Histopathological prognostic factor comparison of endometrial cancer patients in a tertiary hospital in India

Background: The objective of this study was to describe the histopathological features of patients with endometrial cancer in a tertiary hospital in South India.Methods: This retrospective study included cases diagnosed and operated in a tertiary hospital in the period of 3 years. Histopathological data was retrieved from records and analyzed. The study included both endometrial biopsy and post hysterectomy specimens of which prognostic factor comparison was performed on the latter following TNM and FIGO staging systems.Results: The sample consisted of 43 patients which includes 28 resected and 15 biopsy specimens. Age ranged from a minimum of 27 years to a maximum of 75 years (Mean around 52 years). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological subtype (80 – 85%), while other types included papillary serous adenocarcinoma, stromal sarcoma and malignant mixed mullerian tumour (MMMST). Grade I tumours were 19 in number constituting 79.16% and stage IB tumours were the commonest. Pelvic nodal involvement, lymphatic invasion and recurrence were individually noted in one patient each.Conclusions: This study highlights the prognostic characteristics of endometrial cancer patients with most of them presenting in early stages thereby having a good prognostic outcome

A Case Report of Marfan Syndrome with Literature Review

Marfan syndrome(MFS) is a connective tissue disorder that affects multiple organ systems. Cardiovascular, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities are cardinal features of the syndrome. Its incidence is among the highest of any heritable disorder.Most patients who have Marfan syndrome are usually diagnosed incidentally when they present for a routine physical examination for various reasons. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the literature, as well as describe a 22-year-old male with MFS and right hydroureteronephrosis diagnosed incidentally when he attended our hospital for complaints of fever and right loin pain. This case report emphasizes importance of “Revised Ghent criteria” for the diagnosis of MFS and highlights various clinical signs of MFS

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA DISEASE TREATMENT ONGENETICS MOLECULAR LEVEL IN BASTER, CHHATTISGARH, A REVIEW

Abstract SCA is a hereditary blood disorder considered by irregular haemoglobin causing in the production of sickle shaped red blood cell. Baster in Chhattisgarh a state in central Indian faces a significant problems of sickle cell anemia with a high prevalence among tribal population. This abstract highlight the genetic molecular level treatment methods in baster, Chhattisgarh to take SCA. The advent of molecular biology and genetic research has covered the way for innovatives therapeutics strategies for SCA. Which involve nucleotide substitution in beta globin gene. The genetics molecular level treatment is hematotropoietics stem cell transplantation also known as bone marrow transplantation in baster, Chhattisgarh. Effort are proceeding to expand the availability and accessibiIity of (HSCT) for a sickle cell anemia patients with an emphasis on increasing the number of suitable donor through awareness campaign. Conclusion genetics molecular level treatment approaches for a SCA in baster, Chhattisgarh are gaining momentum and hold great promises foe the management and potentials cure of this unbearable disease the addition of hematopoietics, stem cell transplantation gene therapy, along with continual research effort. Contributed for individual with SCA in baster, chhattisgarh and beyond

INVESTIGATION, THERAPY AND USE OF MOLECULAR BIOMARKER IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Abstract In this article we will discuss anatomy and physiology of kidney in the body. We will define causes, symptoms, stage, complications of chronic kidney disease and use of new technologies of biomarker. When the kidneys are not working properly creatinine levels increased in body, which cause the symptoms of renal failure. Hypertension, tiredness, headache, swelling face and ankles are the symptoms of kidney disease. The Biomarkers use is important for the chronic kidney disease. It is used to confirm the presence of disease. The molecular biomarker in GFR Test is the most important role in chronic renal disease. This study came across the biomarkers of identification of CKD. Disease-specific markers may supplement more general biomarkers. Biomarkers can range from simple physiologic measurements of pulse and blood pressure. Blood samples are test by the help of GFR Test. The GFR is estimated using serum creatinine, a readily available and inexpensive marker. However, serum creatinine varies with age, sex, muscle mass, dietary habits, and medications. Similarly, urine albumin reflects glomerular injury, glomerular permeability, or tubular injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and glomerular hyper filtration .Finally these biomarkers have confirmed the capability to identify early damage, localize injury. Whether the newly identified or kidney biomarkers of underlying pathophysiological processes are purely associations are need to be determine. An approach to bio-marker advance that incorporate mutual with regulatory science involving discipline that is required to make sure that balanced, proof based biomarker development keeps speed with technical and medical need

