Using the results of a nationwide phenological network to examine the impact of changes in phenology of plant species on the concentration of plant pollen in the air

The application of phenological data together with meteorological and pollen data in a comprehensive analysis gives an opportunity to draw conclusions on variability of the starting date of the pollen season and its dynamics in terms of meteorological factors. It is quite important especially due to the fact that studies conducted all over Europe have proved that species phenology responds to climate warming trends. There has been observed a tendency to an earlier onset of spring flowering and leafing as well as the lengthening of the growing season. Although phenological network studies differ with regard to regions, species, events observed and applied methods, their data show a clear temperature-driven extension of the growing season by up to 2 weeks in the second half of the 20th century in mid- and high northern latitudes; for example, in Germany changes in timing of phenological spring events have been estimated at about -1.6 days / decade, while in Switzerland: -2.3 days / decade. Despite interannual variability in flowering date, caused by specific meteorological conditions each year, long-time series of phenological data from the area of Poland have proved that hazel flowering occurred in the surroundings of Warsaw later in the 50's (third decade of March) than it is observed at the beginning of the 21st century (second decade of March). There is a lack of such long time series of pollen data, but we can suspect that the hazel pollen season has changed similarly to the time pattern of its flowering. Plants are very sensitive to weather conditions, therefore it is important to know as precisely as possible the impact of meteorological conditions on a plant's reactions. The determination of thermal thresholds for a specific plant's reactions may be beneficial for this purpose. The estimated value of Positive Degree Days (PDD> 50), which caused the first Corylus flowers (F2 phenophase) to bloom in the study years, requires testing in future years to make the threshold values credible

Cladosporium spores in the air of selected Polish cities in 2015

The aim of the study was to compare the concentration of Cladosporium spores in the cities of Katowice, Cracow, Olsztyn, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Szczecin, Warsaw, and Zielona Gora in 2015. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Burkard and Lanzoni pollen and spores sampler). Cladosporium season was defined as the period in which 90% of the annual total catch occurred. The Cladosporium season started first in Zielona Gora on the 27th April and in the other cities it started during the next days. The latest the fungal season started in Szczecin. The number of days with spores count above 2800 spores in 1 m3 ranged from 15 to 63

Mugwort pollen season in southern Poland and Lviv (Ukraine) in 2015

The aim of the study was to compare the pollen season of the mugwort in Zielona Gora, Opole, Wroclaw, Sosnowiec, Cracow, Lublin, Guciow (Roztocze National Park) and Lviv. Measurements of pollen concentrations were performed with the volumetric method (Burkard or Lanzoni pollen sampler) in Poland and using the Durham trap in Lviv. Maximum pollen concentrations were observed in all measurement sites in the period between 2nd and 15th August. The highest concentration, the highest annual sum of pollen grains, and the highest risk of pollen allergy due of the presence of high concentrations of mugwort pollen grains in the air were recorded in Zielona Gora, Lublin, and Opole

Strategia leczenia ANN w obliczu zagrożeń współczesnego świata

Alergiczny nieżyt nosa (ANN) jest najczęstszą postacią alergii, która dotyczy – jak wykazały badania epidemiologiczne – prawie 25% populacji. ANN wpływa znacząco na jakość życia chorego, a im cięższa postać choroby, tym większe ryzyko rozwoju astmy oskrzelowej. Jednym z czynników wpływających na nasilenie objawów i stopień ich kontroli jest zanieczyszczenie powietrza. U niektórych chorych, mimo właściwego leczenia, obserwuje się utrzymywanie lub tylko częściowe ustąpienie dolegliwości (niekontrolowany alergiczny nieżyt nosa). Może prowadzić to do nasilenia chorób towarzyszących – zapalenia zatok przynosowych, zapalenia ucha środkowego i astmy – zarówno u dzieci, jak i u dorosłych. Postępowanie w alergicznym nieżycie nosa, zgodnie ze standardami, polega na: edukacji chorego, eliminacji z otoczenia alergenu i czynników nasilających przebieg choroby, dobraniu właściwej farmakoterapii oraz swoistej immunoterapii alergenowej. Na wybór stosowanego leku przeciwhistaminowego wpływa wiele czynników, m.in. możliwość bezpiecznego zwiększenia jego dawki

Alternaria spores in the air of southern Poland cities in 2016

This paper presents the course of the spore season of Alternaria in Cracow, Sosnowiec, Opole, Piotrków Trybunalski, Wrocław, Zielona Góra in 2016. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Lanzoni and Burkard). Alternaria spore season was defined as the period in which 90% of the annual total catch occurred. The Alternaria season started first in Opole on the 5th May and lasted till the 22nd June in Cracow and Wrocław. The highest airborne concentration of 1231 Alternaria spores × m-3 was noted in Zielona Góra on the 6th July. The highest annual sum of Alternaria spores (SSI) was observed also in Zielona Góra (17 776 spores)

