Avaliação do clube de revista de anestesiologia por meio de mudanças semânticas

ResumoJustificativa e objetivosa abordagem interativa de um clube de revista foi descrita na literatura de ensino médico. O objetivo desta investigação é apresentar uma avaliação do clube de revista como uma ferramenta para discutir a questão da leitura crítica entre os residentes.Métodoseste estudo relata o desempenho dos médicos residentes de anestesiologia do Hospital das Clínicas – Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Todos os médicos residentes foram convidados a responder a cinco perguntas derivadas de artigos discutidos. A folha de resposta consistia em uma declaração afirmativa com uma escala do tipo Likert (discordo totalmente, discordo, não tenho certeza, concordo, concordo totalmente), cada declaração relacionada a um dos artigos escolhidos. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio da análise de itens – índice de dificuldade e poder de discriminação.Resultadosos residentes completaram 173 avaliações nos meses de dezembro de 2011 (n=51), julho de 2012 (n=66) e dezembro de 2012 (n=56). O primeiro teste apresentou todos os itens com declaração direta e o segundo e terceiro testes apresentaram itens mistos. Separar “concordo totalmente” de “concordo” aumentou os índices de dificuldade, mas não melhorou o poder de discriminação.Conclusõeso uso de uma avaliação do clube revista com declarações diretas e inversas e com o uso de uma escala de cinco pontos para acordo mostrou aumentar a dificuldade do item e o poder de discriminação. Isso pode refletir o envolvimento com a leitura ou com a discussão durante as reuniões do clube.AbstractBackground and objectivesThe interactive approach of a journal club has been described in the medical education literature. The aim of this investigation is to present an assessment of journal club as a tool to address the question whether residents read more and critically.MethodsThis study reports the performance of medical residents in anesthesiology from the Clinics Hospital – University of São Paulo Medical School. All medical residents were invited to answer five questions derived from discussed papers. The answer sheet consisted of an affirmative statement with a Likert type scale (totally disagree–disagree–not sure–agree–totally agree), each related to one of the chosen articles. The results were evaluated by means of item analysis – difficulty index and discrimination power.ResultsResidents filled one hundred and seventy three evaluations in the months of December 2011 (n=51), July 2012 (n=66) and December 2012 (n=56). The first exam presented all items with straight statement, second and third exams presented mixed items. Separating “totally agree” from “agree” increased the difficulty indices, but did not improve the discrimination power.ConclusionsThe use of a journal club assessment with straight and inverted statements and by means of five points scale for agreement has been shown to increase its item difficulty and discrimination power. This may reflect involvement either with the reading or the discussion during the journal meeting

O uso de dados epidemiológicos como base para o desenvolvimento de um currículo médico

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Epidemiology may help educators to face the challenge of establishing content guidelines for the curricula in medical schools. The aim was to develop learning objectives for a medical curriculum from an epidemiology database. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study assessing morbidity and mortality data, conducted in a private university in São Paulo. METHODS: An epidemiology database was used, with mortality and morbidity recorded as summaries of deaths and the World Health Organization's Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY). The scoring took into consideration probabilities for mortality and morbidity. RESULTS: The scoring presented a classification of health conditions to be used by a curriculum design committee, taking into consideration its highest and lowest quartiles, which corresponded respectively to the highest and lowest impact on morbidity and mortality. Data from three countries were used for international comparison and showed distinct results. The resulting scores indicated topics to be developed through educational taxonomy. CONCLUSION: The frequencies of the health conditions and their statistical treatment made it possible to identify topics that should be fully developed within medical education. The classification also suggested limits between topics that should be developed in depth, including knowledge and development of skills and attitudes, regarding topics that can be concisely presented at the level of knowledge

Anesthesiology Journal club assessment by means of semantic changes

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: the interactive approach of a journal club has been described in the medical education literature. The aim of this investigation is to present an assessment of journal club as a tool to address the question whether residents read more and critically. METHODS: this study reports the performance of medical residents in anesthesiology from the Clinics Hospital - University of São Paulo Medical School. All medical residents were invited to answer five questions derived from discussed papers. The answer sheet consisted of an affirmative statement with a Likert type scale (totally disagree-disagree-not sure-agree-totally agree), each related to one of the chosen articles. The results were evaluated by means of item analysis - difficulty index and discrimination power. RESULTS: residents filled one hundred and seventy three evaluations in the months of December 2011 (n = 51), July 2012 (n = 66) and December 2012 (n = 56). The first exam presented all items with straight statement, second and third exams presented mixed items. Separating "totally agree" from "agree" increased the difficulty indices, but did not improve the discrimination power. CONCLUSIONS: the use of a journal club assessment with straight and inverted statements and by means of five points scale for agreement has been shown to increase its item difficulty and discrimination power. This may reflect involvement either with the reading or the discussion during the journal meeting

Use of epidemiological data as the basis for developing a medical curriculum

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Epidemiology may help educators to face the challenge of establishing content guidelines for the curricula in medical schools. The aim was to develop learning objectives for a medical curriculum from an epidemiology database. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study assessing morbidity and mortality data, conducted in a private university in São Paulo. METHODS: An epidemiology database was used, with mortality and morbidity recorded as summaries of deaths and the World Health Organization's Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY). The scoring took into consideration probabilities for mortality and morbidity. RESULTS: The scoring presented a classification of health conditions to be used by a curriculum design committee, taking into consideration its highest and lowest quartiles, which corresponded respectively to the highest and lowest impact on morbidity and mortality. Data from three countries were used for international comparison and showed distinct results. The resulting scores indicated topics to be developed through educational taxonomy. CONCLUSION: The frequencies of the health conditions and their statistical treatment made it possible to identify topics that should be fully developed within medical education. The classification also suggested limits between topics that should be developed in depth, including knowledge and development of skills and attitudes, regarding topics that can be concisely presented at the level of knowledge

Enseñanza de la anestesiología durante el pregrado por medio de una liga académica: ¿cuál es el impacto en el aprendizaje de los alumnos?

