DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NEW STABILITY INDICATING REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND ERTUGLIFLOZIN IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: The present study deals with the development, validation, and application of simple, precise, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride and ertugliflozin in pharmaceutical formulation and to validate.Methods: The analytical conditions were optimized on BDS C8 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at room temperature. The mobile phase consists of buffer: acetonitrile in 55:45 v/v ratio. Injection volume was 10 μl. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min, and the analysis was carried out at 224 nm.Results: The method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 125–750 μg/ml and 1.875–11.25 μg/ml for metformin hydrochloride and ertugliflozin with regression coefficient r2 = 0.999. The method was found to be precise with percentage relative standard deviation below 2%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be within the limits. The percentage recovery of the developed method was 100.15%. All the validation parameters such as robustness, recovery, and precision were found to be within the limits. Degradation parameters such as acid, base, thermal and peroxide, light, temperature, and humidity were performed and found that the drugs are stable in all the extreme conditions.Conclusions: A simple, accurate, precise, and less time-consuming reversed-phase HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride and ertugliflozin has been developed and validated in accordance with the ICH guidelines

Cerimetric Titration of As(III) in Acetic Acid Medium

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A RAPID RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION RIBAVIRIN IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method and validate as per ICH guidelines for the quantitative estimation of Ribavirin (200mg) in tablets.Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase column, Enable Make KromasilC18 (250 X 4.6 mm; 5μ), a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (pH 4.2): acetonitrile in the proportion of 85:15 v/v, flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a detection wavelength of 215 nm using a PDA detector.Results: The developed method resulted in Ribavirin eluting at 2.606 min. Ribavirin exhibited linear in the range 25-150μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by the relative standard deviation of 0.4%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) was found to be 0.24ng/ml and 0.73ng/ml respectively.Conclusion: An accurate, precise and linear RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Ribavirin in VIRAZIDE (200mg) tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries.Â

A comparative study of the consistent and simplified finite element analyses of Eigenvalue, problems

Classical displacement method of the finite element analysis of eigenvalue problems requires the use of consistent and conforming elements. However, simpler approaches based on relaxing the condition of consistency of the element descriptions, such as lumped inertia force method and others are also found to yield satisfactory results. In this paper we make a comparative study of the consistent and simplified approaches with reference to four representative problems. In the simplified approach studied in this paper, the contribution of straining modes in the derivation of the mass and geometric stiffness matrices is neglected and this simplifies their derivation substantially. The results indicate that this simplification introduces only small errors in the eigenvalues

Assessment of accuracies of finite eigenvalues

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Study of Electrical and Thermal Behaviour of Li-ion Polymer Cells for Auxiliary Power Supply in Underwater Applications

Lithium  ion  polymer (Li-Po) battery technology is the latest technology for portable use and the most promising technology for exercise torpedoes. These batteries are technologically evolved from Lithium ion batteries. In this paper, extensive experimental studies on Li-Po cells which include studies on electrical characteristics during charge-discharge cycles, discharge at different C rates, self discharge throughout  charge stand, temperature profiles at the cathode and anode during the discharges, etc. are reported and discussed. The extensive electrical characterisation done on these cells indicates the capability of these cells for use as auxiliary power supply in underwater weapon applications.Defence Science Journal, 2012, 62(2), pp.127-131, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.62.99

Comparative study between ultrasound guided modified pectoral nerve block versus erector spinae block in breast surgeries-prospective randomised comparative study

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, comprising approximately 25% of all cases. Failure to provide effective pain control is associated with poor quality of recovery & chronic postsurgical pain after breast surgery. According to a recently published PROSPECT guideline, pectoral nerve (PECS) blocks seem to be an effective alternative to PVB for postsurgical pain management in breast surgery. In order to relieve post-operative pain in patients undergoing MRM, in this study we compared the efficacy of modified pectoral nerve block versus erector spinae plane block for breast cancer surgeries. Methods: A comparative study was conducted among 80 female patients of age 25-65 years scheduled for modified radical mastectomy surgery with ASA class I and II after obtaining approval from ethical committee. Written informed consent was obtained and research process were explained to the patients. They were randomly allocated into two groups of 40 each. Group 1: was assigned to receive 0.2% Ropivacaine 25ml for Erector spinae block and Group 2: Was assigned to receive 0.2% ropivacaine 25 ml for modified pectoral nerve block, p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In patients receiving modified pectoral nerve block (PEC 2) there was considerably lesser opioid consumption, Ionger duration of analgesia and lesser postoperative pain score as compared to patients receiving erector spinae block (ESP) for modified radical mastectomy surgeries. Conclusions: Modified Pectoral nerve block is a potential analgesic technique in breast surgeries since it has less perioperative opioid consumption, proIonged duration of anaIgesia, Iesser postoperative pain score when compared to Erector Spinae block

