Probiotics and prebiotics in periodontal therapy

There has been a paradigm shift toward ecological and microbial community-based approach in understanding oral diseases. A marked improvement in gastrointestinal health has been reported after using probiotic bacteria and/or prebiotic supplements,which has prompted much interest in the use of this approach for oral applications. Treatment of periodontal disease in recent years has moved toward an antibiotic/antimicrobial model of disease management. With increase in the incidence of resistance to antibiotics, probiotics may be a promising area of research in periodontal therapy. This paper reviews the evidences for the use of probiotics or prebiotics for the prevention of dental caries or periodontal diseases, and also adresses the risk associated with their prolonged use. Many questions have been raised pertaining to the benefits of probiotic administration, as the role of probiotics in periodontics is still in infancy, and a complete understanding of the broad ecological changes induced in the mouth by probiotics or prebiotics is essential to assess their long-term consequences for oral health and disease

Access to health care among rural population: A comparative study in Mayurbhanj & Jagatsinghpur District of Odisha

Background: Good health is very important to human productivity and the “development” process, economic and technological development of the individual as well as for the nation. A healthy community is an asset to nation. The progress of nation is measured by health of its people because healthy people can contribute for the betterment and progress of the nation. Objectives: Toassess the existing status, adequacy and utilization of health services under NRHM in the selected areas in Mayurbhanj & Jagatsinghpur district of the state, Methodology: This is a mixed-method study conducted at Erasama block of Jagatsinghpur District & Baripada Block of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha. Both Primary and secondary data has been used for the study. As a part of qualitative component, n-depth interview and Focussed group discussion were conducted among a subgroup of study participants. Study was conducted from April-2018 to March -2019inAmbiki village and Rangamatia of Erasama and Baripada Blocks respectively. Findings of study: Most of the ASHAs are providing services to a population of more than the specified standard of 1,000. Transportation ofantenatal mothers was found to be a major problem. The total compensation ASHAs receive for each month was comparatively low

Correlative analysis of plasma and urine neopterin levels in the pre- and post-menopausal women with periodontitis, following nonsurgical periodontal therapy

Context: Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition which is distinguished by the devastation of the supported tooth structures. In such inflammatory conditions, some biomarkers such as neopterin will be secreted and elevated in the body fluids, which can be used as a diagnostic marker for the present and future disease activity. Aims: Assessment of the neopterin as a biomarker in inflammatory conditions such as menopause and periodontitis. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional interventional study. Materials and Methods: Sixty female individuals with a mean age of 40–60 years with chronic periodontitis were included in this study. All were categorized into two groups of thirty each, depending on their menstrual history: Group I – thirty premenopausal women and Group II – thirty postmenopausal women. Urine and plasma were collected from both groups to estimate neopterin levels. ELISA kit was used to assess the neopterin levels at baseline and after 3 months of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Statistical Analysis Used: IBM SPSS version 21 software. Results: A significant depreciation in the mean values of all the parameters from baseline to 3 months (P < 0.001), in the intragroup analysis, was observed. Plasma (0.006) and urine (0.004) reduction was seen. Conclusions: In both the groups, in 3 months after NSPT, decreased neopterin levels were found, suggesting that the NSPT is the definitive therapy. Further, suggesting that, neopterin levels in the plasma and urine can be used as an index to identify the periodontal inflammation and destruction

An IOT framework for detecting cardiac arrhythmias in real-time using deep learning resnet model

A cardiac arrhythmia poses a serious health risk to patients and can have serious consequences for their health. A clinical assessment of arrhythmia disorders could save a person's life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will revolutionize the healthcare sector by continuously monitoring cardiac arrhythmia diseases remotely and minimally invasively. We propose a frame-work that will facilitate the development of a practical diagnostic tool for the identification of cardiac arrhythmias in real-time in this work. An Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is processed using the Pan Tompkins QRS (Quantum Resonance System) detection method in order to extract the dynamic properties of the signal. The inter beat (RR) intervals are derived from an ECG signal in order to determine the characteristics of heart rate variability. The electrocardiogram is primarily used to identify irregular heartbeats (cardiac arrhythmias). Therefore, in our study, we evaluated other factors such as the heartbeat of the individual. As part of our IoT deployment, we are storing and analyzing data collected by the Pulse Sensor on the ThingSpeak IoT platform. The designed circuit's real-time collection of heartbeat and beats per minute values was uploaded to Thingspeak. Over the course of more than a week, we collected a variety of heart data. We propose Multi Channel Residual Network (MCHResNet) a deep-learning based solution that relies on multi-channel convolutions to detect both spatial and frequency features from electrocardiograms to facilitate the classification process. Based on the well-known Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital Arrhythmia (MIT-BIH-AR) database, we evaluate the proposed framework against MCH ResNet. Our IoT-based framework has been shown to be effective based on the results reported in this paper

EVALUATION OF DENTAL ERUPTION AND SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS IN HEALTHY GIRLS WITHIN THE 14-16 YEARS AGE GROUP: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For several decades, dental radiographs have been utilized to determine chronological age, serving purposes such as forensic identification, monitoring migration patterns, and evaluating dental development, among other applications. Tooth eruption, a developmental morphology criterion, can be assessed through either clinical examination or the evaluation of dental radiographs for the determination of dental age. A research investigation was undertaken to conduct synchronized assessments of dental eruption and secondary sexual characteristics. One hundred healthy school-going adolescent females, aged 14-16 years, were examined to assess the status of dental eruption, including the space behind the second molar tooth, along with observations of secondary sexual characteristics. All the subjects were given questionnaire to collect information regarding their dietary habit, socio-economic status and exercise habits. Observations regarding the degree of epiphyseal union, presence or absence of space behind the second molar tooth, stage of second molar tooth eruption and stage of development of pubertal changes were recorded for each subject, statistically analysed. Eruption of the second molar tooth was complete in 96% of girls aged 14-15 and, in all girls, aged 15-16. The development of the space behind the second molar tooth is significant in the lower jaw by the age of 15-16 in females. Pubic hair development mostly ranged from Stage 3 to Stage 4 in females aged 14-16, while breast development varied from Stage 2-3 in 14-15-year-olds to Stage 3-4 in 15-16-year-olds. The mean age of menarche was 12.34 years.&lt;/p&gt

EXPLORING HAND RADIOGRAPH OSSIFICATION PATTERNS IN ADOLESCENT FEMALES (14-16 YEARS) IN BAGALKOT CITY, KARNATAKA: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Bone age, a valuable indicator of biological and structural maturity, often surpasses chronological age in significance. The hand and wrist radiograph is a prevalent modality for determining bone age, with forensic applications necessitating precise age estimation. &lt;strong&gt;Aim &amp; Objective:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;This study delved into the ossification status at elbow and wrist joints in female adolescent. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A radiological study of hand was conducted on total 100 girls of age group 14–16 years,&nbsp;healthy school-going girls in Bagalkot city district, Karnataka, India. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The radiographs were studied in detail and the findings were recorded. a cohort of 100 Our observations revealed that, by ages 14-16, all epiphyseal centers around the elbow joint, barring conjoint epiphyses, were undergoing fusion. Notably, by age 14, ossification around the elbow joint in girls reached 90% completion, culminating in full ossification by age 15. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;By the age of 14, girls typically exhibit complete fusion of the conjoint epiphysis, medial epicondyle, proximal end of the radius, and in 94% of cases, the proximal end of the ulna. Furthermore, by age 15, the distal end of the radius achieves complete fusion in 96% of girls, indicating advanced skeletal maturation.&lt;/p&gt