Development and Evaluation of Solid Self Nano- Emulsifying Formulation of Rosuvastatin Calcium for Improved Bioavailability

Purpose: To develop rosuvastatin calcium-loaded self-nanoemulsifying powder for improved oral delivery of the drug.Methods: Solubility study was carried out in different oils, surfactants and co-surfactants. Based on the solubility study, liquid formulations were prepared using LAS/Capryol 90: Maisine 35-1 as oil phase and Tween 20 with Lutrol E400 as surfactant mixture (Smix). The liquid formulations were adsorbed onto Aerosil 200 in a ratio of 1: 0.25 % w/w to convert them into a solid form. The formulations were evaluated for globule size, zeta potential, and emulsion properties. Transmittance study, scanning electron microscopy, and in-vitro dissolution studies were carried out. Biochemical studies were carried out using a triton-induced hyperlipidemia model in Wistar rats.Results: The developed formulations exhibited some desirable characteristics of self-emulsifying systems with nano-sized globules in the range 119.8 to 228.9 nm, rapid emulsification in approximately 60 s and transmittance of close to 100 %. In-vitro dissolution studies on the developed formulations indicate a 4-fold increase in drug release in 10 min, compared to the pure drug (ROC) while pharmacodynamic data showed significant improvement in oral bioavailability compared to the pure drug.Conclusion: The developed formulation containing the oils, LAS and combination of capryol 90 with Maisine 35-1, has the capability to improve the solubility and bioavailability of rosuvastatin calcium when formulated as a self-nanoemulsifying product.Keywords: Rosuvastatin, Particle size, Zeta potential, Nanoemulsion, Oral bioavailability,Hyperlipidemia, Pharmacodynamics, Surfactants, Co-surfactant

Evaluating the epidemiology and needs of oral cancer patients from Aurangabad district, Maharashtra, India

Background: India is facing burden of non-communicable diseases and oral cancer is one of the leading public health issue. This is a descriptive study from Aurangabad district, Maharashtra, India to evaluate epidemiologic profile of oral cancer patients who underwent treatment during 2012 to 2016.Methods: Demographic and clinical profile of 500 patients was recorded with validated questionnaire.Results: With male: female ratio was 2.90:1; the mean age of the patients of oral cancer was 47.73 years. Tobacco consumption was the leading cause associated with statistically significant association (p value < 0.000) among the gender and tobacco use suggesting men are more prone to use tobacco than women. 74% patients received satisfactory treatment and all the patients strongly reported need of doctor’s advice, family support, discontinuation of substance abuse habits and financial help. Patients reported the need of acceptance by society and good diet and nutrition. However, many denied the need of psychological counseling and regular check-up. There was statistically significant association (p value < 0.001) found among the gender and needs for good diet and nutrition, psychological counseling, regular check-up, discontinuation of tobacco habits. Statistically significant association (p value < 0.001) found among the occupation and needs for good diet and nutrition, psychological counseling and acceptance by society.Conclusions: The study projects the epidemiology and focuses on the needs of the patients which require the specific attention and efforts through patient’s education and awareness

Validated method for estimation of irbesartan in bulk and dosage form by high performance liquid chromatography technique

A simple, specific, accurate and precise new high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the estimation of irbesartan in bulk and its developed dosage form. The mobile phase containing acetonitrile: Phosphate buffer pH 3.5 in proportion of 50:50 v/v was employed with flow rate of1.0 ml/min and eluting medium was monitored at 240 nm. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness for irbesartan. A linear response was observed in the range of 5- 40μg/ml. Linear regression of absorbance on concentration gave equation y = 101.9x + 195.3 with a regression co-efficient r2 =0.993. The method was validated for different parameters as per the ICH guidelines. The degradation studies were carried out by using the developed method. Thus the method was found to be useful for the determination of irbesartan in bulk as well as for dosage forms

Preliminary evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) varieties at Konkan region of Maharashtra

The performance of 21 varieties of turmeric (Curcuma longa) for rhizome characters, yield and curcumin content was studied at Konkan region (Maharashtra). Salem was found to be the best variety, which recorded significantly higher weight of primary fingers (208.92 g), secondary fingers (243.75 g), yield plot' (11.99 kg) and yield hectare" (44,395 kg). The curcumin content was significantly higher in CA-71 (4.87%). The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance on mean basis were appreciably high for yield and curcumin content. The magnitude for environmental coefficient of variation was very low

Multifocal Carcinoma of Oral Cavity: A Case Report

Oral Carcinoma is most common among several other cancers in our country (over 40%). The most causative factor is tobacco in various forms. It is very rare to have multiple foci or centres for cancer in oral cavity. The case presents a rarity, having multiple (about 4) cancer sites in the oral cavity

Urinary and salivary estimation of 17-ketosteroid as an indicator in stress-induced lichen planus

Human beings when subjected to stress react differently and this stress can abuse the human tissue in the fern and lichen planus and recurrent aphthous. The oral mucosa is highly reactive to psychological influences and, in some cases, oral disease may be a direct expression of emotions or conflicts, while in other instances, lesions of oral mucosa may be the indirect result of an emotional problem in terms of fundamental psychologic theory, the oral tissue have considerable significance. The mouth is directly or symbolically related to the major human instincts, passions and is charged with a high psychological potential. Today, stress is measurable through blood, urine, saliva and elaborates psychoanalysis and thus helps in good diagnosis

Discoid lupus erythematosus

Oral ulcerative lesions are very common and a proper diagnosis is required of the nonresponsive lesions to common antiseptic and analgesic creams which do not work on those ulcers. Specific local potent steroids work faster with given soft trays to apply, which holds the medicine for local action, as it does not get washed away with the mouth saliva. Lupus Erythematosus lesions respond slowly with medicine as this is an autoimmune disease. Systemic lupus erythematosus, it occurs, is a cutaneous autoimmune disease and can affect the skin and various internal organs. Thus, proper observation of oral ulcers is important and if there are any indications of such skin infections, then it requires a Dermatologist to handle for life-saving management as the disease is sometimes fatal. A general warning signal of recurrence can help the patient with history of oral lesion for the proper management even later in life by a Dermatologist. Oral lesions are very important in diagnosing systemic disease in many cases. Oral lesions are thus the mirror of general health

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