Buletin Pa'biritta LPMP Sulawesi Selatan nomor 19 tahun X 2017

Buletin Pa'birita nomor 19 ini terbit setelah beberapa lama berhenti selama beberapa waktu. Penerbitanya merupakan permintaan dari widyaiswara, guru dan tenaga kependidikan yang ingin karyanya di publikasikan. Buletin ini menyajikan tulisan yang membahasa penjaminan mutu pendidikan, program induksi, efek samping haemodialisis, teknologi pembelajaran, Praktikum pembelajaran IPA, Fungsi dan ragam bahasa, Penyelesaian perkalian, dan pappaseng toriolota

Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques

Rhesus macaques (RMs) are a common pre-clinical model used to test HIV vaccine efficacy and passive immunization strategies. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent the Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions impacting antiviral activities of antibodies in RMs recapitulate those in humans. Here, we evaluated the FcR-related functionality of natural killer cells (NKs) from peripheral blood of uninfected humans and RMs to identify intra- and inter-species variation. NKs were screened for FcγRIIIa (human) and FcγRIII (RM) genotypes (FcγRIII(a)), receptor signaling, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), the latter mediated by a cocktail of monoclonal IgG1 antibodies with human or RM Fc. FcγRIII(a) genetic polymorphisms alone did not explain differences in NK effector functionality in either species cohort. Using the same parameters, hierarchical clustering separated each species into two clusters. Importantly, in principal components analyses, ADCC magnitude, NK contribution to ADCC, FcγRIII(a) cell-surface expression, and frequency of phosphorylated CD3ζ NK cells all contributed similarly to the first principal component within each species, demonstrating the importance of measuring multiple facets of NK cell function. Although ADCC potency was similar between species, we detected significant differences in frequencies of NK cells and pCD3ζ+ cells, level of cell-surface FcγRIII(a) expression, and NK-mediated ADCC (P<0.001), indicating that a combination of Fc-FcR parameters contribute to overall inter-species functional differences. These data strongly support the importance of multi-parameter analyses of Fc-FcR NK-mediated functions when evaluating efficacy of passive and active immunizations in pre- and clinical trials and identifying correlates of protection. The results also suggest that pre-screening animals for multiple FcR-mediated NK function would ensure even distribution of animals among treatment groups in future preclinical trials

Effect of Postharvest Application of Putrescine in Increasing Storage Life and Quality Attributes in Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward)

Application of polyamines has been reported to improve shelf life in different fruits. In this research the effect of different concentrations of putrescine with hot water on postharvest life of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward) at 0 ± 0.5°C was studied. Fruits were treated with putrescine (0, 1 and 2 mmol/L) and stored for 16 weeks. Fruit quality attributes assessment including firmness, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity were determined after 8 and 16 weeks of cold storage. Putrescine treatment had significant effect on firmness, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity, but had no significant effect on soluble solid content. After 8 and 16 weeks the highest firmness was for 2mol/ L putrescine treatment. After 8 weeks the highest titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content were observed with 2mol/ L putrescine treatment and after 16 weeks were observed with 1mol/ L putrescine treatment. Putrescine treatment showed significant effect on antioxidant capacity in both measurements. The results revealed that kiwifruit storage life could be extended by putrescine treatment due, apparently, to its effect on delaying the ripenıng and senescence processes. Putrescine application in combination with hot water can be a suitable substitute for chemical post harvest treatment in kiwifruit

Pengaruh Penggunaan Berbagai Level Onggok sebagai Perekat terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Wafer Ransum Komplit Berbasis Jerami Jagung

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui level terbaik penggunaan onggok dalam pembuatan wafer ransum komplit berbasis jerami jagung (WRKJJ) dinilai dari kualitas fisik wafer. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu: WRKJJ-3 (Ransum komplit menggunakan 3% onggok), WRKJJ-6 (Ransum komplit menggunakan 6% onggok), WRKJJ-9 (Ransum komplit menggunakan 9% onggok), dan WRKJJ-12 (Ransum komplit menggunakan 12% onggok) masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Peubah yang diamati yaitu kadar air, berat jenis, kerapatan bahan, wafer durability indeks, dan daya serap air. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Ragam (ANOVA) dan diuji Polinomial Orthogonal (PO) untuk mengetahui level optimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan berbagai level onggok sebagai perekat tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kadar air (38,14%-40,36%), berat jenis (0,75 g/ml-0,77 g/ml), kerapatan wafer (0,22 g/cm3-0,24 g/cm3), dan  daya serap air (182%-195%) namun berpengaruh nyata (P<0,005) terhadap wafer durability indeks (38,61%-92,99%) dengan persamaan y = -0.5869x2 + 14.694x + 0.489. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan level onggok 9% merupakan level terbaik untuk berat jenis dan kadar air wafer, penggunaan level onggok 12% merupakan level terbaik untuk daya serap air wafer dan penggunaan level ongok 12,5% merupakan level terbaik untuk wafer durability indeks.   Kata kunci: Jerami Jagung, Level Onggok, Wafer Ransum Komplit, Sifat Fisi