Radiant heat protective performance of clothing assemblies with flexible aerogel-Nomex nonwoven composite as thermal insulation

396-403In order to achieve a superior level of heat protection, aerogel-Nomex nonwoven composite felts have been prepared and used as middle layer in 3-layered fabric. To study the effect of precursor concentration on the radiant heat protection, methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) precursor to methanol molar ratios are varied for making the flexible aerogel-Nomex nonwoven felt. The heat protective performance of three-layered clothing assemblies, with aerogel-Nomex nonwoven felt as the thermal insulating middle layer [outer layer Nomex IIIA woven and inner layer modacrylic-cotton (60:40) woven fabric] has been determined by exposing the clothing combinations to pure radiant heat fluxes by using Stoll’s criterion. The use of aerogel-Nomex nonwoven fabric shows more than 100% increase in the heat protection time as compared to the conventional multilayered heat protective clothing assembly. The aerogel-Nomex nonwoven fabric samples produced using MTMS precursor are found to be soft and flexible as compared to the conventionally produced pure silica aerogels, by using tetra-alkoxysilanes, which are normally fragile in nature

Intelligent Anti-Theft System for Automobiles

Security is prime sympathy toward everybody. These days all the car are outfitted with auto cop systems. Despite the fact that, the criminals are breaking the obstructions and take the vehicles. This venture is the right answer for this issue. Utilizing this venture, one can control his vehicle's car engine by method for a SMS. Hence, to conquer the above disadvantages, we are utilizing one of the remote correspondence procedure i.e., GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is a digital cellular communications system which has quickly picked up acknowledgment and piece of the pie around the world. ARM is the heart of the task. A GSM modem is interfaced to microcontroller. This modem receives the messages from control mobile and sends as contribution to MCU. The MCU check for validation o and, in the event that IT is approved, engine control will be taken place.16X2 LCD is interfaced to show client required information. In this task TRAIC is utilized as burden controller (as a switch), MOC3021 utilized as a Triac driver. This undertaking utilizes controlled 5v, 750mA power supply. 7805 and 7812 three terminal voltage controllers are utilized for voltage direction. Bridge type full wave rectifier is utilized to redress the air conditioner yield of auxiliary of 230/12v step down transformer. The report comprises of a foundation into the territory of ARM microcontroller and mobile correspondence, how they are interfaced to each other and AT (Attention) summons set utilized as a part of correspondence

First simultaneous lidar observations of sodium layers and VHF radar observations of E-region field-aligned irregularities at the low-latitude station Gadanki

Simultaneous observations of atmospheric sodium (Na) made by a resonance lidar and E-region field-alignedirregularities (FAI) made by the Indian MST radar, both located at Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E) and horizontal winds acquired by a SKiYMET meteor radar at Trivandrum (8.5°N, 77°E) are used to investigate the relationship among sodium layer, FAI and neutral winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. The altitudes and descent rates of higher altitude (~ 95 km) Na layer and FAI agree quite well. The descending structures of the higher altitude Na layer and FAI are found to be closely related to the diurnal tidal phase structure in zonal winds observed over Trivandrum. At lower altitudes, the descent rate of FAI is larger than that of Na layer and zonal tidal phase. These observations support the hypothesis that the metallic ion layers are formed by the zonal wind shear associated with tidal winds and subsequently get neutralized to manifest in the form of descending Na layers. The descending FAI echoing layers are manifestation of the instabilities setting in on the ionization layer. In the present observations, the altitudes of occurrence of Na layer and FAI echoes being low, we surmise that it is quite possible that the FAI echoes are due to the descent of already formed irregularities at higher altitudes