8 research outputs found

    European Radiology / Malignancy rates and diagnostic performance of the Bosniak classification for the diagnosis of cystic renal lesions in computed tomography : a systematic review and meta-analysis

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    Objective To systematically review the literature on the Bosniak classification system in CT to determine its diagnostic performance to diagnose malignant cystic lesions and the prevalence of malignancy in Bosniak categories. Methods A predefined database search was performed from 1 January 1986 to 18 January 2016. Two independent reviewers extracted data on malignancy rates in Bosniak categories and several covariates using predefined criteria. Study quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. Meta-analysis included data pooling, subgroup analyses, meta-regression and investigation of publication bias. Results A total of 35 studies, which included 2,578 lesions, were investigated. Data on observer experience, inter-observer variation and technical CT standards were insufficiently reported. The pooled rate of malignancy increased from Bosniak I (3.2 %, 95 % CI 06.8, I2 = 5 %) to Bosniak II (6 %, 95 % CI 2.79.3, I2 = 32 %), IIF (6.7 %, 95 % CI 58.4, I2 =(VLID)353393

    Therapie des kastrationsrefraktÀren Prostatakarzinoms

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    Zusammenfassung Innerhalb der letzten zwei Jahre hat die Therapie des kastrationsrefraktĂ€ren Prostatakarzinoms (CRPC) große Fortschritte gemacht. Sowohl die COU-AA-301 Phase-III-Studie als auch die TROPIC Studie zeigten einen Überlebensvorteil fĂŒr Patienten nach Docetaxel-Versagen, die mit Abirateron beziehungsweise Cabazitaxel behandelt wurden. In einem Umfeld von wachsendem Interesse an chemotherapeutischen Optionen und neuen Medikamenten war es unser Ziel, als multidisziplinĂ€res Team die verfĂŒgbare Datenlage zu analysieren und einen Standard fĂŒr die medizinische Behandlung des Prostatakarzinoms außerhalb klinischer Studien zu definieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund evaluieren wir die momentanen Behandlungsempfehlungen sorgfĂ€ltig und auf Basis der verfĂŒgbaren Anhaltspunkte, beleuchten mögliche zukĂŒnftige Behandlungsoptionen und diskutieren wichtige klinische Themen wie die Behandlung bis zur Progression versus den Vorteilen von Chemoholidays und die Definition bestimmter Patientensubgruppen. ZusĂ€tzlich legen wir besonderes Augenmerk auf neue molekulare Wirkstoffklassen, deren VerfĂŒgbarkeit in naher Zukunft erwartet wird, wie z. B. MDV3100 und Sipuleucel T. Die Rolle und Bedeutung der Palliation mittels Strahlentherapie und der proaktiven medikamentösen analgetischen Therapie wird ebenso diskutiert wie neue Therapieoptionen der mit Knochenmetastasen assoziierten Beschwerden. Die Vielzahl an Behandlungsoptionen fĂŒr Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Prostatakarzinom verlangt eindeutig eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Urologen, Onkologen und Strahlentherapeuten. Summary Within the last two years the therapy of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has made major advances. Both the COU-AA-301 phase III trial and the TROPIC trial showed a survival benefit for patients after docetaxel failure treated with abiraterone or cabazitaxel, respectively. With rising interest for chemotherapeutic options and novel drugs, our goal was to review within the context of a multidisciplinary team the available evidence and explore the standards for medical treatment of prostate cancer outside of clinical trials. From this background, we are carefully evaluating the current treatment recommendations, based on the available evidence, and highlight potential future treatment options but also discuss important clinical topics like treatment until progression versus the advantage of chemo holidays and definition of particular patient subgroups. Additionally, we focus on novel molecular entities, which will most likely be available in the near future, such as MDV3100 and Sipuleucel T. The role and importance of palliation with radiotherapy and proactive medical management of pain is also discussed, as well as new options for bone directed therapy. The multitude of treatment options for patients with advanced prostate cancer clearly asks for a close collaboration between urologists, medical oncologists and radiation therapists

    Prospective Observational Study of Pazopanib in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (PRINCIPAL Study)

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