Relationship between genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase-p1 and p53 protein accumulation in Iranian esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

Background: It has been reported that the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) is over-expressed in plasma and esophagus biopsies in Iranian patients suffering from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of GST-P genotypes in these patients. Moreover, the association of GST-P genotypes with p53 protein accumulation in esophageal epithelium was investigated. Materials and Methods: DNA isolated from paraffin-embedded tissue biopsies from patients suffering from esophageal SCC (n = 56) were collected. polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using Alw261 enzyme was applied to determine GST-P genotypes (Ile 105 Val). All the samples were also subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p53. Results: The frequency of GST-P genotypes in Iranian esophagus SCC patients for Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val was 73.2, 21.5 and 5.3%. There was no association between GST-P polymorphism and p53 accumulation in esophageal epithelial cells. Conclusions: The frequency of GST-P polymorphism was not associated with p53 protein accumulation in esophagus epithelium. The frequency of polymorphic variants of GST-P, Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val in SCC patients may suggest that Ile to Val substitution in GST-P gene dose not represent susceptibility to SCC in high-risk Iranian population

Relationship between genetic polymorphism of <i>glutathione S-transferase-p1</i> and p53 protein accumulation in Iranian esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

Background: It has been reported that the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) is over-expressed in plasma and esophagus biopsies in Iranian patients suffering from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of GST-P genotypes in these patients. Moreover, the association of GST-P genotypes with p53 protein accumulation in esophageal epithelium was investigated. Materials and Methods: DNA isolated from paraffin-embedded tissue biopsies from patients suffering from esophageal SCC (n = 56) were collected. polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using Alw261 enzyme was applied to determine GST-P genotypes (Ile 105 Val). All the samples were also subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p53. Results: The frequency of GST-P genotypes in Iranian esophagus SCC patients for Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val was 73.2, 21.5 and 5.3%. There was no association between GST-P polymorphism and p53 accumulation in esophageal epithelial cells. Conclusions: The frequency of GST-P polymorphism was not associated with p53 protein accumulation in esophagus epithelium. The frequency of polymorphic variants of GST-P, Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val in SCC patients may suggest that Ile to Val substitution in GST-P gene dose not represent susceptibility to SCC in high-risk Iranian population

Carbon: Nitrogen (C:N) ratio level variation influences microbial community of the system and growth as well as immunity of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in biofloc based culture system

Not AvailableBiofloc technology (BFT) is a novel modern aquaculture farming technique used to reduce toxic nitrogen concentration, act as in situ food source and eradicate pollutants using carbon and therefore to control C:N ratio in an aquaculture system. In this study, effect of different C:N ratios of a biofloc based system on water quality such as the level of Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) nitrite-nitrogen (NO2 −–N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3 −–N) were explored. Further, the growth and immunity status of shrimp L. vannamei under the influence of different C:N ratios were evaluated. Two of the C:N ratios (15 and 20) could significantly (P < 0.05) reduce TAN, NO2-N and NO3-N levels (0.456 ± 0.01, 0.145 ± 0.09, and 0.102 ± 0.02 ppm) compared to control (1.45 ± 0.1, 0.749 ± 0.14 and 0.675 ± 0.16 ppm). Large variations in the frequency distribution of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for the bacterial community in water with different C:N ration (BFT) and control were observed. Vibrios often considered as opportunistic pathogens, where the most dominant bacterial flora of water in control (79%) and C:N5 (37%) group. In C:N10, Thauera (62%) was most represented genus. Similarly, Attheyaceae (56%), followed by Peridiniaceae (30%) were the most dominant groups in C:N15 treatment. The diversity of bacterial flora was more spread in C:N20 treatments with Psychrobacter (26%), Proteobacteria (25%) and Peridiniaceae (20%) as the major groups. The trend of Vibrio dominance decreased with the increase in C:N ratios and thus confirming the dominance of heterotrophic bacteria in high C:N ratio groups. Upon challenge with pathogens, shrimps from C:N10, C:N15 and C:N20 groups showed significantly higher survival (P < 0.05) compared to the C:N5 and control group. Similarly, better growth rate was also observed in BFT tanks compared to control both during the culture and at harvest. Comparatively higher expression of four immune-related genes ras-related nuclear gene (RAN), serine proteinase gene (SP), prophenoloxidase activating enzyme (PPAE), and crustin were observed in different C:N ratio ponds than control and these were in increasing trend with the C:N ratio. Gene expression analysis showed that the transcripts of those immune genes were significantly increased among all C:N treatments than that of control. Overall, these findings demonstrated that with optimum C:N ratio,BFT can be used to optimize the bacterial community composition for both optimal water quality and optimal shrimp health. This study thus indicates the possibility of obtaining better performance of L. vannamei culture with proper adjustment of C:N ratio in a biofloc based system.Not Availabl