Successful Treatment Of Idiopathic Generalized Subcutaneous Emphysema In Kajli A Ram By Large Bore Injection Needle

A case of generalized subcutaneous emphysema of an unknown etiology in a 1-year old Kajli ram is described. The ram was successfully treated by evacuation of accumulated air with the help of a 16 gauge needle inserted at 6 different sites. The affected ram recovered in 2 days

Embolization of An Intracranialarteriovenous Malformation Followed Byimmediate Surgical Resection: A Case Report

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are now a recognized entity because of improvements in imaging diagnosis. They are relatively uncommon but can cause serious neurological symptoms or death. We report a case of a 22- year-old man who presented with left parietal hemorrhage and on cerebral angiography was found to have a small AVM in the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. Glue embolization followed by immediate surgical resection of the AVM was carried out, resulting in complete cure

Serological and molecular detection of bovine brucellosis at institutional livestock farms in Punjab, Pakistan

Bovine brucellosis remains a persistent infection in ruminants in Pakistan. A total of 828 (409 buffaloes and 419 cattle) sera were collected from 11 institutional-owned livestock farms in Punjab, Pakistan. The samples were tested by rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). The seroprevalence along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined. Univariable and multivariable analysis of the epidemiological background data was conducted and odds ratio (OR) was calculated to understand any association between the risk factors and the seroprevalence. An overall seroprevalence of 3.9% (Positive/Tested = 32/828) and 3.3% (27/828) was detected by RBPT and iELISA, respectively. The seroprevalence of 5.6% (CI 3.6–8.3) and 4.7%, (CI 2.8–7.2) and the odds ratio of 2.63 (CI 1.20–5.77) and 2.50 (CI 1.08–5.78) for testing positive by RBPT and iELISA, respectively were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in buffaloes than in cattle. Breed, sex, history of abortion and retention of fetal membranes (RFM) in the animals were not found statistically significantly associated with the infection. RBPT and iELISA based results agreed almost perfect (k = 0.877). In total, Brucella abortus-DNA (9/27) was amplified from seropositive samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction. This study identified for the first time the etiological agents of brucellosis at a molecular level at institutional-owned livestock farms in Pakistan. View Full-Tex

Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Parasitism of Cows and Therapeutic Efficacy of Albendazole in Tehsil Tandlianwala, Faisalabad

Parasitism is a relationship between the organisms in which one lives as a parasite on another and is the main health problem of cattle and all other domesticated ruminants all over the world. The major problems in cattle confronted are; Fascioliasis, Paramphistomiasis etc because of presence of various helminthes parasites in the GIT (gastrointestinal tract) of the cattle resulting in huge economic losses to livestock industry. The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism of cattle and therapeutic efficacy of albendazole with the dose rate of 5mg/kg body weight in tehsil Tandlianwala, Faisalabad, in the months of January to April, 2017. For this purpose, a total of 384 cattle were selected and fecal samples were directly collected per rectum with sterilized gloves for every animal in plastic containers. The collected fecal samples were managed and inspected using qualitative practices (floatation and sedimentation) and measurable parasitological practices using McMaster egg counting approaches. Those fecal samples positive for Strongyles, Trichuris, Toxocara, and Monezia were subjected to egg yield (eggs per gram, EPG) of feces count using McMaster egg counting practice and the degree of infestation was branded. It was deduced from the results that out of 384 animals; 146 animals were infested with mentioned worms showing 38.02% prevalence of the gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in the months of January, February, March and April in Tehsil Tandlianwala, Faisalabad. Furthermore, the infested animals were treated using albendazole and  103 animals were recovered with it revealing 70.54% therapeutic efficacy of the drug

SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN MAINTAINING DAIRY AND BEEF ANIMALS’ HEALTH

Oxidation and reduction reactions occurring inside the cell must be maintained in the state of equilibrium so that the integrity of cells can be maintained and production of the animals remains at optimum. If there is imbalance between redox reaction, health of the animals gets affected in terms of onset of various reproductive disorders and diseases like mastitis. A number of antioxidants are produced naturally inside the body but under stressful endogenous and exogenous environment, their production is hampered. Thus, supplementation of animals with antioxidants like vitamin C and Vitamin E in feed or parenteral administration is essential to keep the animal healthy to get maximum possible production

DIAGNOSING POST PARTURIENT HEMOGLOBINURIA IN GOAT ON THE BASIS OF HEMATOLOGY, SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY AND TREATMENT RESPONSE

Goats are extremely prone to many metabolic diseases including Postparturient Hemoglobinuria (PPH) and due to this disorder milk production and general health of goats get affected. Exact pathogenesis of this condition is yet not known but many risk factors are considered to be involved in hemoglobinuria and dropped serum phosphorus level followed by parturition is considered to be the most important one. In this paper, economic significance of goat, a case report and diagnosis based on hemogram and serum biochemistry report and the best available treatment protocols are discussed

Efficacy Evaluation of a Combined Hemorrhagic Septicemia&ndash;Mastitis Vaccine in Dairy Cows and Buffaloes

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis caused by Pasteurella (P.) multocida, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Streptococcus (Str.) agalactiae are important ailments of the dairy industry especially in South Asia. The present study evaluates the efficacy of a locally prepared hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis combined vaccine. To this end, a total of 70 HS, S. aureus and Str. agalactiae-free lactating (early stage of lactation) buffaloes (n = 45) and cows (n = 25), and 50 lactating (early stage of lactation) cows (n = 25) and buffaloes (n = 25) positive for S. aureus/Str. agalactiae were subjected to two doses of HS&ndash;mastitis combined vaccine with an interval of 21 days. Antibody response was monitored by ELISA up to six months (180 days). Antibody titers against HS and mastitis were significantly (p &#706; 0.05) higher in vaccinated groups as compared to the non-vaccinated groups. Cumulative mean somatic cell counts and mastitis severity scores in vaccinated groups were significantly lower (p &lt; 0.05), and milk yield was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) than those in the respective non-vaccinated controls. In conclusion, Montanide&reg;-adjuvanted HS&ndash;mastitis combined vaccine showed significant immunogenic effects in dairy cows and buffaloes. However, challenge studies remain overdue

Serological and Molecular Detection of Bovine Brucellosis at Institutional Livestock Farms in Punjab, Pakistan

Bovine brucellosis remains a persistent infection in ruminants in Pakistan. A total of 828 (409 buffaloes and 419 cattle) sera were collected from 11 institutional-owned livestock farms in Punjab, Pakistan. The samples were tested by rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). The seroprevalence along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined. Univariable and multivariable analysis of the epidemiological background data was conducted and odds ratio (OR) was calculated to understand any association between the risk factors and the seroprevalence. An overall seroprevalence of 3.9% (Positive/Tested = 32/828) and 3.3% (27/828) was detected by RBPT and iELISA, respectively. The seroprevalence of 5.6% (CI 3.6&ndash;8.3) and 4.7%, (CI 2.8&ndash;7.2) and the odds ratio of 2.63 (CI 1.20&ndash;5.77) and 2.50 (CI 1.08&ndash;5.78) for testing positive by RBPT and iELISA, respectively were significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) in buffaloes than in cattle. Breed, sex, history of abortion and retention of fetal membranes (RFM) in the animals were not found statistically significantly associated with the infection. RBPT and iELISA based results agreed almost perfect (k = 0.877). In total, Brucella abortus-DNA (9/27) was amplified from seropositive samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction. This study identified for the first time the etiological agents of brucellosis at a molecular level at institutional-owned livestock farms in Pakistan