The problem of psychological rehabilitation of persons with disorders of the musculoskeletal system acquired in adulthood

The aim of this study was to study the psychological characteristics of persons with acquired disorders of the musculoskeletal system and to determine the direction and content of psychological rehabilitatio

Correction of morphofunctional changes in mice thymus and spleen by Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC. extract at cyclophosphamide immunosupression

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of R. uniflorum dry extract on morphofunctional state of mice thymus and spleen at cyclophosphamide immunosuppression.Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on F1 (CBAxC57Bl/6) mice 18–20 g of weight. Immune deficiency was simulated by a single intraperitoneal introduction of cyclophosphamide in the dose 250 mg/kg. R. uniflorum dry extract in the dose 100 mg/kg was administered per os for 14 days. The thymus and spleen were fixed for histological studies on day 16. The thymus total area, the cortex and medulla area, the connective tissue capsule thickness, the spleen white and red pulp area were used to measure on micropreparations stained with hematoxylineosin and azure-eosin. The cell density and the cellular composition were calculated in the thymus cortical substance.Results. The R. uniflorum extract increased the thymus total area and the corticomedullary index by 37 and 26 % (p ≤ 0.05), respectively. The cells density increased in the cortical substance, it decreased in the medulla, as a result “layer inversion” is not observed in any animal of the experimental group. The number of proliferating lymphocytes, blasts and large lymphocytes increased; the number of destructive cells and macrophages decreased in the cortical substance. The spleen white pulp relative volume was 39 % higher than in the control.Conclusions. The R. uniflorum dry extract had an immunocorrective effect on the thymus and spleen morphofunctional state at cyclophosphamid immunosuppression

Analysis of the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal diseases

The article deals with the issues of functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which are one of the main problems of modern pediatrics and gastroenterology. The frequency of functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in children is steadily increasing every year. Despite the fact that this pathology is not associated with an organic lesion of the gastrointestinal tract and, as a rule, does not lead to serious consequences in the future, it significantly reduces the quality of life of the patient and his parents. When analyzing the data of the questionnaire for parents on the detection of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in children aged 0 months to 3 years 11 months, developed by the Russian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists, taking into account the recommendations of ESPGHAN, the following data were obtained: functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in children of G. Voronezh is a common pathology and occurs in 2/3 of cases, in children under one year in most cases (83.3%), two or more functional pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract are detected and the most frequent violation is infant colic, in the age category of children from one to 3 years in 100% of cases, only one pathology is observed and the most common disease is functional constipation. The most significant risk factor for the development of functional gastrointestinal diseases is a burdened hereditary historyВ статье рассмотрены вопросы функциональных заболеваний ЖКТ, которые являются одной из главных проблем современной педиатрии и гастроэнтерологии. Частота функциональных заболеваний ЖКТ у детей неуклонно растет с каждым годом. Несмотря на то, что данная патология не связана с органическим поражением ЖКТ и, как правило, не приводит к серьезным последствиям в дальнейшем, в значительной степени снижает качество жизни пациента и его родителей. При анализе данных опросника для родителей по выявлению функциональных нарушений желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей в возрасте от 0 месяцев до 3 лет 11 месяцев, разработанного Российским обществом детских гастроэнтерологов, гепатологов и нутрициологов с учётом рекомендаций ESPGHAN, получены следующие данные: функциональные заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей г. Воронежа являются распространенной патологией и встречаются в 2/3 случаев, у детей до года в большинстве случаев (83,3%) выявляется две и более функциональные патологии ЖКТ и самым частым нарушением являются младенческие колики, в возрастной категории детей с года до 3 лет в 100% случаев наблюдается только одна патология и самым часто встречающимся заболеванием является функциональный запор. Наиболее значимым фактором риска развитии функциональных гастроинтестинальных заболеваний является отягощенный наследственный анамне

Energy-protective function of plant composition in the experimental dyslipoproteidemia

