Development of sustainable energy indexes by the utilization of new indicators: A comparative study

Decision making to improve energy sustainability requires scientifically information based on sustainability. Since there are different sustainability targets and specific decision problems in this regard, hence to achieve these targets or solve these problems, relevant sustainability indicators are needed. In this study, is investigated and developed a variety of applicable indicators to enhance sustainable energy development index. Indeed, the main aim of this study is to present new effective indicators related to sustainable development goals, investigating the most important challenges related to energy sustainability. Additionally, this work is following to find the main gaps which are as obstacles in achieving energy sustainability for 12 different countries. To do this, firstly the required data from international energy agency (IEA) and world bank gathered and then is analyzed.Postprint (author's final draft

Energy sustainability analysis based on SDGs for developing countries

Electrical production for residential areas is one of the most important goals of SDGs (17 UN goal) and UN-Habitat III (14 goals) that can be achieved by renewable energy. Now, renewable energy is a significant issue that must be considered seriously as a policy and in order to achieve energy sustainability on a global scale especially in whole developing countries. Also, since the role of renewable energy in sustainable development is remarkable, thus this article presents a comprehensive discussion of energy sustainability for urban areas with related energy indicators and technical analysis of a Hybrid Power System to show the importance of renewable energy to gain energy sustainability. This paper presents the feasibility of using PV-DG hybrid systems as the reliable energy by an economic and technical analysis in one of the southern cities of Iran use of HOMER software. Regarding the high average of solar radiation that is about 5.4 kWh/m2/d in Chabahar city, technical analysis of this system demonstrates that this city has a high capacity to producing the electrical energy via PV-diesel hybrid system with total electrical production amount of 10,575 kWh/yr from PV (8,447 kWh/yr) and Diesel system (2,128 kWh/yr). For do this work at the first, the required data is gathered from the meteorological organization of Iran and then technical and economic analysis is conducted with the Homer software. This study regarding the high potential of solar energy of Chabahar city shows that to achieve development especially in the energy sustainability field needs to implementing proper actions such as enough investment on clean energy and using renewable energy for electrical production.Postprint (author's final draft

Energy sustainability analyses using feasible indicators for urban areas

Energy sustainability is a priority for each city and contributes to the development and improves the quality of life for human; also energy sustainability has an emphasis on environmental conservation remarkably. Without doubt, applying an appropriate indicator is an effective factor to achieve energy sustainability in urban areas and is a useful tool for policymakers and energy experts. The metropolitan areas have importance for all our and energy supply, and energy consumption in these areas is a crucial issue. The primary purpose of present this study is exploring, investigating and selecting feasible indicators to achieve energy sustainability in urban areas. Analysis of city energy sustainability development index (CESDI) in this research has presented that effect on the urban quality and contribute to enhancing the quality of life for its inhabitants. As a result, the study shows that using proper indicators in a specified framework with good planning and appropriate policies leads to energy sustainability in urban areas

Natural gas-fueled multigeneration for reducing environmental effects of brine and increasing product diversity: thermodynamic and economic analyses

Water scarcity threatens human life and it is likely to be a main concern in the next century. In this work, a novel multigeneration system (MGS) is introduced and assessed with energy, exergy, and economic analyses. This MGS includes a gas cycle, multieffect distillation, an absorption refrigeration cycle, a heat recovery steam generator, and electrodialysis. Electrodialysis is integrated into this configuration to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen chloride from brine to prevent its release to the environment with harmful impacts. The other products are electricity, cooling, and demineralized water. For the evaluation of the proposed system, one computer code is provided in engineering equation solver software. For physical properties calculation, the library of this software is used. The MGS produces 614.7 GWh of electrical energy, 87.44 GWh of cooling, 12.47 million m3 of demineralized water, and 0.092 and 0.084 billion kg of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen chloride over a year. Energy and exergy evaluations demonstrate that the MGS energy and exergy efficiencies are 31.3% and 18.7%, respectively. The highest and lowest value of exergy destruction rate is associated with the combustion chamber and pump, respectively. The economic evaluation indicates that the net present value of this proposed system is 3.8 billion US$, while the internal rate of return and payback period, respectively, are 0.49 and 2.1 years.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A Comprehensive Study on the Expansion of Electric Vehicles in Europe

Funding: This research received no external funding.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A Comprehensive Study on the Expansion of Electric Vehicles in Europe

There has been a rapid increase in government efforts to expand electric vehicle markets by deploying fast-charging stations, promoting uptake through greater investment, and by enacting supportive policies. Government support and private investment have contributed to the expansion of electric vehicles in many countries. The aim of this study is to highlight and analyze the most critical aspects of the expansion of the electric vehicle market, regarding technologies, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, opportunities, and barriers in Europe. Our study analyzes the progress of electric vehicles by reviewing recent literature based on technology, policy, and government measurements. This study provides comprehensive information on electric vehicles and perspectives that are critical to policymakers, car manufacturers, consumers, and the community. To achieve favorable results, governments should invest in developing electric vehicles and battery technologies, provide subsidies, and develop charging infrastructure. Furthermore, by analyzing current EV sales in ten countries around the world, we assess the operating costs of electric vehicles. Overall EV cost of ownership is influenced by grid electricity price, cost of financing, location, carbon tax, wind speed, and solar insolation

