Clumpy Ultracompact HII Regions I: Fully Supersonic Wind-blown Models

We propose that a significant fraction of the ultracompact HII regions found in massive star-forming clouds are the result of the interaction of the wind and ionizing radiation from a young massive star with the clumpy molecular cloud gas in its neighbourhood. Distributed mass loading in the flow allows the compact nebulae to be long-lived. In this paper, we discuss a particularly simple case, in which the flow in the HII region is everywhere supersonic. The line profiles predicted for this model are highly characteristic, for the case of uniform mass loading. We discuss briefly other observational diagnostics of these models.Comment: To appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 5 pages LaTeX (uses mn.sty and epsf.sty macros) + 4 PS figures. Also available via http://axp2.ast.man.ac.uk:8000/Preprints.htm

Surface electrical properties experiment, part 1

The work is reported which was performed on the Surface Electrical Properties Experiment Data Acquisition System. Areas discussed include: data handling and processing, installation and external signal application, operation of the equipment, and digital output. Detailed circuit descriptions are included

Reduction of computer usage costs in predicting unsteady aerodynamic loadings caused by control surface motions: Computer program description

A digital computer program was developed to calculate unsteady loadings caused by motions of lifting surfaces with leading edge and trailing edge controls based on the subsonic kernel function approach. The pressure singularities at hinge line and side edges were extracted analytically as a preliminary step to solving the integral equation of collocation. The program calculates generalized aerodynamic forces for user supplied deflection modes. Optional intermediate output includes pressure at an array of points, and sectional generalized forces. From one to six controls on the half span can be accomodated

A citation analysis of the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Citation analysis has been widely used to quantify the influence of research articles on the development of science. This paper reports a citation analysis of ten highly cited papers associated with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC), covering the variation of citation with time, the journals in which citations occur, and the types of organization and the geographic regions that use the Cambridge Structural Database. The ten most highly cited papers, comprising four database descriptions (CSD), two geometrical tabulations (TAB) and four basic research papers (RES), received a total of 8494 citations over the period 1981-1998, with more than half of these citations occurring in the literature published from 1995 onwards. The high citation rates of the database descriptions (3573 of 8494) indicate the value of crystallographic data. However, the large number of citations of the geometrical tables (3172) and the research papers (1767) indicate that this value resides not just in the raw data held in the Cambridge Structural Database, but also in the structural knowledge that can be derived from it. In the most recent years covered by the analysis (1995-1998), these ten CCDC publications have received more than 1000 citations per annum (CSD 507, TAB 398 and RES 153 citations per annum) and the detailed analysis shows that these papers, and the data that they discuss, are used not only by crystallographers but also by researchers across the entire range of the chemical sciences

Overcoming Impostor Syndrome

ALA Core\u27s AvramCamp is designed to be a safe and inclusive day-long workshop for people of marginalized genders, including women, non-binary folks, and trans men, to come together and discuss challenges these groups commonly face while working in the library technology field. Each AvramCamp begins with a workshop to talk about Impostor Syndrome: what it is, how to recognize it, and strategies to overcome those feelings of being a fake or a fraud. Participants are encouraged to engage with the facilitators, creating a lively and honest discussion around an often private and sensitive topic

Women's experience of male circumcision in Papua New Guinea: a grounded theory study

Background: Understanding how women experience and manage the myriad issues of male circumcision (MC) for themselves, their sexual partners and their sons is essential to understanding broader HIV and sexual health issues in Papua New Guinea (PNG). A great diversity of traditional and contemporary circumcision and foreskin cutting practices exist across the country. Medical MC is currently being investigated as a HIV prevention strategy. Studies have documented mixed responses by women to MC as a HIV prevention method in PNG. Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, a grounded theory study was conducted using a two-phase approach. Data from a large mixed methods multi-site MC study in 2010/2011 was analysed for themes to inform specific questions for women. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions, that incorporated visual methods such as storyboarding, were then conducted with 67 women at two of the initial study sites - a rural oil palm plantation and an urban university site. Data were inductively analysed to identify codes, categories and a grounded theory. Results: Women have extensive knowledge about MC and foreskin cutting practices, despite cultural norms that mean most women do not participate in decision-making about MC or other penile modifications. Women gain knowledge through personal (sometimes negative) experiences of their partners or children, through cultural traditions and/or through formal training or education. Women who have formal education or training, or who hold formal roles in their communities reported a greater power of choice about their own decision-making, including how MC affects them. Educated women reported more opportunities to influence their partner's decision about MC or other penile modifications, to choose a new partner or arrange MC for their male child/ren. Conclusions: Increased formal and informal education (such as HIV and sexual health training) results in increased status for women and access to a greater range of choices. The often culturally sanctioned low-status roles for women in PNG can be changed with training and/or formal education, which gives more power and thus more choices. If women have greater power of choice, they are less vulnerable to harmful, unintended consequences that may result from a policy of medical MC

The Discovery and Broad-band Follow-up of the Transient Afterglow of GRB 980703

We report on the discovery of the radio, infrared and optical transient coincident with an X-ray transient proposed to be the afterglow of GRB 980703. At later times when the transient has faded below detection, we see an underlying galaxy with R=22.6; this galaxy is the brightest host galaxy (by nearly 2 magnitudes) of any cosmological GRB thus far. In keeping with an established trend, the GRB is not significantly offset from the host galaxy. Interpreting the multi-wavelength data in the framework of the popular fireball model requires that the synchrotron cooling break was between the optical and X-ray bands on July 8.5 UT and that the intrinsic extinction of the transient is Av=0.9. This is somewhat higher than the extinction for the galaxy as a whole, as estimated from spectroscopy.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, and 2 tables. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters on 27 August 199

Awareness and knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer in female students: A survey (with a cautionary note)

We conducted a survey to explore levels of awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer in 170 female students and whether mode of data collection (online vs. paper) affected the results. 27% of women named HPV as a cause of cervical cancer with online respondents more likely to do so. 75% of women had heard of HPV. More online respondents had heard of HPV than paper respondents. 127 women reported having heard of HPV, with a mean knowledge score of 2.989 (standard deviation [SD] 1.599). Online respondents scored higher (3.57, SD 1.316) than paper respondents (2.688, SD 1.591). Knowledge and awareness of HPV and its link to cervical cancer appear to have increased which may be related to the HPV vaccination programme. However, there is still a considerable number of women with little to no knowledge of HPV. Online surveys may result in an inflated estimation of awareness and knowledge