The influence of the plant composition on the functional state of rat hepatic mitochondria and biochemical indices of energy metabolism was studied. Experiments were carried out on 42 white Wistar rats. The application of the plant composition increases contingency between oxidation and phosphorylation, as well as coefficients of respiratory stimulation and respiratory control by 17 % (р < 0.05) and 15 % (р < 0.05) respectively as compared to the control group. The tested herbal medicine increases the ATP content by 29 % (р < 0.05) and improves the activity of pyruvate kinase and H+-ATPase by 1.9 and 1.2 times respectively which indicates a partial restoration of energy metabolism in hepatocytes. The results of the research allow us to recommend the plant compositionfor its further study as a potential prospective hypolipidemic remedy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

First Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Argon

We report the first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (\cevns) on argon using a liquid argon detector at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source. Two independent analyses prefer \cevns over the background-only null hypothesis with greater than $3\sigma$ significance. The measured cross section, averaged over the incident neutrino flux, is (2.2 $\pm$ 0.7) $\times$10$^{-39}$ cm$^2$ -- consistent with the standard model prediction. The neutron-number dependence of this result, together with that from our previous measurement on CsI, confirms the existence of the \cevns process and provides improved constraints on non-standard neutrino interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures with 2 pages, 6 figures supplementary material V3: fixes to figs 3,4 V4: fix typo in table 1, V5: replaced missing appendix, V6: fix Eq 1, new fig 3, V7 final version, updated with final revision

Хроническое ультрафиолетовое облучение индуцирует развитие устойчивой резистентности клеток меланомы к противоопухолевым препаратам

Introduction. Melanoma belongs to the group of the most malignant tumors characterized by aggressive growth and active metastasis. At the same time, the effectiveness of therapy, primarily targeted therapy, is largely limited by the rapid development of drug resistance.Aim. To study the effect of chronic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the formation of a population of radiation-resistant melanoma cells; to study the features of cell signaling and the sensitivity of UV-resistant melanoma cells to the antitumor drugs.Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on in vitro cultured A375 melanoma cells. Cells were cultured in a standard DMEM + 10 % FBS medium; cell growth rate was analyzed using the MTT assay; cell survival after irradiation was analyzed using a colony-forming test. Determination of the transcriptional activity of the estrogen receptor (ER) was performed by reporter analysis upon transfection into cells of a plasmid containing the luciferase reporter gene controlled by estrogen responsive element. The immunoblotting method was used to analyze the expression of cellular proteins; comparative analysis of ERα and ERβ expression was performed by immunofluorescent method.Results. Long-term UV irradiation leads to the formation of a UV-resistant subpopulation of A375 melanoma cells, which is characterized by decreased sensitivity to targeted (vemurafenib) and hormonal (tamoxifen) drugs, increased expression of Snail, an activator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and in the absence of noticeable changes in the expression of PI3K / mTOR signaling. Metformin reduces Snail expression in both parental and UV-resistant A375 cells and enhances the cytostatic effect in combination with vemurafenib or tamoxifen.Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate a decrease in the sensitivity of melanoma cells to targeted drugs under the long-term exposure to UV. The ability of metformin to potentiate the action of targeted drugs and inhibit Snail allows us to consider metformin not only as an antitumor agent, but also as a potential inhibitor of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Введение. Меланома относится к группе наиболее злокачественных новообразований, отличающихся агрессивным ростом и активным метастазированием. при этом эффективность терапии, в первую очередь таргетной терапии, во многом ограничена быстрым развитием резистентности к препаратам.Цель исследования – изучить влияние хронического ультрафиолетового (УФ) облучения на формирование субпопуляции устойчивых к УФ клеток меланомы, а также особенности клеточного сигналинга и чувствительность УФрезистентных клеток меланомы к действию противоопухолевых препаратов.Материалы и методы. эксперименты проводились на культивируемых in vitro клетках меланомы А375. клетки культивировали в стандартной среде DMEM + 10 % FBS, анализ скорости роста клеток проводили с помощью МТТ-теста; выживаемость клеток после облучения анализировали с использованием колониеобразующего теста. Транскрипционную активность рецептора эстрогенов (ER) определяли методом репортерного анализа при трансфекции в клетки плазмиды, содержавшей ген-репортер люциферазы под контролем промотора с эстроген-респонсивным элементом. Для анализа экспрессии клеточных белков использовали метод иммуноблоттинга; сравнительный анализ экспрессии ERα и ERβ проводили с помощью иммунофлуоресцентного метода.Результаты. Длительное УФ-облучение приводит к формированию УФ-резистентной субпопуляции клеток меланомы А375, отличающейся пониженной чувствительностью к таргетным (вемурафенибу) и гормональным (тамоксифену) препаратам на фоне повышенной экспрессии Snail – активатора эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода и при отсутствии заметных изменений в экспрессии белков PI3K (фосфоинозитид-3-киназы) / mTOR (мишень рапамицина млекопитающих) сигналинга. Метформин снижает экспрессию Snail как в родительских, так и в УФ-резистентных клетках А375 и усиливает цитостатический эффект в комбинации с вемурафенибом или тамоксифеном.Заключение. полученные данные свидетельствуют о снижении чувствительности к таргетным препаратам клеток меланомы на фоне длительной экспозиции с УФ. Способность метформина потенцировать действие таргетных препаратов и ингибировать Snail позволяет рассматривать это лекарственное стредство не только как противоопухолевый агент, но и как потенциальный ингибитор эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода

