The Level Of Comfort Coaches Have For Dealing With Children With Behavioral Disabilities

Studies have shown that children with behavioral disorders should be included in sports. This research looks at the comfort level coaches have with the idea of having children with behavioral disorders on their team. The research goes further into this question by looking at training as a possible option to increase the level of comfort. The study looks into the survey that was conducted and goes into further explanation as to how this affects youth sports. The discussion of the findings shows who is most affected by this research and what else can be examined

Journeys and battles: Spatial and gendered discourses of obsessive-compulsive disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a (mental) health condition that, despite its highly spatial characteristics and high prevalence, has been largely overlooked by human geographers. This thesis seeks to help rectify this oversight by examining the ways in which OCD is gendered, especially in relation to the metaphors used to describe the condition. A conceptual model for a “radical body politics” provides the theoretical framework for this research. Semi-structured interviews, critical reading of stories published by and about people with OCD, and autobiography are used in order to investigate the ways in which men and women utilise discourse in order to represent and make sense of their experiences with OCD. I argue that the ways in which men and women choose to represent through discourse their experiences of OCD have profound implications for their sense of self. Two over-arching discourses are discussed: that of the journey and that of the battle. The more feminised discourse of a journey suggests that the experience of women with OCD is a cathartic pathway of self-realisation with the end-goal of recovery. The more masculinised discourse of battle positions OCD as being both Other to the self and a struggle within the self. Both discourses invoke spatial imagery and have profound implications for how individuals with OCD experience and manage the condition. I also suggest some possible avenues for further geographic research into OCD

The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on the Ability to Reappraise Negative Situations

Sleep and emotion regulation are important components of mental health and may function interdependently in the development and maintenance of mental health disorders. Unfortunately, there is limited experimental work on the impacts of sleep deprivation on reappraisal, a common emotion regulation strategy, in adults. Furthermore, increases in negative and decreases in positive affect are often associated with sleep loss. This study aimed to examine the relation between sleep deprivation and emotion regulation by asking adults to reappraise a series of vignettes before and after a randomly assigned night of sleep deprivation or normal sleep. Additionally, measures of self-reported emotion regulation and affect were collected before and after sleep manipulation. Participants were 76 undergraduate students (39 men, Mage = 19.14; SD = 1.26). Results suggest sleep-deprived participants struggled to reappraise as indicated by more negative valence, as predicted. Additionally, there was a decrease in arousal, contrary to hypotheses. Furthermore, sleep-deprived participants experienced less positive affect compared to their baseline measures and the control group at post-manipulation, as predicted. Both groups showed a decrease in negative affect across timepoints. Lastly, contrary to predictions, there were not significant differences in self-reported reappraisal as a function of sleep condition. This study addresses a key gap in the extant literature and informs our understanding of the consequences of sleep loss on reappraisal and affect, factors germane to the development, maintenance, and treatment of mental illness

Reading the Canadian Battlefield at Quebec, Queenston, Batoche, and Vimy

Early Canadian cultural history is punctuated by a series of battlefields that define not only the Dominion’s expanding territory and changing administration, but also organize Canadian time. This dissertation examines the intersection between official military commemoration, militarism as a social and cultural form, and the creation of a national literature, with specific reference to poetry. By outlining the role war has played in defining Canada’s territory and the constitution of its communities, this dissertation will also uncover both the military history of the post-colonial nation, and the construction of belonging and territory in the “empire” of Canada, from its cultural origins at Quebec, the consolidation of its southern borders during the War of 1812, its claims on a white settler west during the Métis Resistance of 1885, and finally the invention of an international military identity on Vimy Ridge. War is cultural practice as well as political action and a traumatic dislocation, and the cultural history of war extends far beyond combat to inform both the civilian and the soldier, despite the distinctions we might make between the battlefield and the home front. Drawing on theorists of militarism and memory, as well as critics of Canadian cultural history, this dissertation seeks to reveal the underlying structures that govern not only military commemoration in Canada, but also the kind of space such military epistemologies produce, whether through memorials themselves, or through the geographic and literary legacies of a history punctuated by battlefields

