Machine Learning Research On Breast And Lung Cancer Detection

As the diagnosis of these cancer cells at late stages causes greater pain and raises the likelihood of death, the initial-state cancer finding is crucial to giving the patient the proper care and reducing the risk of dying from cancer. The publication offers a chance to research breast and lung cancer detection techniques as well as various algorithms for cancer early detection. With the aid of various image kinds and test results data sets, hybrid approaches are utilized to identify lung and breast cancer based on the size and form of the cells. The basic concept of breast and lung cancer block diagram is also explained in this study, with an emphasis on the difficulties and potential future applications of cancer detection and diagnosis techniques

Influence of Exogenous Glycinebetaine on Hot Pepper under Water Stress

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of exogenous application of glycinebetaine (GB) on physiological response in hot-pepper (Capsicum annuum L. vs. Arka Lohit and Pusa Jwala) under water stress. Glycinebetaine was applied to seeds as well as plants through foliar applications. Water stress affected considerably the morphophysiological parameters in both the cultivars. However, in glycinebetaine (GB) treated plants, plant height, leaf area (LA), flower and fruit number and total dry matter (TDM) were greater compared to the untreated stress plants (T4) under water stress. Glycinebetaine application enhanced the photosynthesis (PN) in water deficit experiencing plants, mostly due to a greater stomatal conductance (gs) and carboxylation efficiency of CO2 assimilation. In both the cultivars after 12 day of stress, the PN decreased from 10.1 to 1.0-1.3 μ mol m-2 s-1 in untreated stressed plants (T4), while in the treated stressed plants PNhad reduced to 2.0 - 3.0 μ mol m-2 s-1 (T1 - T3). The application of GB increased the WUE in both the cultivars. The better WUE in treated plants of hot-pepper under stress was attributed to the improved PN. The higher per plant yield in the GB applied plants under stress in both the cultivars associated with higher PNrate, gs and WUE in treated plants. Though there was an increase in PN rate, WUE and plant yield in the treated plants (T1 - T3), the better results were found in the plants (T2) where seeds were treated and foliar application was given at the time of imposing stress

Halogen nuclear magnetic resonance shifts. Part I. Cl<SUP>35</SUP> resonance in alkali chlorides

The nuclear magnetic resonance shifts (chemical shifts) of Cl35 in aqueous solutions of alkali chlorides were determined using a High Resolution NMR Spectrometer. These small shifts probably represent the effect of the neighbouring atom even in the highly ionic state. A similarity of these results to the quadrupole coupling constants of the halogen atom in these molecules is pointed out

The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of four spin systems. III. Proton resonance spectra of α, β and γ picolines

The ring proton resonance spectra of &#945;, &#946; and &#947; picolines have been studied at 40 Mc./sec. The spectra which belong to the classes ABCX, ABXY and A2X2 respectively have been completely analyzed to determine all the involved parameters

Generating neutralizing antibodies, Th1 response and MHC non restricted immunogenicity of HIV-I env and gag peptides in liposomes and ISCOMs with in-built adjuvanticity

For enhancing immunogenicity and develop vaccine strategies using peptide based constructs against HIV-1, a chimeric peptide containing V3 loop and transmembrane sequence of gp41 with two glycine motifs as spacer was constructed. The V3-gp41, gp41 peptide and p17 and p24 peptides separately or in a cocktail were entrapped with or without MA729 as an immunoadjuvant in liposomes or ISCOMs. The immunogenicity, antigen induced T-cell proliferation and cytokine profiles of various formulations were studied in four different inbred strains of mice of H-2(d), H-2(b), H-2(k )and H-2(q )haplotypes, keeping alum as a control adjuvant. Both liposomes and ISCOM preparations elicited high titer and long lasting antibody response (60 days and above). When compared to the alum formulation, the liposomes co-entrapped with MA729 produced high antibody levels, comparable with that induced by ISCOMs. Peptide in alum, liposomes and ISCOMs enhanced both antigen specific IgG2a and IgG2b isotypes and high T-cell stimulation index. Peptide formulations also induced antibodies with high affinity and in vitro neutralizated the formation of HIV-1 syncytia. T-cell supernatants contained high levels of IFN-γ and IL-2. Thus formulation in these adjuvants induced a predominant Th1 like response with MA729 as a versatile novel delivery vehicle for stimulating the appropriate arm of the immune response that can selectively modulate MHC class I or MHC class II response. The above peptide can be of wide vaccination interest as a means to improve immune responses to several other HIV-1 antigens and may serve as candidates for vaccine development

Reconstruction of Causal Networks by Set Covering

We present a method for the reconstruction of networks, based on the order of nodes visited by a stochastic branching process. Our algorithm reconstructs a network of minimal size that ensures consistency with the data. Crucially, we show that global consistency with the data can be achieved through purely local considerations, inferring the neighbourhood of each node in turn. The optimisation problem solved for each individual node can be reduced to a Set Covering Problem, which is known to be NP-hard but can be approximated well in practice. We then extend our approach to account for noisy data, based on the Minimum Description Length principle. We demonstrate our algorithms on synthetic data, generated by an SIR-like epidemiological model.Comment: Under consideration for the ECML PKDD 2010 conferenc

A Tri-Band Heart Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this paper a tri-band heart shaped Microstrip patch antenna is presented for Bluetooth and C-band applications. The proposed antenna has symmetrical properties and has been designed by etching heart shaped structure on FR-4 substrate with coaxially fed input. It radiates for Bluetooth, WLAN and WIMAX Frequency bands. The gain at 2.4 GHz, 5.4 GHz, and 7.6 GHz respectively is obtained. The proposed antenna can be widely used for Bluetooth, WLAN applications. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15033

Adenosine conformations of nucleotides bound to methionyl tRNA synthetase by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy.

International audienceThe conformations of MgATP and AMP bound to a monomeric tryptic fragment of methionyl tRNA synthetase have been investigated by two-dimensional proton transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (TRNOESY). The sample protocol was chosen to minimize contributions from adventitious binding of the nucleotides to the observed NOE. The experiments were performed at 500 MHz on three different complexes, E.MgATP, E.MgATP.L-methioninol, and E.AMP.L-methioninol. A starter set of distances obtained by fitting NOE build-up curves (not involving H5' and H5") were used to determine a CHARMm energy-minimized structure. The positioning of the H5' and H5" protons was determined on the basis of a conformational search of the torsion angle to obtain the best fit with the observed NOEs for their superposed resonance. Using this structure, a relaxation matrix was set up to calculate theoretical build-up curves for all of the NOEs and compare them with the observed curves. The final structures deduced for the adenosine moieties in the three complexes are very similar, and are described by a glycosidic torsion angle (chi) of 56 degrees +/- 5 degrees and a phase angle of pseudorotation (P) in the range of 47 degrees to 52 degrees, describing a 3(4)T-4E sugar pucker. The glycosidic torsion angle, chi, deduced here for this adenylyl transfer enzyme and those determined previously for three phosphoryl transfer enzymes (creatine kinase, arginine kinase, and pyruvate kinase), and one pyrophosphoryl enzyme (PRibPP synthetase), are all in the range 52 degrees +/- 8 degrees. The narrow range of values suggests a possible common motif for the recognition and binding of the adenosine moiety at the active sites of ATP-utilizing enzymes, irrespective of the point of cleavage on the phosphate chain