Finite Size Effects in Integrable Quantum Field Theories

The study of Finite Size Effects in Quantum Field Theory allows the extraction of precious perturbative and non-perturbative information. The use of scaling functions can connect the particle content (scattering theory formulation) of a QFT to its ultraviolet Conformal Field Theory content. If the model is integrable, a method of investigation through a nonlinear integral equation equivalent to Bethe Ansatz and deducible from a light-cone lattice regularization is available. It allows to reconstruct the S-matrix and to understand the locality properties in terms of Bethe root configurations, thanks to the link to ultraviolet CFT guaranteed by the exact determination of scaling function. This method is illustrated in practice for Sine-Gordon / massive Thirring models, clarifying their locality structure and the issues of equivalence between the two models. By restriction of the Sine-Gordon model it is also possible to control the scaling functions of minimal models perturbed by Phi_1,3Comment: 58 pages, Latex - Lectures given at the Eotvos Summer School, Budapest, August 200

Entanglement Entropy from Corner Transfer Matrix in Forrester Baxter non-unitary RSOS models

Using a Corner Transfer Matrix approach, we compute the bipartite entanglement R\'enyi entropy in the off-critical perturbations of non-unitary conformal minimal models realised by lattice spin chains Hamiltonians related to the Forrester Baxter RSOS models in regime III. This allows to show on a set of explicit examples that the R\'enyi entropies for non-unitary theories rescale near criticality as the logarithm of the correlation length with a coefficient proportional to the effective central charge. This complements a similar result, recently established for the size rescaling at the critical point, showing the expected agreement of the two behaviours. We also compute the first subleading unusual correction to the scaling behaviour, showing that it is expressible in terms of expansions of various fractional powers of the correlation length, related to the differences $\Delta-\Delta_{\min}$ between the conformal dimensions of fields in the theory and the minimal conformal dimension. Finally, a few observations on the limit leading to the off-critical logarithmic minimal models of Pearce and Seaton are put forward.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figure

Modular invariance in the gapped XYZ spin 1/2 chain

We show that the elliptic parametrization of the coupling constants of the quantum XYZ spin chain can be analytically extended outside of their natural domain, to cover the whole phase diagram of the model, which is composed of 12 adjacent regions, related to one another by a spin rotation. This extension is based on the modular properties of the elliptic functions and we show how rotations in parameter space correspond to the double covering PGL(2,Z)of the modular group, implying that the partition function of the XYZ chain is invariant under this group in parameter space, in the same way as a Conformal Field Theory partition function is invariant under the modular group acting in real space. The encoding of the symmetries of the model into the modular properties of the partition function could shed light on the general structure of integrable models.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted published versio

Generalising the staircase models

Systems of integral equations are proposed which generalise those previously encountered in connection with the so-called staircase models. Under the assumption that these equations describe the finite-size effects of relativistic field theories via the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz, analytical and numerical evidence is given for the existence of a variety of new roaming renormalisation group trajectories. For each positive integer $k$ and $s=0,\dots, k-1$, there is a one-parameter family of trajectories, passing close by the coset conformal field theories $G^{(k)}\times G^{(nk+s)}/G^{((n+1)k+s)}$ before finally flowing to a massive theory for $s=0$, or to another coset model for $s \neq 0$.Comment: 19 pages (and two figures), preprint CERN-TH.6739/92 NI92009 DFUB-92-2

RSOS Quantum Chains Associated with Off-Critical Minimal Models and Zn\mathbb{Z}_n Parafermions

