81 research outputs found
MAP kinase pathways and calcitonin influence CD44 alternate isoform expression in prostate cancer cells
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dysregulated expression and splicing of cell adhesion marker CD44 is found in many types of cancer. In prostate cancer (PC) specifically, the standard isoform (CD44s) has been found to be downregulated compared with benign tissue whereas predominant variant isoform CD44v7-10 is upregulated. Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and paracrine calcitonin are two common factors linked to dysregulated expression and splicing of CD44 in cancer. Calcitonin has been found to increase proliferation and invasion in PC acting through the protein kinase A pathway.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In androgen-independent PC with known high CD44v7-10 expression, CD44 total and CD44v7-10 RNA or protein were assessed in response to exogenous and endogenous calcitonin and to inhibitors of protein kinase A, MEK, JNK, or p38 kinase. Benign cells and calcitonin receptor-negative PC cells were also tested.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>MEK or p38 but not JNK reduced CD44 total RNA by 40%–65% in cancer and benign cells. Inhibition of protein kinase A reduced CD44 total and v7-10 protein expression. In calcitonin receptor-positive cells only, calcitonin increased CD44 variant RNA and protein by 3 h and persisting to 48 h, apparently dependent on an uninhibited p38 pathway. Cells with constitutive CT expression showed an increase in CD44v7-10 mRNA but a decrease in CD44 total RNA.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The MEK pathway increases CD44 RNA, while calcitonin, acting through the protein kinase A and p38 pathway, facilitates variant splicing. These findings could be used in the formulation of therapeutic methods for PC targeting CD44 alternate splicing.</p
Prognostic impact of the expression of putative cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD166, CD44s, EpCAM, and ALDH1 in colorectal cancer
The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic impact of putative cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD166, CD44s, EpCAM, and aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) in colorectal cancer
Beteiligungspräferenzen, -erfahrungen und -barrieren bei Tumorpatienten - eine Befragung von Nutzern des Krebsinformationsdienstes (KID)
Partizipative Entscheidung: Präferenzen, Erfahrungen und Barrieren bei Tumorpatienten - eine Befragung von Nutzern des Krebsinformationsdienstes (KID)
A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF DITHIENO[2,3-b] [2,3-h]QUINOLINES AND PYRIMIDO [4′,5′:4,5]THIENO [2,3-b]THIENO[2,3-h]QUINOLINES
α-Substituted 1-Aryl-3-dimethylaminopropanone Hydrochlorides: Potent Cytotoxins towards Human WiDr Colon Cancer Cells
Dispersant-free dyeing of polyester with temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes from indole derivatives
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