NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SARGASSUM WIGHTII ON HALOPERIDOL INDUCED CATALEPSY AND TARDIVE DYSKINESIA IN ALBINO RATS

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of methanolic extract of Sargassum wightii on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and tardive dyskinesia in Wistar albino rats. Methods: In this study, thirty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups. Gr-I served as control. Haloperidol (1 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was administered to rats of Gr-II to Gr-V for twenty-one consecutive days to induce catalepsy and tardive dyskinesia. Animals of Gr-II to Gr-V were orally administered with vehicle, levodopa carbidopa combination (30 mg/kg), Sargassum extract 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively. All the drugs and vehicles were given orally one hour before haloperidol injection for twenty one consecutive days. The cataleptic scores were recorded using standard bar test. Tardive dyskinesia was assessed in terms of vacuous chewing movement (VCM) and tongue protrusion (TP) scores. After behavioural testing, all animals were sacrificed on twenty-second day and various biochemical parameters like MDA, SOD and GSH were estimated in brain tissue. Results: Chronic administration of haloperidol significantly increased cataleptic scores, VCM and TP scores. (p<0.001) Sargassum wightii extract (400 mg/kg) significantly inhibited haloperidol-induced catalepsy, VCM and TP (p<0.001) Haloperidol increased MDA and decreased SOD and GSH in brain tissue to a highly significant extent (p<0.001) Sargassum extract at 400 mg/kg also significantly reversed the haloperidol-induced alteration in brain oxidative stress markers. Conclusion: Sargassum wightii inhibits haloperidol-induced catalepsy and tardive dyskinesia. Thus it may be used as a unique therapeutic adjunct for the prevention of neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms, however, it has to be explored more

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Clinical profile of patients with menorrhagia and its correlation with endometrial histopathology and sonographic features

Background: Menorrhagia is one of the most common gynecologic complaints in contemporary gynecology. It is defined as total blood loss exceeding 80 ml per cycle or menses lasting longer than 7 days. Current gynecological survey reports that 30% of all pre-menopausal women perceive their menses to be excessive. So, the main aim of this study was to correlate clinical profile of patients with menorrhagia, etiological factors of menorrhagia, endometrial patterns in cases of menorrhagia, sonography findings in these patients.Methods: This is a prospective study of 100 patients with complaints of menorrhagia that were randomly selected from out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital. In all cases of menorrhagia, detailed history followed by examination and a particular set of investigations including USG was done. All women were subjected to D and C and histo-pathological report taken into account. However all cases of Puberty menorrhagia were excluded from this study as D and C could not be done in them. Treatment was given depending upon cause/age/parity/ family/completion/patient’s desire.Results: AUB is the most common cause of menorrhagia in this study group (60%) with leiomyomas as the second commonest cause (24%). Other causes found were adenomyosis (8%), polyp (4%), IUCD (4%). Maximum cases of menorrhagia are in 40-50 years age group.Conclusions: To conclude AUB (60%) was the commonest cause of menorrhagia followed by leiomyomas (24%), adenomyosis (8%), IUCD (4%) and polyps (4%). Menorrhagia was most common in multiparous (78%) and peri-menopausal age group (40-49 years). Proliferative endometrium was most commonly observed histo-pathological pattern in 58% cases. Leiomyoma was the commonest sonological finding seen in 24% cases followed by adenomyosis in 8% cases

Investigation of complete and incomplete fusion in 7^{7}Li+124^{124}Sn reaction around Coulomb barrier energies

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for $^{7}$Li+$^{124}$Sn reaction were measured using online and offline characteristic $\gamma$-ray detection techniques. The complete fusion (CF) cross sections at energies above the Coulomb barrier were found to be suppressed by $\sim$ 26 \% compared to the coupled channel calculations. This suppression observed in complete fusion cross sections is found to be commensurate with the measured total incomplete fusion (ICF) cross sections. There is a distinct feature observed in the ICF cross sections, i.e., $\textit{t}$-capture is found to be dominant than $\alpha$-capture at all the measured energies. A simultaneous explanation of complete, incomplete and total fusion (TF) data was also obtained from the calculations based on Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel method with short range imaginary potentials. The cross section ratios of CF/TF and ICF/TF obtained from the data as well as the calculations showed the dominance of ICF at below barrier energies and CF at above barrier energies.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

Preliminary study of feasibility of an experiment looking for excited state double beta transitions in tin

An attempt to study the feasibility of a new experiment to search for double beta decay in $^{112}$Sn and $^{124}$Sn was carried out by using ultra-low background HPGe detector (244 cm$^{3}$) inside the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the INFN (Italy). A small sample of natural Sn was examined for 2367.5 h. The radioactive contamination of the sample has been estimated. The data has also been considered to calculate the present sensitivity for the proposed search; half-life limits $\sim$ $10^{17} - 10^{18}$ years for $\beta^{+}$EC and EC-EC processes in $^{112}$Sn and $\sim$ $10^{18}$ years for $\beta^{-}\beta^{-}$ transition in $^{124}$Sn were measured. In the last section of the paper the enhancement of the sensitivity for a proposed experiment with larger mass to reach theoretically estimated values of half-lives is discussed.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in NIMA (in press

Rotational Bands and Electromagnetic Transitions of some even-even Neodymium Nuclei in J-Projected Hartree-Fock Model

Rotational structures of even-even $^{148-160}$Nd nuclei are studied with the self-consistent deformed Hartree-Fock (HF) and angular momentum (J) projection model. Spectra of ground band, recently observed $K=4^{-}$, $K=5^{-}$ and a few more excited, positive and negative parity bands have been studied upto high spin values. Apart from these detailed electromagnetic properties (like E2, M1 matrix elements) of all the bands have been obtained. There is substantial agreement between our model calculations and available experimental data. Predictions are made about the band structures and electromagnetic properties of these nuclei. Some 4-qasiparticle K-isomeric bands and their electromagnetic properties are predicted.Comment: 20 page