The housing experiences of young people on the Isle of Mull

This thesis explores the experience of young people on the Isle of Mull and whether and how institutional innovation could help to alleviate housing market constraint for young people living in rural areas. The research identified that young people were particularly constrained in housing markets due to lack of finance and being in the early stages of employment with difficulty accessing housing compounded by the 2007/08 economic downturn. A review of the literature on rural housing markets revealed that challenging supply and demand issues impacted upon the development of housing and constrained rural markets restricted the housing market for young people, limiting choice. The research explored the agency of young people in rural areas and the structure of the housing market, specifically the institutional actors involved in rural housing markets including, but not limited to, the construction industry, land owners, planners, government and third sector organisations. The research focused on the Isle of Mull, off the west coast of Scotland, to explore the experiences of young people living in a remote rural environment and the problems associated with rural housing markets. Questionnaires were completed by young people who were at school on the Isle of Mull and thirty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with institutional actors involved in rural housing markets and young people living on the Isle of Mull. The research adopted Clapham’s (2005) housing pathways approach to explore the choices of young people in the rural housing market, and Williamson’s (2000; 1998) New Institutional Economics framework (Economics of Institutions) to examine the structure of the housing market on the Isle of Mull. The research highlighted that third-sector organisations could help to bring institutional actors together in the rural housing market and therefore help to alleviate housing constraint for young people on the Isle of Mull

Jane Jacobs\u27 Sidewalk Safety, Tacoma Elementary Schools & GIS

https://digitalcommons.tacoma.uw.edu/gis_projects/1001/thumbnail.jp

The Effects of Fiscal Structure, Leviathan, and Interdependent Demands on Local Public Spending Behavior.

Understanding the fiscal behavior of subnational governments is increasingly important as fiscal responsibilities are devolved. In order to get a clearer picture of subnational government behavior, we employ a median voter model and local government data to perform tests of the fragmentation, decentralization, fiscal illusion, and overlapping jurisdictions hypotheses. A key theoretical result is that estimating horizontal effects of the leviathan and fiscal illusion models without accounting for the interdependent demands for the services of overlapping jurisdictions will result in upwardly biased estimates. We find that controlling for the overlapping jurisdictions relationship is important. This dissertation estimates each model using corresponding municipalities and counties. Our data set includes the both metropolitan and nonmetropolitan local governments in the West, Midwest, and South. We find support for both the decentralization and fragmentation hypotheses in each municipal region. We find more evidence of behavior consistent with a leviathan at the county layer rather than at the municipal layer. Our main fiscal illusion finding is th e difference in the extent of the flypaper effects across municipal and county samples. Municipal samples display a flypaper effect while the flypaper effect is much less prevalent at the county layer. In all but one case, we find symmetry in the overlapping jurisdictions relationships, i. e., changes in county expenditures affect municipal expenditures in the same way that changes in municipal expenditures affect county expenditures. We find a symmetric, complementary strategic relationship in nonmetropolitan West, Metropolitan Midwest, and metropolitan Southern samples. A related line of literature posits that the specific type of organizational form that a government takes affects the level of public expenditures. Our results support the existing public finance literature that the organizational form of government has no effect on expenditures. Our analysis, however, does find differences across types of governments with respect to the leviathan, fiscal illusion, and overlapping jurisdictions variables

An Experimental Test of the Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Approach Behavior

Emotion regulation and sleep have been identified as mechanisms that may be involved in the development and maintenance of many mental health disorders. However, there has been little research into the relation between sleep and emotion regulation. To address this gap in knowledge, a novel study was conducted. We hypothesized that sleep deprived individuals would demonstrate less approach behavior toward a negatively valenced stimulus, as well as increased self-reported avoidance, compared to a control group. To test this, a randomized controlled experiment using a behavioral measure of approach and a self-report measure of avoidance was conducted. Fifty-two healthy individuals ages 18-30 years old who did not meet criteria for any current mental health disorders were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to a full night of sleep deprivation or normal sleep and completed a baseline and post-manipulation behavioral avoidance task (BAT) and self-report of avoidance behavior. Repeated measures ANOVAs demonstrated there were no significant effects of sleep deprivation on approach behaviors. However, self-reported avoidance increased for the sleep deprived participants. Results highlight a discrepancy between predicted and actual behavior, specifically, the effect of sleep deprivation on behavioral approach toward a specific stimulus compared to more resource-intensive cognitive and behavioral approaches found in daily life. This may guide future work investigating top-down and bottom-up processing of emotion regulation