions. This treatment, originating from the concept of damage control surgery, was first applied in severe traumatic patients. The ultimate goal is to achieve formal abdominal fascial closure by several attempts and adjuvant therapies (fluid management, nutritional support, skin grafting, etc.). Up to the present, open abdomen therapy becomes matured and is multistage-approached in the management of patients with severe trauma. However, its application in patients with intra-abdominal infection still presents great challenges due to critical complications and poor clinical outcomes. This review focuses on the specific use of the open abdomen in such populations and detailedly introduces current concerns and advanced progress about this therapy
A Self-Correcting Sequential Recommender
Sequential recommendations aim to capture users' preferences from their
historical interactions so as to predict the next item that they will interact
with. Sequential recommendation methods usually assume that all items in a
user's historical interactions reflect her/his preferences and transition
patterns between items. However, real-world interaction data is imperfect in
that (i) users might erroneously click on items, i.e., so-called misclicks on
irrelevant items, and (ii) users might miss items, i.e., unexposed relevant
items due to inaccurate recommendations. To tackle the two issues listed above,
we propose STEAM, a Self-correcTing sEquentiAl recoMmender. STEAM first
corrects an input item sequence by adjusting the misclicked and/or missed
items. It then uses the corrected item sequence to train a recommender and make
the next item prediction.We design an item-wise corrector that can adaptively
select one type of operation for each item in the sequence. The operation types
are 'keep', 'delete' and 'insert.' In order to train the item-wise corrector
without requiring additional labeling, we design two self-supervised learning
mechanisms: (i) deletion correction (i.e., deleting randomly inserted items),
and (ii) insertion correction (i.e., predicting randomly deleted items). We
integrate the corrector with the recommender by sharing the encoder and by
training them jointly. We conduct extensive experiments on three real-world
datasets and the experimental results demonstrate that STEAM outperforms
state-of-the-art sequential recommendation baselines. Our in-depth analyses
confirm that STEAM benefits from learning to correct the raw item sequences
The Interactions Between Candida albicans and Mucosal Immunity
Mucosa protects the body against external pathogen invasion. However, pathogen colonies on the mucosa can invade the mucosa when the immunosurveillance is compromised, causing mucosal infection and subsequent diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to timely and effectively monitor and control pathogenic microorganisms through mucosal immunity. Candida albicans is the most prevalent fungi on the mucosa. The C. albicans colonies proliferate and increase their virulence, causing severe infectious diseases and even death, especially in immunocompromised patients. The normal host mucosal immune defense inhibits pathogenic C. albicans through stepwise processes, such as pathogen recognition, cytokine production, and immune cell phagocytosis. Herein, the current advances in the interactions between C. albicans and host mucosal immune defenses have been summarized to improve understanding on the immune mechanisms against fungal infections
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