Valuation of Child Behavioral Problems from the Perspective of US Adults

To assess preferences between child behavioral problems and estimate their value on a quality-adjusted life year (QALYs) scale

Principles of Accounting -22/E

As the leader in pedagogical innovation, Principles of Accounting 22 edition, introduce the next step in the evolution of accounting textbooks. Through discussions at the Blue Sky Workshops and other instructor interactions, this edition is closer than ever the becoming the “perfect“ accounting text. To help guide students, the author revised and focused the chapter objectives and developed key learning outcomes related to each chapter objectives. All aspect of the chapter content and end – of – chapter exercises and problems connect back to these objectives and related outcomes. In doing so, student can test their understanding and quickly locate concept to review

Experiences of people with disabilities during and after Tropical Cyclone Pam and recommendations for humanitarian leaders

The situation and needs of people with disabilities following Tropical Cyclone Pam (TC Pam) were generally not captured in formal mainstream assessments led by the National Disaster Management Office. Where the needs of people with disabilities were identified, these were not prioritised during the response (Government of Vanuatu 2015); and some people with disabilities missed out on distributions altogether. Reflections on the response hypothesized that mainstream assessment methodologies and tools generally missed people with disabilities, and that agencies tended not to automatically include them in their efforts (Ministry of Justice and Community Services & CARE 2015).More detailed information regarding the situation and needs of people with disabilities was required to support effective inclusion of people with disabilities in recovery activities. Vanuatu does not currently have reliable quantitative data on the prevalence, location and experiences of people with disabilities. In response, Oxfam in Vanuatu, Vanuatu Society for People with Disabilities (VSPD), Disability Promotion and Advocacy Association (DPA), the Ministry of Justice and Community Services (MoJCS), Nossal Institute for Global Health and CBM Australia worked with key government organisations to undertake a disability situation and needs assessment in one affected island (Tanna), in order to meet this data gap

Diagnosis of prediabetes in cats: glucose concentration cut points for impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance

Diabetes is typically diagnosed in cats once clinical signs are evident. Diagnostic criteria for prediabetes in cats have not been defined. The objective of the study was to establish methodology and cut points for fasting and 2-h blood glucose concentrations in healthy client-owned senior cats (≥8 yr) using ear/paw samples and a portable glucose meter calibrated for feline blood. Of the 78 cats, 27 were ideal (body condition score [BCS] 4 or 5 of 9), 31 overweight (BCS 6 or 7), and 20 obese (BCS 8 or 9); 19 were Burmese and 59 non-Burmese. After an 18–24-h fast and an ear/paw blood glucose measurement using a portable glucose meter, glucose (0.5 g/kg bodyweight) was administered intravenous and blood glucose measured at 2 min and 2 h. Cut points for fasting and 2-h glucose concentrations were defined as the upper limits of 95% reference intervals using cats with BCS 4 or 5. The upper cut point for fasting glucose was 6.5 mmol/L. Of the overweight and obese cats, 1 (BCS 7) was above this cut point indicating evidence of impaired fasting glucose. The cut point for 2-h glucose was 9.8 mmol/L. A total of 7 cats (4 with BCS 8 or 9 including 1 Burmese; 3 with BCS 6 or 7, non-Burmese) were above this cut point and thus had evidence of impaired glucose tolerance. In conclusion, the methodology and cutpoints for diagnosis of prediabetes are defined for use in healthy cats 8 yr and older with a range of BCSs

The effects of an experimental programme to support students’ autonomy on the overt behaviours of physical education teachers

Although the benefits of autonomy supportive behaviours are now well established in the literature, very few studies have attempted to train teachers to offer a greater autonomy support to their students. In fact, none of these studies has been carried out in physical education (PE). The purpose of this study is to test the effects of an autonomy-supportive training on overt behaviours of teaching among PE teachers. The experimental group included two PE teachers who were first educated on the benefits of an autonomy supportive style and then followed an individualised guidance programme during the 8 lessons of a teaching cycle. Their behaviours were observed and rated along 3 categories (i.e., autonomy supportive, neutral and controlling) and were subsequently compared to those of three teachers who formed the control condition. The results showed that teachers in the experimental group used more autonomy supportive and neutral behaviours than those in the control group, but no difference emerged in relation to controlling behaviours. We discuss the implications for schools of our findings

Expression of Insulinlike Growth Factor (IGF) and IGF-Binding Protein Genes in Human Lung Tumor Cell Lines

