Theoretical models for underwater RFID

Underwater wireless communications pose challenges due to the characteristics of water as a propagation channel medium. Regardless, it is needed for a range of systems that operate underwater. Commonly used technologies for these use cases (radio-frequency, acoustic and optical communications) are lacking, as they usually suffer from strong attenuation, multipath and propagation delays. In this context, we explore Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems underwater and the feasibility of their application. This paper aims to discuss the theoretical transmission models for RFID systems underwater, separating them into near-field systems -- which use Magnetic Induction (MI) to communicate -- and far-field systems -- that transfer data via Radio Frequency (RF). We determine the path loss for each case, explore its value for different system configurations and present preliminary measurements of magnetic field strength

A battery-less NFC sensor transponder for museum artefact monitoring - a review of NFC sensor technology and a proposed solution

This paper presents a novel, low-cost, battery-less Near-Field Communication (NFC) sensor transponder for museum artefact monitoring of Cultural Heritage objects. The proposed solution combines a unique combination of packaging materials and NFC technology to enable a low-cost preventive conservation solution that is practical to implement, something that is not possible at present. Cultural Heritage objects and artefacts are valuable objects housed by museums and are often stored in uncontrolled climatic conditions, which may lead to degradation of these objects. Preventive conservation is a new strategy that aims to avoid future degradation of these types of valuable objects. Recently, NFC sensor transponders have shown an increased use in food and pharmaceutical cold supply chains for monitoring, but these commercial solutions are expensive to implement and cannot be easily adapted for museum artefact monitoring. In this work, we present a battery-less, long shelf life, low-cost sensor transponder for monitoring the temperature and humidity conditions inside cardboard artefact storage boxes. In developing the proposed solution, the state of the art NFC sensor technology is first reviewed in detail, and a battery-less NFC sensor transponder is proposed with a cost of less than â ¬5 in quantities of 10k. In addition to this, early-stage prototype results are also presented

Nutraceutical Potential of Apiaceae

Apiaceae family is large, with over 3.000 species worldwide cultivated for many purposes. Some plants in this family such as carrots, parsley, parsnip and celery are common vegetable crops, while other members like anise, caraway, coriander, cumin, fennel, lovage, angelica and dill are famous for their medicinal and aromatic properties. Usage of these plants is very popular in everyday diet because of their documented health benefits. Apiaceae are a very important source of phytochemicals – chemicals with biological activity. However, phytochemicals are non-nutritive plant chemicals, also called nutraceuticals. They are widely used for prevention, treatment or cure of conditions or diseases. Bioactive compounds with nutraceutical potential are polyphenolic compounds, polyacetylenes and terpenoids. The aim of this review is to represent selected plants of Apiaceae family currently used as nutraceuticals and describe their nutritional benefits