Teaching Experiences of Elementary School Teachers: An Analysis in the Post-COVID Era

The research provides a deeper understanding of the varied in-person teaching experiences of elementary school teachers in the post-COVID Era. Under this main objective, it explored the teaching styles, views, and attitude of elementary school teachers towards teaching post-COVID-19. It also explores the technological transformation undergone by the teachers and the most preferred teaching modes (face-to-face, online, and blended) used by elementary school teachers in India after returning to the classroom, post-COVID-19. A mixed-method research approach was used to answer the research questions. The technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework and Bandura self-efficacy theory were used as conceptual frameworks in the research. The TPACK framework emphasizes the development of pedagogical practices in educators with the use of technological tools and Bandura\u27s self-efficacy theory helps to study the teaching preparation and experiences of elementary school teachers after COVID-19. Research findings revealed that the majority of elementary school teachers have adopted varied teaching styles, and have an overall positive view and attitude towards teaching in the post-pandemic world. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in the overall teaching style, views, and attitude of elementary school teachers in terms of demographic data such as age, gender, educational qualifications, work experience, and experience with ICT. Hence, gender as a variable does not affect the teaching style of elementary school teachers in the post-COVID Era. As well, it was revealed that half of the teachers prefer a blended mode of teaching, and remaining teachers preferred face-to-face teaching post-pandemic. Lastly, the teachers expressed that they attended various professional development training to improve their knowledge of technology, provided to them by their institution and the government of India. The overall teaching experience of elementary teachers post-COVID-19 is positive, but they are experiencing a few challenges such as increased workload and stress. This research provides insight into real-time teaching experiences of elementary teachers after the pandemic. Keywords: Post COVID-19, teacher experiences, digital technology, teaching modes, views and attitude towards teaching, teaching style, technological enhancement

Investigation of charge carrier dynamics in Ti3C2Tx MXene for ultrafast photonics applications

The rapid advancement of nanomaterials has paved the way for various technological breakthroughs, and MXenes, in particular, have gained substantial attention due to their unique properties such as high conductivity, broad-spectrum absorption strength, and tunable band gap. This article presents the impact of the process parameters on the structural and optical properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene for application in ultrafast dynamics. XRD along with Raman spectroscopy studies, confirmed the synthesis of a single phase from their MAX phase Ti3AlC2. The complete etching of Al and increase in the interplanar distance is also observed on centrifugation at very high speed. The ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy used to understand the effect of centrifuge speed on the charge carrier dynamics and ultrafast spectrum of MXene displayed that the carrier lifetime is critically influenced by rotation per minute (rpm) e.g. faster decay lifetime at 10k rpm than 7k rpm. The electronic relaxation probed using the time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) technique exhibits an average decay time of 5.13 ns and 5.35 ns at the 7k and 10k rpm, respectively, which confirms that the optical properties of the MXene are strongly affected by the centrifuge speed. The synthesized MXene at 10k rpm typically suggests that radiative processes due to longer decay lifetime and experiences fewer nonradiative losses, resulting in enhanced luminescence properties.Comment: 21 pages , 6 figure

Recent Admixture in an Indian Population of African Ancestry

053907Quantum Matter and Optic

EVALUATION AND QUALITY CONTROL OF NASAL SPRAY

Nasal drug delivery has now been recognized as a very promising route for delivery of therapeutic compounds including biopharmaceuticals. This route is also advisable for drugs undergoing extensive first pass effect. The present article highlights the evaluation parameters of nasal spray, suspension, and solutions. While formulating the nasal drug delivery formulations various parameters are to be consider such as Appearance, Color, and Clarity, Identification, Drug content (Assay), Impurities and Degradation Products, Preservative(s) and Stabilizing Excipient(s) Assay, Pump Delivery, Spray content uniformity, Spray Content Uniformity (SCU) through Container Life, Spray Pattern and Plume Geometry, Droplet Size Distribution, Particle size distribution (suspension),  Microscopic Evaluation (Suspensions), Foreign Particulates,  Microbial limit,  Preservative Effectiveness, Net Content and Weight Loss (Stability), Leachables (Stability), PH, Osmolality.   Key words: Nasal spray, Evaluation, Quality control, Drug delivery system

New Frontiers in the Bio-inspired Green Synthesis of NiO NPs and Their Applications: An Overview

Nanoparticles are an important tool for new updations and advancements in diverse sectors. The inorganic metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have enormous research interest because of their great relevance in medicine, wastewater treatment, catalysis, biotechnology, and in the formation of energy storage devices. The NiO NPs can be synthesized using different physical and chemical methods and exploring all their possible applications. Green synthesis is the easy, safe, and effective nanoparticle synthesis route. Green metal and metal oxide nanoparticle syntheses provide the most affordable, convenient, and biocompatible approach for fabricating NiO NPs. This way is a good alternative to the conventional methods of synthesis. Green synthesis, being more constructive, is widely used in research and gives promising outcomes. This review highlighted the unique feature of the NiO nanoparticles. This paper brings forth the usage of green synthesis for synthesizing NiO nanoparticles. It also provides readers with a collective review of the recent development in the green synthesis of NiO NPs and their potential application in different fields

Recent Admixture in an Indian Population of African Ancestry

Identification and study of genetic variation in recently admixed populations not only provides insight into historical population events but also is a powerful approach for mapping disease loci. We studied a population (OG-W-IP) that is of African-Indian origin and has resided in the western part of India for 500 years; members of this population are believed to be descendants of the Bantu-speaking population of Africa. We have carried out this study by using a set of 18,534 autosomal markers common between Indian, CEPH-HGDP, and HapMap populations. Principal-components analysis clearly revealed that the African-Indian population derives its ancestry from Bantu-speaking west-African as well as Indo-European-speaking north and northwest Indian population(s). STRUCTURE and ADMIXTURE analyses show that, overall, the OG-W-IPs derive 58.7% of their genomic ancestry from their African past and have very little inter-individual ancestry variation (8.4%). The extent of linkage disequilibrium also reveals that the admixture event has been recent. Functional annotation of genes encompassing the ancestry-informative markers that are closer in allele frequency to the Indian ancestral population revealed significant enrichment of biological processes, such as ion-channel activity, and cadherins. We briefly examine the implications of determining the genetic diversity of this population, which could provide opportunities for studies involving admixture mapping

RP-HPLC quantification of five phenolic compounds in <i>Biophytum sensitivum</i> (L.) DC. (Oxalidaceae) and their biological evaluation

319-324Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. (Oxalidaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant in traditional medicinal systems across the globe. The present study deals with the RP-HPLC quantification of five phenolic acids, along with the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of the aerial parts ofthe plant as a scientific investigation of traditional claims of its use as an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. Anatomy of the stem was done to aid in exploring identification parameters for this plant. Among the five identified phenolic markers, caffeic acid exhibits the highest concentration (352.47 µg/gm), followed by ferulic acid (242.28 µg/gm), gallic acid (233.55 µg/gm), chlorogenic acid (192.06 µg/gm), and rutin (64.67 µg/gm). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the methanolic extract were found to be 87.0 ± 0.404 mg/gm GAE and 14.268 ± 0.055 mg/gm QE, respectively. The IC50 value for the in vitro DPPH method was 0.164 ± 0.411 mg/ml. In vitro antidiabetic activity was analyzed by the starch-iodine assay and the 3,5-DNS method which displayed IC50 values of 0.636 ± 0.05 mg/ml and 1.214 ± 0.04 mg/ml, respectively. The in vitro study results suggest promising antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of the plant which supports its use in the traditional systems of medicine