Исследование повышения эффективности компрессорной станции "Александровская" путем выбора оптимальных технологических схем

Усовершенствование технологической схемы компрессорной станции "Александровская", для повышения рабочих характеристик оборудования, уменьшения метало - емкости и сокращения затрат электроэнергии.Improvement of the technological scheme of the compressor station "Aleksandrovskaya", to improve the performance of equipment, reduce metal capacity and reduce electricity costs

Characterization and application of large disposable shaking bioreactors

Application of a shaking bioreactor system at pilot-scale level is presented in this research work. This very simple, versatile and widely used technology was combined with the cylindrical disposable reactors to make it an ideal choice for cultivation of plant, animal and insect cell cultures for pilot-scale production. Cylindrical reactors of size 2L, 20L and 50L were thoroughly characterized in terms of important engineering parameters such as mixing, power consumption, heat transfer rate and oxygen transfer rate. Complete mixing of fluid was achieved within few seconds at shaking frequencies as low as 80 rpm. Power consumption for fluids whose physical properties do not vary drastically over temperature was measured by the temperature method. The method was extended to incorporate changes in fluid physical properties such as viscosity, density etc. over temperature. Operating conditions where poor mixing might be observed were identified and a non-dimensional description of power consumption is given for the reactor system. High rates of heat generation were observed in 20L and 50L reactors especially for shaking frequencies higher than 230 rpm. Experiments revealed maximum of 16 K and 30 K increase in fluid temperature for water and a 80% glycerol/water mixture at 300 rpm, respectively. Although thorough ventilation may not be mandatory for slow growing animal and insect cell culture, a thorough ventilation of the surrounding atmosphere is mandatory, especially for high cell density cultivation of fast growing plant cell culture systems e.g. Nicotiana tabacum suspension culture to avoid any temperature stress. Oxygen transfer rate was measured by a well researched sulfite oxidation method. The maximum value of oxygen transfer rate measured in 20L and 50L reactors were 0.032 mol/L/h and 0.028 mol/L/h, respectively. Mass transfer coefficient was correlated with respect to energy dissipation. A therapeutic protein production process based on relatively less hydro-mechanical stress sensitive and one of the fastest growing N. tabacum plant cell suspension culture was successfully scaled-up from a 250 mL shake flask culture to 50L cylindrical disposable shaking bioreactor. The cell growth and protein production was comparable to that observed in other bioreactor systems. An animal cell culture process based on hybridoma-cmyc cells was also scaled-up successfully to a 2L cylindrical disposable shaking bioreactor

Characterization and application of large disposable shaking bioreactors

Application of a shaking bioreactor system at pilot-scale level is presented in this research work. This very simple, versatile and widely used technology was combined with the cylindrical disposable reactors to make it an ideal choice for cultivation of plant, animal and insect cell cultures for pilot-scale production. Cylindrical reactors of size 2L, 20L and 50L were thoroughly characterized in terms of important engineering parameters such as mixing, power consumption, heat transfer rate and oxygen transfer rate. Complete mixing of fluid was achieved within few seconds at shaking frequencies as low as 80 rpm. Power consumption for fluids whose physical properties do not vary drastically over temperature was measured by the temperature method. The method was extended to incorporate changes in fluid physical properties such as viscosity, density etc. over temperature. Operating conditions where poor mixing might be observed were identified and a non-dimensional description of power consumption is given for the reactor system. High rates of heat generation were observed in 20L and 50L reactors especially for shaking frequencies higher than 230 rpm. Experiments revealed maximum of 16 K and 30 K increase in fluid temperature for water and a 80% glycerol/water mixture at 300 rpm, respectively. Although thorough ventilation may not be mandatory for slow growing animal and insect cell culture, a thorough ventilation of the surrounding atmosphere is mandatory, especially for high cell density cultivation of fast growing plant cell culture systems e.g. Nicotiana tabacum suspension culture to avoid any temperature stress. Oxygen transfer rate was measured by a well researched sulfite oxidation method. The maximum value of oxygen transfer rate measured in 20L and 50L reactors were 0.032 mol/L/h and 0.028 mol/L/h, respectively. Mass transfer coefficient was correlated with respect to energy dissipation. A therapeutic protein production process based on relatively less hydro-mechanical stress sensitive and one of the fastest growing N. tabacum plant cell suspension culture was successfully scaled-up from a 250 mL shake flask culture to 50L cylindrical disposable shaking bioreactor. The cell growth and protein production was comparable to that observed in other bioreactor systems. An animal cell culture process based on hybridoma-cmyc cells was also scaled-up successfully to a 2L cylindrical disposable shaking bioreactor