Development of Sustainable Energy Use with Attention to Fruitful Policy

There are different energy approaches around the world to the development of sustainable energy systems. In this regard, the role of governments, local governments, and people in the development and use of sustainable energy is remarkable. This research, concerning the present epistemic and normative differences, aims to investigate the societal debate on citizen inclusion, local and national attempts to develop clear procedures and guidelines in the transition to sustainable energy use in different countries. Existing theories, subjectivities, and policy implications for different countries are first carefully analyzed. Based on theories, evidence, and policy implications, the behavioural insights for sustainable energy use are then examined. The results show that national governments should never ignore the psychology and behaviour of people, especially in terms of economic behaviour, performance applicable and knowledge of local governments and people in sustainable energy development. Channels of communication between local, people, and national governments, can make a robust shared network and implement simple policies such as increasing their authority. They can also encourage and build capacity through the training, support, trust and knowledge capacity of local governments and people to move toward sustainable energy development. Therefore, focusing on government and maintaining national authority should be departed from any approaches that local government and the public should be constrained as minor actors in sustainable energy governance networks. This work demonstrates that local governments can develop sustainable energy. Moreover, national governments can overcome issues and further control sustainable energy public policy goals under difficult national political conditions

Measuring energy sustainability by using energy sustainability indicators

The main aim of this thesis is investigating energy sustainability in developing countries using useful indicators. As it is known, serious issues such as global warming and inefficient consumption of energy will lead to severe problems in the future in the world and in particular in developing countries. Those countries which have a proper policy and practical actions by policymakers and energy experts can prevent these problems confidently. For these reasons, the present thesis has focused on developing indicators that can measure the grade of energy sustainability in order to achieve energy sustainability the countries analyzed. In this sense, the thesis starts to investigate the Sustainable Energy Development Index (SEDI) method and improves this method by finding and evaluating the useful indicators to improve and complete the SEDI methodology. In this regard, a numerical analysis of 12 countries has been realized. Following the methodology, new indicators associated with energy are proposed in line with the Habitat III and the SDGs from the UN. Additionally, appropriate strategies to combine the different UN goals are analyzed, and indicators are chosen to provide the best performance of the index. For this research, it is needed to analyze many related data and find novel indicators based on these data that can be obtained and applied by policymakers and energy experts for application in developing countries due to high percentage of energy consumption sector in these communities. Therefore, the main findings of this thesis are proposed indicators for improving the quality life of the inhabitants of different areas in the world with respect with the different aspects of the energy such as access energy, affordable energy and saving energy. For achieving to these goals, is the need to a correct policy, the evaluation of energy sustainability based on energy systems of a country, the close collaboration of policymakers with energy experts, using useful indicators, the balance of the energy supply, equity in access to energy and environmental sustainability of the urban and remote areas. These actions will lead to achieving energy sustainability confidently.El objetivo principal de esta tesis es investigar la sostenibilidad energética en los países en desarrollo utilizando indicadores efectivos. Como es sabido, problemas como el calentamiento global y el consumo ineficiente de energía conducirán a serios problemas en el futuro del mundo y en particular en los países en desarrollo. Aquellos países que cuentan con políticas adecuadas y acciones efectivas por parte de los legisladores y expertos en energía pueden prevenir estos problemas con confianza. Por estas razones, la presente tesis se ha centrado en desarrollar indicadores que puedan medir el grado de sostenibilidad energética para lograr la sostenibilidad energética que los países analizaron. En este sentido, la tesis comienza a investigar el método del Índice de Desarrollo de Energía Sostenible (SEDI) y mejora este método al encontrar y evaluar los indicadores efectivos para mejorar y completar la metodología SEDI. En este sentido, se realizó un análisis numérico de 12 países. Siguiendo la metodología, se proponen nuevos indicadores asociados con la energía en línea con el Hábitat III y los ODS de la ONU. Además, se analizan las estrategias apropiadas para combinar los diferentes objetivos de las Naciones Unidas y se eligen los indicadores para proporcionar el mejor rendimiento del índice. Para esta investigación, es necesario analizar muchos datos relacionados y encontrar nuevos indicadores basados en estos datos que puedan ser obtenidos y aplicados por los formuladores de políticas y expertos en energía para su aplicación en los países en desarrollo debido al alto porcentaje del sector de consumo de energía en estas comunidades. Por lo tanto, los principales hallazgos de esta tesis son indicadores propuestos para mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes de diferentes áreas del mundo con respecto a los diferentes aspectos de la energía, como el acceso a la energía, la energía asequible y el ahorro de energía. Para alcanzar estos objetivos, se necesita corregir las políticas, la evaluación de la sostenibilidad energética basada en los sistemas energéticos de un país, la estrecha colaboración de los encargados de formular políticas con los expertos en energía, utilizando indicadores efectivos, el equilibrio del suministro de energía, la equidad en el acceso a sostenibilidad energética y ambiental de las zonas urbanas y remotas. Estas acciones conducirán a lograr la sostenibilidad energética con confianza.Postprint (published version