Symposion: Soziologie und Schule

Die Relevanz soziologischer Bildung in Schule und Lehre, deren Stärkung im Kanon der (sozialwissenschaftlichen) Fächer sich der Ausschuss »Soziologie in Schule und Lehre« im Auftrag der DGS seit 2015 systematisch widmet, ist so unumstritten wie unerforscht. Das Symposion beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten des Verhältnisses von Soziologie und Schule und der Vermittlung soziologischen Wissens an Schüler/innen und zukünftige Lehrer/innen. Die Beiträge behandeln die Soziologie als multiperspektivisches Orientierungswissen für Schüler/innen, um Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Politik mitzugestalten, aber auch als Befähigung für Lehrende und Lernende, die schulische Lebenswelt zu reflektieren und mitzubestimmen. Die bildungswissenschaftliche Kompetenzvermittlung wird mit Blick auf die Rolle der Soziologie untersucht, mit Berichten aus universitärer und (berufs)schulischer Praxis ins Verhältnis gesetzt und das Symposion mit der Forderung nach »Promotion« des Faches abgeschlossen. Since 2015 the committee on »Sociology in School and Teaching« of the DGS has been systematically working to strengthen the relevance of sociology education in school and teaching within the canon of (social scientific) subjects – a goal that is as uncontested as it is unexplored. The symposium addresses different aspects of the relationship between sociology and school and how sociological knowledge can be taught to pupils and future teachers. The contributions treat sociology as multiperspectival orientational knowledge for pupils, so that they can help shape society, economics and politics, but also to enable teachers and learners to reflect on and codetermine the life world ›school‹. Educational-scientific competence training is examined with regard to the role of sociology and put into perspective with reports from university and (vocational) school practice. The symposium concludes with the demand for »promotion« of the subject

Intranasal Delivery of MVA Vector Vaccine Induces Effective Pulmonary Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 in Rodents

Antigen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) and neutralizing IgA antibodies provide the most effective protection of the lungs from viral infections. To induce those essential components of lung immunity against SARS-CoV-2, we tested various immunization protocols involving intranasal delivery of a novel Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-SARS-2-spike vaccine candidate. We show that a single intranasal MVA-SARS-CoV-2-S application in mice strongly induced pulmonary spike-specific CD8+ T cells, albeit restricted production of neutralizing antibodies. In prime-boost protocols, intranasal booster vaccine delivery proved to be crucial for a massive expansion of systemic and lung tissue-resident spike-specific CD8+ T cells and the development of Th1 - but not Th2 - CD4+ T cells. Likewise, very high titers of IgG and IgA anti-spike antibodies were present in serum and broncho-alveolar lavages that possessed high virus neutralization capacities to all current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Importantly, the MVA-SARS-2-spike vaccine applied in intramuscular priming and intranasal boosting treatment regimen completely protected hamsters from developing SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and pathology. Together, these results identify intramuscular priming followed by respiratory tract boosting with MVA-SARS-2-S as a promising approach for the induction of local, respiratory as well as systemic immune responses suited to protect from SARS-CoV-2 infections

Klotho Lacks a Vitamin D Independent Physiological Role in Glucose Homeostasis, Bone Turnover, and Steady-State PTH Secretion In Vivo

Apart from its function as co-receptor for fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), Klotho is thought to regulate insulin signaling, intracellular oxidative stress, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in an FGF23 independent fashion. Here, we crossed Klotho deficient (Kl−/−) mice with vitamin D receptor (VDR) mutant mice to examine further vitamin D independent functions of Klotho. All mice were fed a rescue diet enriched with calcium, phosphorus, and lactose to prevent hyperparathyroidism in VDR mutants, and were killed at 4 weeks of age after double fluorochrome labeling. Kl−/− mice displayed hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, dwarfism, organ atrophy, azotemia, pulmonary emphysema, and osteomalacia. In addition, glucose and insulin tolerance tests revealed hypoglycemia and profoundly increased peripheral insulin sensitivity in Kl−/− mice. Compound mutants were normocalcemic and normophosphatemic, did not show premature aging or organ atrophy, and were phenocopies of VDR mutant mice in terms of body weight, bone mineral density, bone metabolism, serum calcium, serum phosphate, serum PTH, gene expression in parathyroid glands, as well as urinary calcium and phosphate excretion. Furthermore, ablation of vitamin D signaling in double mutants completely normalized glucose and insulin tolerance, indicating that Klotho has no vitamin D independent effects on insulin signaling. Histomorphometry of pancreas islets showed similar beta cell volume per body weight in all groups of animals. In conclusion, our findings cast doubt on a physiologically relevant vitamin D and Fgf23 independent function of Klotho in the regulation of glucose metabolism, bone turnover, and steady-state PTH secretion in vivo

Differential Modulation of Angiogenesis by Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents in a Mouse Model of Ischaemic Retinopathy

BACKGROUND: Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) are widely used to treat anaemia but concerns exist about their potential to promote pathological angiogenesis in some clinical scenarios. In the current study we have assessed the angiogenic potential of three ESAs; epoetin delta, darbepoetin alfa and epoetin beta using in vitro and in vivo models. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The epoetins induced angiogenesis in human microvascular endothelial cells at high doses, although darbepoetin alfa was pro-angiogenic at low-doses (1-20 IU/ml). ESA-induced angiogenesis was VEGF-mediated. In a mouse model of ischaemia-induced retinopathy, all ESAs induced generation of reticulocytes but only epoetin beta exacerbated pathological (pre-retinal) neovascularisation in comparison to controls (p<0.05). Only epoetin delta induced a significant revascularisation response which enhanced normality of the vasculature (p<0.05). This was associated with mobilisation of haematopoietic stem cells and their localisation to the retinal vasculature. Darbepoetin alfa also increased the number of active microglia in the ischaemic retina relative to other ESAs (p<0.05). Darbepoetin alfa induced retinal TNFalpha and VEGF mRNA expression which were up to 4 fold higher than with epoetin delta (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study has implications for treatment of patients as there are clear differences in the angiogenic potential of the different ESAs

Lvsvs Metrici

LVSVS METRICI Lvsvs Metrici ([1]r) Title page ([1]r) Epistola Dedicatoria ([1]) Pars Prima ([3]) Pars Altera ([11]) Epilogus ([14]

Eye-tracking decision behaviour in choice-based conjoint analysis

Meißner M, Essig K, Pfeiffer T, Decker R, Ritter H. Eye-tracking decision behaviour in choice-based conjoint analysis. Perception. 2008;37(Suppl. 1):97-97