Location and type of habitat in the housing policy of Buenos Aires

Desde 2003, Argentina ingresó en un proceso de progresiva recuperación económica, que impactó positivamente sobre los salarios y los niveles de empleo. En la ciudad de Buenos Aires, la construcción civil estuvo entre las actividades más dinámicas y la edificación residencial experimentó un crecimiento sin precedentes. Sin embargo, la situación habitacional de los hogares no mejoró. Este artículo describe el diseño e implementación de las políticas habitacionales desde 2003, a partir del análisis de las intervenciones en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en diferentes barrios populares: la Villa 31, la Villa 19, el asentamiento Rodrigo Bueno y los conjuntos habitacionales en Lugano y en La Boca. Para ello, se caracteriza la dinámica demográfica y la evolución del déficit habitacional en la ciudad, se analizan las políticas desplegadas sobre diferentes tipologías de hábitat popular y se discute su impacto en el territorio.Código JEL | O18; P16; R21.Desde 2003 a Argentina ingressou em um processo de recuperação econômica gradual, com impactos positivos sobre os salários e os níveis de emprego. Na cidade de Buenos Aires, a construção civil estava entre as atividades mais dinâmicas, experimentando a construção residencial um crescimento sem precedentes. No entanto, a situação da habitação dos agregados familiares não melhorou. Este artigo descreve a concepção e implementação de políticas habitacionais desde 2003 com base na análise de intervenções na Cidade de Buenos Aires em diferentes bairros populares: Villa 31, Villa 19, o assentamento Rodrigo Bueno e os conjuntos habitacionais em Lugano e La Boca. Para tanto, caracterizam-se a dinâmica demográfica e a evolução do déficit habitacional na cidade, analisam-se as políticas implementadas sobre diferentes tipos de habitação popular e se discute seu impacto no território.Código JEL | O18; P16; R21.Since 2003, Argentina entered in a progressive economic recovery, which had a positive impact on real salaries and employment rates. In the city of Buenos Aires, civil construction was one of the most dynamic sectors, and residential construction experienced an unprecedented growth. However, housing conditions did not improve. This article revises housing policies implemented since 2003, through the analysis of the interventions on different locations in the city of Buenos Aires: Villa 31, Villa 19, Rodrigo Bueno settlement and the conjuntos habitacionales in Lugano and La Boca. This was possible through the characterization of the demographic dynamics and the evolution of the housing shortage in the city, as well as the analyses of the policies deployed on different types of popular habitat and the discussions of its impact on the territory.JEL-Code | O18; P16; R21

X chromosome inactivation does not necessarily determine the severity of the phenotype in Rett syndrome patients

WOS: 000481590200024PubMed ID: 31427717Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurological disorder usually caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Since the MECP2 gene is located on the X chromosome, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) could play a role in the wide range of phenotypic variation of RTT patients; however, classical methylation-based protocols to evaluate XCI could not determine whether the preferentially inactivated X chromosome carried the mutant or the wild-type allele. Therefore, we developed an allele-specific methylation-based assay to evaluate methylation at the loci of several recurrent MECP2 mutations. We analyzed the XCI patterns in the blood of 174 RTT patients, but we did not find a clear correlation between XCI and the clinical presentation. We also compared XCI in blood and brain cortex samples of two patients and found differences between XCI patterns in these tissues. However, RTT mainly being a neurological disease complicates the establishment of a correlation between the XCI in blood and the clinical presentation of the patients. Furthermore, we analyzed MECP2 transcript levels and found differences from the expected levels according to XCI. Many factors other than XCI could affect the RTT phenotype, which in combination could influence the clinical presentation of RTT patients to a greater extent than slight variations in the XCI pattern.Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/FEDER) [PI15/01159]; Crowdfunding program PRECIPITA, from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia); Catalan Association for Rett Syndrome; Fondobiorett; Mi Princesa RettWe thank all patients and their families who contributed to this study. The work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/FEDER, PI15/01159); Crowdfunding program PRECIPITA, from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia); the Catalan Association for Rett Syndrome; Fondobiorett and Mi Princesa Rett