Antioxidant-Rich Amaranth Varieties, Arka Samraksha and Arka Varna

Amaranth improvement in India hither to was concerned with development of high-yielding varieties, and hardly any research efforts have been made for its nutritional improvement. Keeping this in view, at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research two high-yielding amaranth varieties, Arka Samraksha and Arka Varna with high antioxidant activity, low amounts of nitrates and oxalates were developed using modified bulk method of selection from segregating population of the crosses IIHR-4 x IIHR-70 and IIHR-7 x IIHR-30 . Arka Samraksha is a high-yielding (10.9 t/ha in 30-35 days), pulling-type variety with green leaves and stem, antioxidant activity of 499mg (AEAC units) and minimum nitrate content of 27.3 mg and 1.34 g oxalates per 100 g fresh leaf weight. Arka Varna also a pulling type, high-yielding variety (10.6 t/ha in 30-35 days) with green leaves and a pink stem, high antioxidant activity of 417 mg (AEAC units), low nitrate content of 37.6 mg and 1.42 g oxalates per 100 g fresh leaf weight

A Novel Multi-Functional DSTATCOM with Distribution Generation using FRC Controller

Distribution Generation plays a significant role in remote areas where the utility grid is affected and initializing by renewable energy sources to acquire the sufficient power demand. In distribution system, it is very exigent consumer related concern which is confronted due to mis-operation of massive non-linear load apparatus. A multi-functional distributed static compensator incorporates the best choice for enhancing the power quality features with effective control scheme under rambled non-linear loads. Conventional control schemes are more adversed with greater switching losses due to extreme harmonic frequencies in a refernce current component. This paper proposes, a novel multi-objective fundamental reference current control scheme based multi-functional DSTATCOM furnishes the current harmonic compensation at PCC, reactive power compensation, power factor correction, active power exchanging, minimizing the switching losses, incredible efficiency and power factor correction. The validation of proposed multi-functional DSTATCOM with proposed control strategy under rated capacity of distribution generation is evaluated by using Matlab/Simulink platform and simulation results are presented

Spammers Detection on Twitter by Automated Multi Level Detection System

Twitter is one of the most well known micro-blogging administrations, which is commonly used to share news and updates through short messages confined to 280 characters. In any case, its open nature and huge client base are every now and again misused via robotized spammers, content polluters, and other not well expected clients to carry out different cyber violations, for example, cyber bullying, trolling, rumor dissemination, and stalking. Likewise, various methodologies have been proposed by specialists to address these issues. Nonetheless, the majority of these methodologies depend on client portrayal and totally dismissing shared communications. In this examination, we present a hybrid methodology for recognizing mechanized spammers by amalgamating network based features with other feature classifications, to be specific metadata-, content-, and association based features. The curiosity of the proposed methodology lies in the portrayal of clients dependent on their communications with their supporters given that a client can dodge features that are identified with his/her very own exercises, yet sidestepping those dependent on the devotees is troublesome. Nineteen distinct features, including six recently characterized features and two re-imagined features, are distinguished for learning three classifiers, in particular, irregular woods, choice tree, Bayesian system, and example pre-handling on a genuine dataset that involves generous clients and spammers. The separation intensity of various feature classifications is additionally broke down, and cooperation and network based features are resolved to be the best for spam identification, though metadata-based features are demonstrated to be the least compelling

Available transfer capability enhancement with FACTS using Cat Swarm Optimization

Determination and enhancement of Available Transfer Capability (ATC) are important issues in deregulated operation of power systems. This paper investigates the use of FACTS devices, such as SVC and TCSC, to maximize power transfer transactions during normal and contingency situations. ATC is computed using Continuation Power Flow (CPF) method considering both the thermal limits and voltage profile. Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO) is used as an optimization tool to determine the location and controlling parameters of SVC and TCSC. The suggested methodology is tested on IEEE 14-bus system and also on IEEE 24-bus reliability test system for normal and different contingency cases

AN INSIGHT INTO CHILLI CULTIVATION AND RISK MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KARNATAKA & ANDHRA PRADESH