Justificativa e objetivos: As ligas acadêmicas vêm se firmando como instrumentos de ensino médico e inserção dos estudantes de medicina na prática das especialidades, inclusive na anestesiologia. Como o papel das ligas no processo de desenvolvimento de competências e aprendizado de seus alunos não é bem conhecido, avaliou-se o aprendizado dos integrantes de uma liga acadêmica de anestesiologia após um ano de participação nas suas atividades. MÉTODO: Os alunos de uma liga acadêmica de anestesiologia foram acompanhados de março a dezembro de 2010 e avaliados por meio de testes cognitivos objetivos de múltipla escolha aplicados antes do início das atividades e após sua conclusão. A frequência nas atividades e o perfil epidemiológico dos alunos foram correlacionados aos resultados dos testes. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 20 acadêmicos do 3º ao 6º ano, com média de idade de 22,8 (21-26) anos. A frequência média nas atividades propostas foi 10,4/13 (80%). A média de acertos no primeiro teste foi 8,1/17 (47,6%), sendo que os alunos do 3º ano apresentam notas menores (p < 0,02) em relação aos demais. No teste pós-liga, a média de acertos foi 11,9/17 (70%), mostrando melhora no desempenho dos alunos (p < 0,05), e não houve diferença entre as notas dos diferentes anos da graduação. Foi encontrada relação forte entre frequência nas atividades e melhora nas notas (r = 0,719; p < 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: Os alunos que participaram da liga apresentaram melhora nos testes de avaliação de conhecimento, sugerindo que a liga é útil instrumento de ensino e promove ganho de aprendizado em anestesiologia. As atividades desenvolvidas nas ligas podem ter papel positivo na formação acadêmica dos graduandos, destacando-se, neste artigo, a anestesiologia.Background and objectives: Academic leagues have been consolidated as instruments of medical teaching and for the introducing of medical students to practice of specialties, including anesthesiology. As the role of leagues in the development process of competencies and learning of their students is not well known, the learning of members of an anesthesiology academic league was evaluated after participating in its activities for one year. Method: Students of an anesthesiology academic league were followed up from March to December 2010 and evaluated through objective cognitive tests of multiple choice applied before the beginning of activities and after their conclusion. Attendance in activities and epidemiologic profile of students were correlated with the tests results. Results: Twenty medical students from 3rd to 6th year were analyzed, with an average age of 22.8 (21-26) years. The average participation in the proposed activities was 10.4/13 (80%). The average of right answers on the first test was 8.1/17 (47.6%), and 3rd year students had lower grades (p &lt; 0.02) compared with other students. In the post league test, the average of right answers was 11.9/17 (70%), showing an improvement in performance (p &lt; 0.05), and there was no difference between grades of different years of the medical undergraduation. A strong relationship between participation in activities and improved grades was found (r = 0.719; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Students who participated in the league had improvement in knowledge evaluation tests, suggesting that the league is a useful teaching instrument that can provide improved learning of anesthesiology. Participation in activities was connected with improved performance. Activities developed in leagues may have a positive role in students' academic education, more specifically in this article, in anesthesiology.Justificativa y objetivos: Las ligas académicas han venido afianzándose como instrumentos de enseñanza médica e inserción de los estudiantes de medicina en la práctica de las especialidades, inclusive en la anestesiología. Como el papel de las ligas en el proceso de desarrollo de competencias y de aprendizaje de sus alumnos no es algo que se conoce muy bien, se evaluó el aprendizaje de los integrantes de una liga académica de anestesiología después de un año de participación en sus actividades. MÉTODO: Los alumnos de una liga académica de anestesiología tuvieron un seguimiento desde marzo a diciembre de 2010, y fueron evaluados por medio de test cognitivos objetivos de múltiple elección, aplicados antes del inicio de las actividades y después de su conclusión. La frecuencia en las actividades y el perfil epidemiológico de los alumnos fueron correlacionados con los resultados de los test. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 20 académicos del 3º al 6º año, con un promedio de edad de 22,8 (21-26) años. La frecuencia promedio en las actividades propuestas fue 10,4/13 (80%). El promedio de aciertos en el primer test fue de 8,1/17 (47,6%), siendo que los alumnos del 3º año tenían notas más bajas (p < 0,02) con relación a los demás. En el test post-liga, el promedio de aciertos fue de 11,9/17 (70%), mostrando una mejoría en el desempeño de los alumnos (p < 0,05), sin diferencias entre las notas de los diferentes años del pregrado. Se encontró una fuerte relación entre la frecuencia en las actividades y la mejoría en las notas (r = 0,719; p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: Los alumnos que participaron en la liga obtuvieron una mejoría en los test de evaluación de conocimiento, lo que indica que la liga es un instrumento útil de enseñanza y que genera progresos en el aprendizaje en anestesiología. Las actividades desarrolladas en las ligas pueden tener un rol positivo en la formación académica de los graduandos, destacándose, en este artículo, la propia anestesiología