Poplar pollen in the air of selected Polish cities in 2014

W pracy przedstawiono przebieg sezonu pylenia topoli w wybranych miastach Polski w 2014 r. Pomiary wykonano w Zielonej Górze, we Wrocławiu, w Sosnowcu, Krakowie, Lublinie, Warszawie, Olsztynie i Szczecinie. Badania prowadzono metodą wolumetryczną przy zastosowaniu aparatów typu Burkard i Lanzoni. Sezon pyłkowy wyznaczono metodą 95% rocznej sumy ziaren pyłku. Najwcześniej pyłek topoli zarejestrowano w Zielonej Górze (26 lutego), najpóźniej zaś w Lublinie (13 marca). Najwyższe wartości stężeń średniodobowych pyłku zanotowano w Lublinie (909 ziaren/m3), najniższe – w Krakowie (93 ziarna/m3).This paper presents the course of poplar pollination season in selected cites of Poland in 2014. The measurements were performed in Zielona Gora, Wroclaw, Sosnowiec, Cracow, Lublin, Warsaw, Olsztyn and Szczecin. The research was carried out by means of the volumetric method with the use of Burkard and Lanzoni Spore Trap. The duration of the pollen seasons was defined as the period in which 95% of the annual total catch occurred. The pollen seasons of poplar started first in Zielona Gora (26th of February), the latest in Lublin (31st of March). The highest concentration values were recorded in Lublin (909 grains/m3) and the lowest in Cracow (93 grains/m3)

Oak pollen in the air of Poland in 2017

The aim of the study was to compare the pollen season of oak in the cities of Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Cracow, Katowice, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2017. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Hirst type pollen sampler). Seasonal Pollen Index (SPI) was estimated as the sum of daily average pollen concentrations in the given season. Pollen season was defined as the period in which 98% of the annual total catch occurred. The pollen season of oak started first in Szczecin, on the 1st April, and lasted till the end of May. At the latest pollen season ended in Olsztyn on the 1st June. However, in the most of other cities the season lasted till the end of May. The differences of pollen seasons duration were considerables from 28 to 56 days. The highest, record airborne concentration of 342 pollen grains/m3 was noted in Warsaw on the 17th May. The maximum values of seasonal pollen count occurred between of 11th and 20th May. The highest oak pollen allergen hazard occurred in 2017 in Piotrkow Trybunalski, Lublin and Warsaw

Alternaria spores in the air of selected Polish cities in 2007

Celem pracy było porównanie wartości stężeń zarodników grzybów mikroskopowych z rodzaju Alternaria w 2007 r. w powietrzu Szczecina, Warszawy, Sosnowca, Olsztyna i Krakowa. Pomiary stężenia zarodników prowadzono metodą objętościową z zastosowaniem aparatu Burkard oraz Lanzoni 2000. Sezon zarodnikowy wyznaczono jako okres, w którym w powietrzu występuje 90% rocznej sumy zarodników grzybów z rodzaju Alternaria. Sezon zarodnikowy najwcześniej zaczął się w Krakowie, w pozostałych miastach rozpoczął się w ciągu następnych trzech tygodni. Najwyższe wartości stężeń zanotowano w Szczecinie, Sosnowcu i Olsztynie, maksymalne stężenie wynoszące 1 230 zarodników×m-3 zaobserwowano w Szczecinie.The aim of the study was to compare the concentration of Alternaria spores in the cities of Szczecin, Warsaw, Sosnowiec, Olsztyn and Cracow in 2007. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Burkard and Lanzoni pollen and spores sampler). Alternaria season was defined as the period in which 90% of the annual total catch occurred. The Alternaria season started first in Krakow on the 24th May and in the other cities it started during the next three weeks. The highest airborne concentration of 1 230 Alternaria spores × m-3 was noted in Szczecin on the 16nd of July

Grass pollen season in Cracow, Lublin, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2015

W pracy przedstawiono najważniejsze cechy sezonu pyłkowego traw w Krakowie, Lublinie, Opolu, Piotrkowie Trybunalskim, Sosnowcu, we Wrocławiu i w Zielonej Górze w 2015 r. Badania wykonano metodą objętościową przy użyciu aparatów firmy Burkard i Lanzoni. Najwyższe dobowe stężenia pyłku traw odnotowano w Lublinie i Krakowie; wynosiły one odpowiednio 349 z/m3 i 294 z/m3. Najwyższą sumę roczną ziaren pyłku traw zarejestrowano w Lublinie (5149) i Sosnowcu (4492).The paper presents the most important features of grass pollen season in Krakow, Lublin, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2015. Volumetric method with the use of Burkard and Lanzoni spore trap was implemented. The highest concentration values of pollen grains were recorded in Lublin and Cracow (349 grains/m3 and 294 grains/m3) respectively. The highest annual sum of pollen concentrations were stated in Lublin (5149) and Sosnowiec (4492)

Alder pollen season in poland in 2018

Alder pollen grains constitute the important allergen sources in this respect in the Northern Hemisphere. The aim of the study was to investigate the concentration of alder (Alnus spp.) in Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Cracow, Drawsko Pomorskie, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2018. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (Burkard and Lanzoni pollen samplers). Seasonal Pollen Index (SPI) was estimated as the annual sum of daily average pollen concentrations. The pollen season of alder in all Polish stations began on the 11th and 13th March and the high concentration persisted until the first days of April. The highest, record airborne concentration of 1068 pollen grains/m3 was noted in Lublin on the 13th March. The peak values of seasonal pollen count occurred between of 11th March and 4th April in all cities. In 2018 pollen concentration of alder was one of the lowest in all analysed cities