We consider the $\varphi_{1,3}$ off-critical perturbation ${\cal M}(m,m';t)$ of the general non-unitary minimal models where $2\le m\le m'$ and $m, m'$ are coprime and $t$ measures the departure from criticality corresponding to the $\varphi_{1,3}$ integrable perturbation. We view these models as the continuum scaling limit in the ferromagnetic Regime III of the Forrester-Baxter Restricted Solid-On-Solid (RSOS) models on the square lattice. We also consider the RSOS models in the antiferromagnetic Regime II related in the continuum scaling limit to $\mathbb{Z}_n$ parfermions with $n=m'-2$. Using an elliptic Yang-Baxter algebra of planar tiles encoding the allowed face configurations, we obtain the Hamiltonians of the associated quantum chains defined as the logarithmic derivative of the transfer matrices with periodic boundary conditions. The transfer matrices and Hamiltonians act on a vector space of paths on the $A_{m'-1}$ Dynkin diagram whose dimension is counted by generalized Fibonacci numbers.Comment: 18 page

Essential singularity in the Renyi entanglement entropy of the one-dimensional XYZ spin-1/2 chain

We study the Renyi entropy of the one-dimensional XYZ spin-1/2 chain in the entirety of its phase diagram. The model has several quantum critical lines corresponding to rotated XXZ chains in their paramagnetic phase, and four tri-critical points where these phases join. Two of these points are described by a conformal field theory and close to them the entropy scales as the logarithm of its mass gap. The other two points are not conformal and the entropy has a peculiar singular behavior in their neighbors, characteristic of an essential singularity. At these non-conformal points the model undergoes a discontinuous transition, with a level crossing in the ground state and a quadratic excitation spectrum. We propose the entropy as an efficient tool to determine the discontinuous or continuous nature of a phase transition also in more complicated models.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

RG flows of non-diagonal minimal models perturbed by ϕ1,3\phi_{1,3}

Studying perturbatively, for large m, the torus partition function of both (A,A) and (A,D) series of minimal models in the Cappelli, Itzykson, Zuber classification, deformed by the least relevant operator $\phi_{(1,3)}$, we disentangle the structure of $\phi_{1,3}$ flows. The results are conjectured on reasonable ground to be valid for all m. They show that (A,A) models always flow to (A,A) and (A,D) ones to (A,D). No hopping between the two series is possible. Also, we give arguments that there exist 3 isolated flows (E,A)-->(A,E) that, together with the two series, should exhaust all the possible $\phi_{1,3}$ flows. Conservation (and symmetry breaking) of non-local currents along the flows is discussed and put in relation to the A,D,E classification.Comment: 14 p

Geometrical Lattice models for N=2 supersymmetric theories in two dimensions

We introduce in this paper two dimensional lattice models whose continuum limit belongs to the $N=2$ series. The first kind of model is integrable and obtained through a geometrical reformulation, generalizing results known in the $k=1$ case, of the $\Gamma_{k}$ vertex models (based on the quantum algebra $U_{q}sl(2)$ and representation of spin $j=k/2$). We demonstrate in particular that at the $N=2$ point, the free energy of the $\Gamma_{k}$ vertex model can be obtained exactly by counting arguments, without any Bethe ansatz computation, and we exhibit lattice operators that reproduce the chiral ring. The second class of models is more adequately described in the language of twisted $N=2$ supersymmetry, and consists of an infinite series of multicritical polymer points, which should lead to experimental realizations. It turns out that the exponents $\nu=(k+2)/2(k+1)$ for these multicritical polymer points coincide with old phenomenological formulas due to the chemist Flory. We therefore confirm that these formulas are {\bf exact} in two dimensions, and suggest that their unexpected validity is due to non renormalization theorems for the $N=2$ underlying theories. We also discuss the status of the much discussed theta point for polymers in the light of $N=2$ renormalization group flows.Comment: 23 pages (without figures

The solution of the quantum A1A_1 T-system for arbitrary boundary

We solve the quantum version of the $A_1$ $T$-system by use of quantum networks. The system is interpreted as a particular set of mutations of a suitable (infinite-rank) quantum cluster algebra, and Laurent positivity follows from our solution. As an application we re-derive the corresponding quantum network solution to the quantum $A_1$ $Q$-system and generalize it to the fully non-commutative case. We give the relation between the quantum $T$-system and the quantum lattice Liouville equation, which is the quantized $Y$-system.Comment: 24 pages, 18 figure