Production of Bio-insecticide Azadirectin by Plant Cell Culture of Neem (<i>Azadirecta india</i>)

81-85Neem is one of the most important and useful trees of India. It is the member of the family Meliaceae and distributed over the tropical plain of Asia and Africa and also found at an altitude of 5000 ft. It is a medicinally important plant besides, the chemicals obtained from this plant have insecticidal properties. The chemical obtained from the seeds is the most important insecticide

Bioethanol: A New Synergy between Marine Chitinases from <i>Bacillus haynesii</i> and Ethanol Production by <i>Mucor circinelloides</i>

The fourth generation of bioethanol production is on a lookout for non-lignocellulosic biomass waste. One such candidate is chitin, the second most abundant biopolymer on earth. However, the crystalline nature of chitin hinders its application potential for bioethanol production. This limitation can be circumvented by hydrolysing this polymer into oligomers using chitinases. We used this hypothesis and isolated a Bacillus haynesii, a marine bacterium that utilizes colloidal chitin as a substrate and produces chitin oligosaccharides. Further, we utilized Mucor circinelloides to produce bioethanol using the chitin oligosaccharides in the shake flask. We investigated the effect of inoculum age, filling volume, different substrates, and substrate concentration on bioethanol production using Mucor circinelloides from Bacillus haynesii-produced chitin oligosaccharides. Bacillus haynesii demonstrated a maximum chitinase activity of 3.08 U/mL with specific activity of 96 U/mg at the 90th h. Chitin oligosaccharides produced by Bacillus haynesii were confirmed using mass spectrometry. Bioethanol concentration was determined using dichromate oxidation assay as well as gas chromatography. The research resulted in 7.4 g/L of ethanol from 30 g/L of chitin oligosaccharides, with a maximum ethanol yield of 0.25 g of ethanol/g substrate at the 55th h with 48 h inoculum in 80 mL of fermentation medium. Results suggest that chitin oligosaccharides from Bacillus haynesii are an effective and renewable substrate for bioethanol production

Data on the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by adsorption using melanin nanopigment obtained from marine source: Pseudomonas stutzeri

Heavy metals are one of deadly contaminants in ground water across the globe. Thus, herein, this data set comprises experimental and modelled data on the removal of heavy metals from ground water using melanin synthesized by the marine bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri. Characterization of biosynthesized melanin and modelling of the kinetic and the thermodynamic study on adsorption of heavy metals such as mercury (Hg(II)), lead (Pb(II)), chromium (Cr(VI)), and copper (Cu(II)) are included in this article. Apart from the study of parameters involved in adsorption such as pH, temperature, concentration and time; the data from these studies are modelled to analyze the nature and characteristic of heavy metals adsorbing to melanin nanoparticles. The figures from models, results from models as tables, characterization and analytical figures are depicted in this work

Scale-up of naringinase production process based on the constant oxygen transfer rate for a novel strain of <i>Bacillus methylotrophicus</i>

<p>Naringinase bioprocess based on <i>Bacillus methylotrophicus</i> was successfully scaled up based on constant oxygen transfer rate (OTR) as the scale-up criterion from 5-L bioreactor to 20-L bioreactor. OTR was measured in 5 and 20-L bioreactor under various operating conditions using dynamic method. The operating conditions, where complete dispersion was observed were identified. The highest OTR of 0.035 and 0.04 mMol/L/s was observed in 5 and 20-L bioreactor, respectively. Critical dissolved oxygen concentration of novel isolated strain <i>B. methylotrophicus</i> was found to be 20% of oxygen saturation in optimized medium. The <i>B. methylotrophicus</i> cells grown on sucrose had maximum oxygen uptake rate of 0.14 mMol/L/s in optimized growth medium. The cells produced the maximum naringinase activity of 751 and 778 U/L at 34 hr in 5 and 20-L bioreactors, respectively. The maximum specific growth rate of about 0.178/hr was observed at both the scales of operations. The maximum naringinase yield of 160 and 164 U/g biomass was observed in 5 and 20-L bioreactors, respectively. The growth and production profiles at both scales were similar indicating successful scale-up strategy for <i>B. methylotrophicus</i> culture.</p