Modeling of Cooling and Solidification of TNT based Cast High Explosive Charges

Cast trinitrotoluene (TNT) based high explosive charges suffer from different defects such as cracks, voids, etc. One of the quality control measures is to cool the castings gradually, so that the entire charge solidifies without a large temperature gradient from core to the periphery of the cast charge. The fact that the solidification of high explosive casting starts from the periphery (cooler side) and travels towards the center enables us to predict the solidification profile of TNT based explosive castings. Growth of solidification thickness and cooling temperature profiles of TNT based cast high explosive charges are predicted as functions of time and space using unsteady state heat transfer principles, associated with heat balance at solid to liquid interface as a moving boundary of solidification. This will enable adoption of proper quality control during solidification of the molten TNT to eliminate inherent drawbacks of cast high explosive charges. The solidification profiles of TNT based cast charges under controlled and natural conditions are predicted and the model is validated against 145 mm diameter TNT cast charge which is found to be in broad agreement with experiments.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 64, No. 4, July 2014, pp.339-343, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.64.467

"Performance Evaluation of Wi-Fi comparison with WiMAX Networks"

Wireless networking has become an important area of research in academic and industry. The main objectives of this paper is to gain in-depth knowledge about the Wi-Fi- WiMAX technology and how it works and understand the problems about the WiFi- WiMAX technology in maintaining and deployment. The challenges in wireless networks include issues like security, seamless handover, location and emergency services, cooperation, and QoS.The performance of the WiMAX is better than the Wi-Fi and also it provide the good response in the access. It's evaluated the Quality of Service (Qos) in Wi-Fi compare with WiMAX and provides the various kinds of security Mechanisms. Authentication to verify the identity of the authorized communicating client stations. Confidentiality (Privacy) to secure that the wirelessly conveyed information will remain private and protected. Take necessary actions and configurations that are needed in order to deploy Wi-Fi -WiMAX with increased levels of security and privacyComment:

Study of Electrical and Thermal Behaviour of Li-ion Polymer Cells for Auxiliary Power Supply in Underwater Applications

Lithium  ion  polymer (Li-Po) battery technology is the latest technology for portable use and the most promising technology for exercise torpedoes. These batteries are technologically evolved from Lithium ion batteries. In this paper, extensive experimental studies on Li-Po cells which include studies on electrical characteristics during charge-discharge cycles, discharge at different C rates, self discharge throughout  charge stand, temperature profiles at the cathode and anode during the discharges, etc. are reported and discussed. The extensive electrical characterisation done on these cells indicates the capability of these cells for use as auxiliary power supply in underwater weapon applications.Defence Science Journal, 2012, 62(2), pp.127-131, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.62.99

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TAFLUPROST OPHTHALMIC SOLUTION

The aim of the present study was to formulate, develop and evaluate ophthalmic solution containing Tafluprost. The selected prostaglandin analogue belongs to BCS - II. So to increase the solubility of the Tafluprost in WFI Beta Cyclodextrin was used by performing various trials variables of the experiments procedure Stirring time and speed were optimized to enhance the solubility. From the experimental procedure with different trails 20mg/mL of Cyclodextrins was fixed for the optimized formula. The product were characterized for appearance, physical state, colour and odour of the drug characteristics. The prepared formulations were evaluated for pH, osmolality and assay and found to be in acceptable ranges. Stability study was carried out for optimized formulation at 40°C±2°C /NMT 25%RH and 30°C ±2°C/ 65%±5% RH for 3 months, were evaluated for pH ,osmolality ,assay found to be within  acceptable limits. Finally it can be concluded that the in house product Tafluprost ophthalmic solution was met with in the specification

Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for sustainable crop production

Climate change is the main environmental problem facing humanity. Evidences over the past few decades show that significant changes in climate are taking place all over the world as a result of enhanced human activities through deforestation emission of various greenhouse gases and indiscriminate use of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide (CO2) Methane and Nitrous Oxide are the major greenhouse gases. CO2 enters the atmosphere mostly through burning fossil fuels. Methane emissions also result from livestock and other agricultural practices and Nitrous Oxide is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities. Global atmospheric concentration of CO2 has increased from pre-industrial level of 280 parts per million (ppm) to 408 ppm in Feb 2018. Global projections indicate higher temperature of 1.5 to 4.5°C by the year 2050 as a result of enhanced greenhouse gases. There is medium confidence in that the Indian summer monsoon circulation weakens but this is compensated by increased atmospheric moisture content leading to more rainfall. There is medium confidence in an increase of Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its extremes throughout the 21st century under all RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) scenarios

Sheltered Compound Vendor Data Apportioning For Vibrant Clusters In The Cloud

Cloud computing is an emerging computing paradigm in which resources of the computing infrastructure are provided as services over the Internet. Sharing data in a multiowner manner while preserving data and identity privacy from an untrusted cloud is still a challenging issue, due to the frequent change of the membership. To preserve data privacy, a basic solution is to encrypt data files, and then upload the encrypted data into the cloud. In this paper we are further extending the basic MONA by adding the reliability as well as improving the scalability by increasing the number of group managers dynamically. This paper proposes how user can access data after the time out. The storage overhead and encryption computation cost of our scheme are independent with the number of revoked users

Antinociceptive and anti-Inflammatory effects of the standardized oil of Indian Callistemon lanceolatus leaves in experimental animals

The effect of Callistemon lanceolatus (Syn. C. citrinus curtis; Family: Myrtaceae) leaf oil was studied for the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity in experimental animals. C. lanceolatus, 25 – 100 mg/kg administered orally for 3 days exhibited graded dose response equivalent to 21.95% - 89.90% protection in the tail flick latent test in rat. The C. lanceolatus oil (50 and 100 mg/kg, given orally for 3 days) was effective in hot plate reaction time (64.05% and 112.97%,