Background: The presence of multiple, low-molecular-weight, insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins in lung tumor cell-conditioned medium and lung cancer patient serum has been recently reported. Purpose: To begin to elucidate the genetic basis for these observations, the present study examines the expression by lung tumor cell lines of three IGF-binding protein genes, namely, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3. Since IGF-binding proteins are thought to modulate the biologic action of the IGFs, the relationship between the expression of IGF-binding protein genes and the genes encoding IGF-I and IGF-II also has been investigated. Methods: Gene expression was studied in four small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and three non—small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines using Northern blot analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for IGFBP-1. Results: IGFBP-1 gene expression was detected by Northern blot analysis in one NSCLC cell line only. However, RT-PCR revealed that the IGFBP-1 gene was expressed in all four SCLC cell lines and in two of the three NSCLC lines. Northern blot analysis of IGFBP-2 gene expression demonstrated that all lung tumor cell lines expressed this gene. A low level of IGFBP-3 gene expression was detected in one SCLC cell line and in all three NSCLC cell lines. All lung tumor cell lines expressed the IGF-II gene as determined by Northern blot analysis. In marked contrast, none of the lines showed evidence of IGF-I gene expression using this method. However, RT-PCR revealed a low level of IGF-I gene expression in one SCLC and one NSCLC cell line only. Conclusions: These observations indicate 1) that IGF-binding proteins secreted by lung tumors are encoded by at least three different genes; 2) that there may be a close association between IGF-II and IGFBP-2 gene expression, such that, where there is production of IGF-II, IGFBP-2 is the principal BP; and 3) that the IGF-II gene is more widely expressed than the IGF-I gene in human lung tumor cell lines. [J Natl Cancer Institute 84: 628-634, 1992

Students Engagement in School, Giftedness and Creativity: A literature review

Este E-Book reúne um conjunto de investigações apresentadas no “I Congresso Internacional Envolvimento dos Alunos na Escola: Perspetivas da Psicologia e Educação” (ICIEAE), organizado no âmbito do “Projeto PTDC/CPE-CED/114362/2009 - Envolvimento dos Alunos na Escola: Diferenciação e Promoção” (EAE-DP), financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).Background: The importance of the construct “students engagement in school” (SES) has been recently pointed out in research and literature; however, there is a lack of studies about the relationship between this variable and personal variables, such as giftedness and creativity. These latter variables are conceptualized as a result of the convergence of personal and contextual variables, in which development and learning processes play a relevant role. Giftedness has been studied in its relationship with creativity, which, in turn, appears related to school context. Purpose: This article reviews the literature on the relation between students’ engagement in school and each of the variables of students’ giftedness and students’ creativity, as perceived by the students and their teachers. The importance of this relation arises from the idea that students perceived as having above average capacities, or as creative, have high motivation for learning and engagement in school. Giftedness has been studied in its relationship with creativity, which, in turn, appears related to school context. Method: In order to describe the state of art of student’s engagement in school and Giftedness and Creativity, we prepared a narrative review. Conclusions: Although studies on the relationship between creativity, giftedness and the students’ behavior require further research, the use of creativity as a teaching-learning instrument appears related to school satisfaction and students’ academic performance. The literature review highlights the need to develop research, particularly of quasi-experimental type, on the relationship between students’ engagement in school and the variables giftedness and creativity, as well as on its effects on academic achievement

Bilan et perspectives de la Recherche en Agriculture Bio-dynamique

L’Agriculture Biodynamique (BD) a été l’objet de nombreux efforts de recherches durant les dernières décennies, bien qu’une partie de la communauté scientifique regarde les méthodes biodynamiques avec scepticisme et les considère comme dogmatiques. Néanmoins, comme cela est montré dans cet article de synthèse, une part non négligeable des résultats présentés dans des revues scientifiques à comité de lecture et issus d’expérimentations contrôlées de plein champ, ou d’étude de cas, montrent des effets des préparations biodynamiques sur le rendement, la qualité du sol et la biodiversité. De plus, les préparations biodynamiques ont un impact environnemental positif en termes d’utilisation et d’efficacité énergétique. Cependant, le mode d’action mécanique des préparations biodynamique est toujours en cours d’investigation en sciences naturelles. Par ailleurs, les méthodes d’évaluations de la qualité basées sur des approches globales (holistiques) sont de plus en plus étudiées et reconnues. L’agriculture BD s’efforce également, comme cela est montré dans plusieurs publications, d’influencer positivement le paysage culturel. La synthèse des données montre le besoin de poursuivre les recherches dans le domaine de la qualité des aliments, de la sécurité alimentaire, des performances environnementales (par ex. l’empreinte écologique), et sur l’influences des pratiques BD sur les animaux d’élevage