Monitoring the SNS basement neutron background with the MARS detector

We present the analysis and results of the first dataset collected with the MARS neutron detector deployed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) for the purpose of monitoring and characterizing the beam-related neutron (BRN) background for the COHERENT collaboration. MARS was positioned next to the COH-CsI coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering detector in the SNS basement corridor. This is the basement location of closest proximity to the SNS target and thus, of highest neutrino flux, but it is also well shielded from the BRN flux by infill concrete and gravel. These data show the detector registered roughly one BRN per day. Using MARS' measured detection efficiency, the incoming BRN flux is estimated to be $1.20~\pm~0.56~\text{neutrons}/\text{m}^2/\text{MWh}$ for neutron energies above $\sim3.5$~MeV and up to a few tens of MeV. We compare our results with previous BRN measurements in the SNS basement corridor reported by other neutron detectors.Comment: Submitted to JINS

COHERENT Collaboration data release from the measurements of CsI[Na] response to nuclear recoils

Description of the data release 10.13139/OLCF/1969085 (https://doi.ccs.ornl.gov/ui/doi/426) from the measurements of the CsI[Na] response to low energy nuclear recoils by the COHERENT collaboration. The release corresponds to the results published in "D. Akimov et al 2022 JINST 17 P10034". We share the data in the form of raw ADC waveforms, provide benchmark values, and share plots to enhance the transparency and reproducibility of our results. This document describes the contents of the data release as well as guidance on the use of the data

First Probe of Sub-GeV Dark Matter Beyond the Cosmological Expectation with the COHERENT CsI Detector at the SNS

The COHERENT collaboration searched for scalar dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source with masses between 1 and 220~MeV/c$^2$ using a CsI[Na] scintillation detector sensitive to nuclear recoils above 9~keV$_\text{nr}$. No evidence for dark matter is found and we thus place limits on allowed parameter space. With this low-threshold detector, we are sensitive to coherent elastic scattering between dark matter and nuclei. The cross section for this process is orders of magnitude higher than for other processes historically used for accelerator-based direct-detection searches so that our small, 14.6~kg detector significantly improves on past constraints. At peak sensitivity, we reject the flux consistent with the cosmologically observed dark-matter concentration for all coupling constants $\alpha_D<0.64$, assuming a scalar dark-matter particle. We also calculate the sensitivity of future COHERENT detectors to dark-matter signals which will ambitiously test multiple dark-matter spin scenarios