533 research outputs found
Overcoming the Challenges to Achieving Justice for Syria
In his introduction to the themed issue on peace and conflict resolution in Syria, Stephen J. Rapp draws on his experience as Ambassador-at-Large for the Office of Global Criminal Justice of the U.S. Department of State, Prosecutor for the Special Court for Sierra Leone, and Senior Trial Attorney and Chief of Prosecutions for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, to address challenges Syrians will face in ending the conflict and achieving justice for the victims of crimes committed on all sides of the conflict. Ambassador Rapp advocates for prosecuting those responsible for the atrocities committed at the national level in third countries through the application of universal jurisdiction
Product Development Resilience Through Set-Based Design
Often during a system Product Development program external factors or requirements change, forcing system design change. This uncertainty adversely affects program outcome, adding to development time and cost, production cost, and compromise to system performance. We present a development approach that minimizes the impacts, by considering the possibility of changes in the external factors and the implications of mid-course design changes. The approach considers the set of alternative designs and the burdens of a mid-course change from one design to another in determining the relative value of a specific design. The approach considers and plans parallel development of alternative designs with progressive selection of options, including time-versus-cost tradeoffs and the impact change-costs. The approach includes a framework of the development process that addresses design and integration lead-times, and their relationship to the time-order of design decisions, and the time-dependent burden of design changes
The Reach and the Grasp of International Criminal Justice â How Do We Lengthen the Arm of the Law?
Trial Monitoring of People v. Cansu PiĆkin (Turkey 2019)
Between March and May 2019, TrialWatch monitors under the supervision of theColumbia Law School Human Rights Clinic monitored the trial of Cansu PiĆkin, ajournalist for the Turkish daily paper, Evrensel, in Istanbul, Turkey. PiĆkin was charged with âmaking a public servant into a target for terrorist organizationsâ in violation of Section 6(1) of Law No. 3713, otherwise known as the Anti-Terror Law, for publishing the prosecutorâs name in her April 5, 2018 article, âSpecial Prosecutor for the Bosphorus Students.â On May 7, 2019, the Court convicted PiĆkin and sentenced her to 10 monthsâ imprisonment (with the sentence pronouncement deferred for a period of five years)
Loneliness, Depression, and Inflammation: Evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Objective
Both objective and subjective aspects of social isolation have been associated with alterations in immune markers relevant to multiple chronic diseases among older adults. However, these associations may be confounded by health status, and it is unclear whether these social factors are associated with immune functioning among relatively healthy adults. The goal of this study was to examine the associations between perceived loneliness and circulating levels of inflammatory markers among a diverse sample of adults.
Methods
Data come from a subset of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (n = 441). Loneliness was measured by three items derived from the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The association between loneliness and C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen was assessed using multivariable linear regression analyses. Models were adjusted for demographic and health characteristics.
Results
Approximately 50% of participants reported that they hardly ever felt lonely and 17.2% felt highly lonely. Individuals who were unmarried/unpartnered or with higher depressive symptoms were more likely to report being highly lonely. There was no relationship between perceived loneliness and ln(CRP) (ÎČ = -0.051, p = 0.239) adjusting for demographic and health characteristics. Loneliness was inversely associated with ln(fibrinogen) (ÎČ = -0.091, p = 0.040), although the absolute magnitude of this relationship was small.
Conclusion
These results indicate that loneliness is not positively associated with fibrinogen or CRP among relatively healthy middle-aged adults
Magnetic Interactions, the Renormalization Group and Color Superconductivity in High Density QCD
We investigate the effect of long range magnetic interactions on the
renormalization group (RG) evolution of local Cooper pairing interactions near
the Fermi surface in high density QCD. We use an explicit cut-off on momentum
modes, with special emphasis on screening effects such as Landau damping, to
derive the RG equations in a gauge invariant, weak coupling expansion. We
obtain the Landau pole , although the structure of our equations differs from previous results. We
also investigate the gap equation, including condensates of higher angular
momentum. We show that rotational invariance is unbroken at asymptotically high
density, and verify that is the correct value of the gap when higher
modes are included in the analysis.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, late
Solar Simulator Represents the Mars Surface Solar Environment
A report discusses the development of a Mars surface, laboratory-based solar simulator to create solar cells that can function better on Mars. The Mars Optimized Solar cell Technology (MOST) required defining the surface incident spectrum, developing an appropriate laboratory solar simulator measurement capability, and developing and testing commercial cells modified for the Mars surface spectrum
Structural Racism in the United States: A Report to the U.N. Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination on the occasion of its review of the Periodic Report of the United States of America
As a signatory to the Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD), 1 the United States is under an obligation to condemn and pursue a policy of eliminating racial discrimination, in all its forms (art. 2, ¶1). The U.S. has not taken seriously the duty under Article 2 of CERD to affirmatively address racial discrimination. Instead, the U.S. has rationalized racial discriminatory effects as not covered by U.S. law. Sometimes these effects are caused by explicit government polices. At other times they are caused by private actors. Frequently, it is a combination of both. The Convention defines racial discrimination (art. 1, ¶1) to mean distinctions, exclusions, restrictions or preferences based on race which have âthe purpose or effectâ of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in any field of public life. CERDâs definition of discrimination is unequivocal: effects and racially disparate outcomes caused by individual action or government practices or policies, singularly or collectively, are of primary concern. Contrary to CERD, U.S. law defines racial discrimination more narrowly in at least two critical respects. First, with few exceptions U.S. law narrowly defines cognizable racial discrimination by requiring evidence of intent to discriminate. Section II demonstrates that such a requirement is contrary to the framework of CERD and does not reflect the real-world operation of discriminatory behavior in contemporary American society
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