4,934 research outputs found
Affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties in affine flag varieties
This paper studies affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties in the affine flag
manifold of a split group. Among other things, it proves emptiness for certain
of these varieties, relates some of them to those for Levi subgroups, extends
previous conjectures concerning their dimensions, and generalizes the superset
method.Comment: 44 pages, 4 figures. Minor changes to font, references, and
acknowledgments. Improved introduction, other improvements in exposition, and
two new figures added, for a total of
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Cost-sharing in directed networks: experimental study of equilibrium choice and system dynamics
This study reports the results of an experiment on directed networks with positive externalities induced by cost-sharing. Subjects participated in a network game in which they had to choose between private and public transportations. If a player chose public transportation, then she shared the travel cost equally with other players making the same choice, whereas if she chose private transportation, then her travel cost was fixed. Travel costs on the private route were manipulated across the two experimental conditions. In one condition, these costs were homogeneous among players; in the other condition, they were heterogeneous among players and only privately known. We found that half (none) of the player groups in the homogeneous (heterogeneous) condition converged toward the efficient equilibrium. Examination of the system dynamics shows that convergence toward efficiency was facilitated by: (1) the existence of an intermediate equilibrium choice; and (2) strategic teaching by which a farsighted player chooses strategies with poor short-term payoff in order to shift group decisions to the efficient equilibrium and thereby increase her own long-term benefit.This research was supported by NSF Grant SES-1418923 awarded to the
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Networking Effects on Cooperation in Evolutionary Snowdrift Game
The effects of networking on the extent of cooperation emerging in a
competitive setting are studied. The evolutionary snowdrift game, which
represents a realistic alternative to the well-known Prisoner's Dilemma, is
studied in the Watts-Strogatz network that spans the regular, small-world, and
random networks through random re-wiring. Over a wide range of payoffs, a
re-wired network is found to suppress cooperation when compared with a
well-mixed or fully connected system. Two extinction payoffs, that characterize
the emergence of a homogeneous steady state, are identified. It is found that,
unlike in the Prisoner's Dilemma, the standard deviation of the degree
distribution is the dominant network property that governs the extinction
payoffs.Comment: Changed conten
Growing Scale-Free Networks with Tunable Clustering
We extend the standard scale-free network model to include a ``triad
formation step''. We analyze the geometric properties of networks generated by
this algorithm both analytically and by numerical calculations, and find that
our model possesses the same characteristics as the standard scale-free
networks like the power-law degree distribution and the small average geodesic
length, but with the high-clustering at the same time. In our model, the
clustering coefficient is also shown to be tunable simply by changing a control
parameter - the average number of triad formation trials per time step.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Massage therapy for symptom reduction and improved quality of life in children with cancer in palliative care: A pilot study
Background: For children with cancer in palliative care, pain and worry are common and frequently under-managed, which negatively impacts quality of life (QOL). Massage therapy (MT) can lead to reduced pain in children with chronic illnesses. Children with cancer have experienced lower anxiety after MT. No studies have examined the effects of MT in pediatric oncology patients receiving palliative care. Objective: Conduct a MT intervention to determine intervention acceptability and initial effects on ratings of pain, worry reduction, and quality of life. Design: Pre-post single group pilot study. Setting/Subjects: Eight children with cancer (age 10â17) and one of their parents were recruited from a palliative care service. Procedure/Measurements: Baseline (one week prior to intervention): demographics, MT expectations, QOL, and pain measures. Intervention (one month): MT was provided once per week, with children\u27s pain and worry ratings occurring immediately before and after each MT session. Follow Up (4â6 weeks after baseline): QOL, pain, and MT/study acceptability questionnaires. Results: Participants reported significant decreases in pain following two MT sessions, and worry following one session. No significant changes in pain symptoms and QOL were found between baseline and follow up. Participants positively endorsed the study and the MT intervention, and there were no adverse effects reported. Conclusions: MT may lead to immediate decreases in pain and worry in children with cancer who are receiving palliative care, however the effects may not be sustained long term. Difficulties regarding protocol feasibility including recruitment and study compliance remain important considerations for future work
Interlayer Registry Determines the Sliding Potential of Layered Metal Dichalcogenides: The case of 2H-MoS2
We provide a simple and intuitive explanation for the interlayer sliding
energy landscape of metal dichalcogenides. Based on the recently introduced
registry index (RI) concept, we define a purely geometrical parameter which
quantifies the degree of interlayer commensurability in the layered phase of
molybdenum disulphide (2HMoS2). A direct relation between the sliding energy
landscape and the corresponding interlayer registry surface of 2H-MoS2 is
discovered thus marking the registry index as a computationally efficient means
for studying the tribology of complex nanoscale material interfaces in the
wearless friction regime.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure
Increased Expression of Tissue Factor and Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Vascular Complications
The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between
the expression of tissue factor (TF) and the receptor
for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and vascular
complications in patients with longstanding uncontrolled
type 2 diabetes (T2D). TF and RAGE mRNAs as well as
TF antigen and activity were investigated in 21 T2D patients
with and without vascular complications. mRNA expression
was assessed by reverse transcriptaseâpolymerase
chain reaction (RT-PCR) in nonstimulated and advanced
glycation end product (AGE) albuminâstimulated peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). TF antigen expression
was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) and TF activity by a modified prothrombin
time assay. Basal RAGE mRNA expression was 0.2 ± 0.06
in patients with complications and 0.05 ± 0.06 patients without
complications (P = .004). Stimulation did not cause any
further increase in either group. TF mRNA was 0.58 ± 0.29
in patients with complications and 0.21 ± 0.18 in patients
without complications (P = .003). Stimulation resulted in
a nonsignificant increase in both groups. Basal TF activity
(U/106 PBMCs) was 18.4 ± 13.2 in patients with complications
and 6.96 ± 5.2 in patients without complications (P =
.003). It increased 3-fold in both groups after stimulation
(P = .001). TF antigen (pg/106 PBMCs) was 33.7 ± 28.6 in
patients with complications, 10.4 ± 7.8 in patients without complications (P = .02). Stimulation tripled TF antigen in
both groups of patients (P = .001). The RAGE/TF axis is
up-regulated inT2Dpatients with vascular complications as
compared to patients without complications. This suggests
a role for this axis in the pathogenesis of vascular complications
in T2D
Stepwise disarmament and sudden destruction in a two-person game: a research tool
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66968/2/10.1177_002200276400800104.pd
An analysis of integrative outcomes in the Dayton peace negotiations
The nature of the negotiated outcomes of the eight issues of the Dayton Peace Agreement was studied in terms of their integrative and distributive aspects. in cases where integrative elements were Sound, further analysis was conducted by concentrating on Pruitt's five types of integrative solutions: expanding the pie, cost cutting, non-specific compensation, logrolling, and bridging. The results showed that real world international negotiations can arrive at integrative agreements even when they involve redistribution of resources tin this case the redistribution of former Yugoslavia). Another conclusion was that an agreement can consist of several distributive outcomes and several integrative outcomes produced by different kinds of mechanisms. Similarly, in single issues more than one mechanism can be used simultaneously. Some distributive bargaining was needed in order to determine how much compensation was required. Finally, each integrative formula had some distributive aspects as well
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