Abstract Is chilli cultivation favourable to farmers in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh? India the 'Land of spices' is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices with mammoth share in the world trade. India claims to have the spices production of 76 lakh MT, consumption of 73 lakh MT and export of 3.8 lakh MT of spices in the world with 57 lakh hectares of land under cultivation. Chilli popularly known as 'wonder spice' is a major spice crop as well as vegetable crop grown in many countries. It gained its popularity through more than 400 varieties available all over the world with different pungency, size, shape and colors and its usage. India is the largest producer and consumer of chilli, and rich in almost 50 varieties with contribution about 36% to the total world production. Chilli is an indispensable condiment and used in the daily diet of every Indian household in one or the other form. India is meeting approximately 25% of the world's chilli requirement and considered to be leader in chilli exporting followed by China with 24%. Indian chilli exports are mainly influenced by domestic demand and uneven production which is interrupted by erratic monsoon, drought, and yield factor. Chilli is cultivated in all the states and union territories of the India with Andhra Pradesh leading in both the land used for cultivation (20%) and production (55%). Orissa, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu are the other states following Andhra Pradesh in consumption of land for chilli. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu, contribute around 86 per cent of the total area under chilli crop cultivation in the country and 90 per cent of the total Indian produce. In spite of sustainable growth in chilli production, the lives of small and marginal chilli farmers are at stake. Two of every three farm suicides happening in the country are from states like Andhra Pradesh (A.P.), Maharashtra, Karnataka and Punjab due to high levels of indebtedness and helplessness at the situation where cash crops like chilli and cotton are cultivated. In 2012-13, 68 per cent of all the 13,754 farm suicides took place in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh owing to 70% of cash crops cultivation done in dry lands. According to government data & National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), over 1,313 farmers committed suicide in Andhra Pradesh between 2005 and 2007. In Karnataka, the number stood at 1,003, since 2005-06 till August 2009. The agriculture sector of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh states is characterized by lack of reliable and timely information. There is also a dearth of analysis on various vital aspects of the chilli production and marketing such as latest prices and trends at major national and international markets, seasonal price fluctuations, demand and supply pattern, overall production in the country, stocks available in cold storages, scientific forecasting, crop and weather information, its impact on agriculture and allied sectors, and hedging among the various varieties of chillies. With unfavorable deviations in chilli cultivation leading to reduced income, farmers are facing serious repercussions and risks. It is evident from many studies that risks faced by chilli growers are forcing them to these suicides and these are happening due to the lack of effective risk management measures and tools like derivative instruments. This conceptual paper is an attempt to study the risks faced by the cotton growers in Andhra Pradesh Karnataka states and tries to answers the questions like what are the problems that are increasing the risk of chilli growers? Are there tools available to mitigate the risks of producing and marketing the produced? What is the role of government and cooperatives to safeguard the chilli growers' financial returns and lives Research paper IJBARR E-ISSN -2347-856X ISSN -2348 International Journal of Business and Administration Research Review, Vol.2, Issue.3, Jan-March, 2014. Page145 145145 with special reference to Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka States? This paper also reviews the emergence of commodity derivatives, role of these risk management tools in hedging the risks (that) arise in cotton marketing

Arsenic content in certain marine brown algae and mangroves from Goa coast

283-285Arsenic has been estimated in 7 species each of brown algae and mangroves, including different parts of Sargassum cinereun. Arsenic is more concentrated in brown algae [concentration/factor(CF) range 1.5 - 7 x 10(3)] as compared to mangroves (CF < 1). In brown algae organic As is accounted for about 75-90% of total, but in S. cinereum and Sphacelaria furcigera about 50-60% inorganic As is noted. Basal thallus and reproductive organs of S. cinereum have higher concentration of total and organic As than active photosynthetic portions. However, holdfast accumulates lesser As but its organic As is high (80%). Arsenic in younger leaves of mangroves is marginally more (0.23 mg.kg-1 dry wt.) than that of mature and yellow leaves (0.16 mg. kg-1)

Association of rotavirus strains and severity of gastroenteritis in Indian children

Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe and dehydrating diarrhea in children aged under 5 years. We undertook this hospital-based surveillance study to examine the possible relationship between the severity of diarrhea and the various G-group rotaviruses circulating in India. Stool samples (n = 2,051) were systematically collected from 4,711 children aged <5 years admitted with severe acute gastroenteritis to 12 medical school centers from April 2011 to July 2012. Rotavirus testing was undertaken using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit for the rotavirus VP6 antigen (Premier Rotaclone Qualitative ELISA). Rotavirus positive samples were genotyped for VP7 and VP4 antigens by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction at a central laboratory. Of the stool samples tested for rotavirus antigen, 541 (26.4%) were positive for VP6 antigen. Single serotype infections from 377 stool samples were compared in terms of gastroenteritis severity. Among those with G1 rotavirus infection, very severe diarrhea (Vesikari score ≥ 16) was reported in 59 (33.9%) children, severe diarrhea (Vesikari score 11–15) in 104 (59.8%), moderate (Vesikari score 6–10) and mild diarrhea (Vesikari score 0–5) in 11 (6.3%). Among those with G2 infection, very severe diarrhea was reported in 26 (27.4%) children, severe diarrhea in 46 (48.4%), and moderate and mild diarrhea in 23 (24.2 %). Among those with G9 infection, very severe diarrhea was reported in 47 (54.5%) children, severe diarrhea in 29 (33.6%), and moderate and mild diarrhea in 10 (11.9%). Among those with G12 infection, very severe diarrhea was reported in 9 (40.9%) children and severe diarrhea in 13 (59.1%). The results of this study indicate some association between rotavirus serotypes and severity of gastroenteritis