Multisite Qualitative Study of Primary Care Physicians’ and Midlevel Providers’ Self-Reported Practices and Perceptions About Maintaining Cognitive Health

IntroductionTo facilitate national efforts to maintain cognitive health through public health practice, the Healthy Brain Initiative recommended examining diverse groups to identify stakeholder perspectives on cognitive health. In response, the Healthy Aging Research Network (HAN), funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), coordinated projects to document the perspectives of older adults, caregivers of people with dementia, and primary care providers (PCPs) on maintaining cognitive health. Our objective was to describe PCPs’ perceptions and practices regarding cognitive health.MethodsHAN researchers conducted 10 focus groups and 3 interviews with physicians (N = 28) and advanced practice providers (N = 21) in Colorado, Texas, and North Carolina from June 2007 to November 2008. Data were transcribed and coded axially.ResultsPCPs reported addressing cognitive health with patients only indirectly in the context of physical health or in response to observed functional changes and patient or family requests. Some providers felt evidence on the efficacy of preventive strategies for cognitive health was insufficient, but many reported suggesting activities such as games and social interaction when queried by patients. PCPs identified barriers to talking with patients about cognitive health such as lack of time and patient reactions to recommendations.ConclusionCommunicating new evidence on cognitive health and engaging older adults in making lasting lifestyle changes recommended by PCPs and others may be practical ways in which public health practitioners can partner with PCPs to address cognitive health in health care settings

Histopathological Prognostic Factors In Carcinoma Breast - An Indian Institutional Experience

Objective: Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer are now widely used to predict biological behavior of cancer and to plan its effective management. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate the reports from our histopathology laboratory spanning over a period of 2 years. The aim of this descriptive study was to see the various histopathological features of breast cancer in order to know the pattern of disease in recent time in India. Methods: The pathology reports of primary carcinoma of the breast diagnosed in our laboratory from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2012 (2 year period) were reviewed for details on tumor size, histological type and grade, presence or absence of tumor emboli in vascular channels and lymph node status. Results: Total of 174 patients was included in the study. The mean age of presentation was 47.84 years. In 86 cases the lump was palpable in the upper lateral quadrant, followed by 52 cases in the upper medial quadrant. Duct cell carcinoma was the most common histological subtype (148 cases) accounting for 85% of the cases. Mucinous carcinoma was the second most common, occurring in 7 cases (4%). 81.61 % of tumours were grade II. Highest number of tumours were detected in the T2 stage i.e with size varying between 2 – 5 cms (67.24%). In decreasing frequency T3 > T1 > T4 stage tumours were observed. More number of cases in our study population belonged to either N0 category or N1 category. 90 cases had lymphovascular invasion in our study accounting for 51.72%. Conclusion: Our study puts forth the trends in histopathological prognostic factors in primary carcinoma breast in India

A Pathologist’s perspective of penile carcinoma – an institutional study at Indian Red Cross Hospital, Nellore

Background: Penile cancer is an unusual malignancy with higher incidence rates in developing countries like India when compared to the Western world. Incidence varies from 0.7-2.3 cases per 100,000 men in urban India and 3 cases per 100,000 men in rural India. In spite of its rarity, it forms a suitable medical model for theranostics. Given this relevance we put forward our departmental experience in a rural Indian setup. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective three year study of penile SCC patients managed in Indian Red Cross Cancer Hospital, India. Data was compared with similar studies across the world. Results: 23 patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of penis during the period of study. We witnessed in this study that a relatively younger age of presentation and early stages prevailing. Higher percentage of involvement of prepuce and body was also noted. Conclusion: Consideration of prognostic histopathological factors may help to tailor appropriate management in this infrequent malignancy